考研考博-考博英语-云南大学考前自测提分卷59(含答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-云南大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题They arranged daily routine that would （ ）her sense of security though she was just a trainee.问题1选项A.bombardB.bolsterC.breedD.bruise【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项bombard“轰击”；B选项bolster“支持、支撑”；C选项breed“培养”；D选项bruise“使擦伤”。本句表示“他们安排了每天的例行公事来培养她的安

2、全感虽然只是个实习生”安全感需要培养。因此C选项符合题意。2.单选题Even in the 1700s, during the early US settlements, （ ）religious groups who opposed slavery, and later formed the backbone of the Abolitionist Movement.问题1选项A.there haveB.there areC.there wereD.have there been【答案】D【解析】语法（倒装）题目。空格前一句 “Even in the 1700s, during the ea

3、rly US settlements”是整个句子的时间状语，而当时间状语位于句首时，主句部分需要使用部分倒装，D选项正确。3.单选题People who consider paperback publishing a recent phenomenon often do not realize （ ） paperbound.问题1选项A.that the dime novels of the 1860s wereB.that the dime novels were of the 1860sC.there were dime novels of the 1860s whichD.that th

4、e dime novels of the 1860s which were【答案】A【解析】语法题。根据动词realize和选项，可知空格中应填入宾语从句。因为there不能充当宾语引导词，选项C可排除。根据选项的宾语从句句子结构，可知宾语从句为主系表结构，主语为the dime novels of the 1860s，were paperbound为谓语部分。句意：认为平装本出版是最近的一种事物的人往往没有意识到19世纪60年代的廉价小说就是平装书。选项A符合题意。4.单选题Their success in increasing the market share resulted from

5、their break-through in（ ）of the product configuration.问题1选项A.qualityB.stereotypeC.adsD.maintenance【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项quality“品质、质量”；B选项stereotype“老套、成见”；C选项ads“广告”；D选项maintenance“维持、保养”，句意为：他们之所以能成功地提高市场份额，是因为他们在产品配置的质量上取得了突破。quality“品质、质量”符合题意，因此选A。5.单选题The fate of ancient mansion is sealed since t

6、he mayor has decided: “ （ ）this house will be pulled down by the First of October.”问题1选项A.What may comeB.Come what mayC.May what comeD.Come may what【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。come what may “无论如何”。句意：古宅的命运是注定了的，自从市长决定无论怎样，这栋房子将在十月一号被推倒。选项B符合题意。6.单选题The centipede has poison claws on the first segment of its body

7、 （ ） to defend itself and to kill its prey.问题1选项A.and these usesB.also uses theseC.these also usedD.and uses these【答案】D【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知句子的主语为The centipede，谓语是由and连接的两个并列谓语，has和uses为句子的谓语部分。句意：蜈蚣身体的第一节有毒爪，用来自我保护和杀死猎物。选项D符合题意。7.单选题The shop assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was

8、of（ ）quality, hed tell them so.问题1选项A.humbleB.inferiorC.minorD.awkward【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项humble“谦逊的、简陋的”；B选项inferior“差的、自卑的”；C选项minor“较小的、次要的”；D选项awkward“尴尬的、笨拙的”，句意为：那个店员对顾客很坦率。如果商品质量低劣，他就会把它们换掉。inferior quality为次等质量的意思，因此选项B符合题意。8.单选题The importance of（ ）can never be neglected when it comes to ful

9、filling ones military missions.问题1选项A.popularityB.peculiarityC.punctualityD.potentiality【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项popularity“受欢迎的、名气”；B选项peculiarity“特质、特性”；C选项punctuality“准时、守时”；D选项potentiality“潜能、潜力”，句意为：在完成军事任务时，守时的重要性是不可忽视的。punctuality“准时、守时”符合题意，选项C正确。9.单选题There is currently aboard a new wave of apprec

10、iation for breadth of knowledge. Curricula at universities and colleges and programs in federal agencies extol the virtues of a broad education. For scientists who work in specialized jobs, it is a pleasure to escape in our spare time to read broadly in fields distant from our own. Some of us have m

11、ade interdisciplinary study in our occupation, which is no surprise, because much of the intellectual action in our society today lies at the interfaces between traditional disciplines. Environmental science is a good example, because it frequently requires us to be conversant in several different s

12、ciences and even some unscientific fields.Experiencing this breadth of knowledge is stimulating, but so is delving deeply into a subject. Both are wonderful experiences that are complementary practical and aesthetic ways. They are like viewing the marvelous sculpture of knowledge in two different wa

13、ys. Look at the sculpture from one perspective and you see the piece in its entirety, how its components connect to give it form, balance, and symmetry. From another viewpoint you see its detail, depth and mass. There is no need to choose between these two perspectives in art. To do so would subtrac

14、t from the totality of the figure.So it is with science. Sometimes we gaze through a subject and are reluctant to stop for too much detail. As chemists, we are fascinated by computer science or molecular genetics, but not enough to become an expert. Or we may be interested in an analytical technique

15、 but not enough to stay at its cutting edge. At other times, we become immersed in the detail of a subject and see its beauty in an entirely different way than when we browse. It is as if we penetrate the surface of the sculpture and pass through the crystal structure to the molecular level where th

16、e code for the entire structure is revealed.Unfortunately, in our zeal for breadth or depth, we often feel that it is necessary to diminish the value of the other. Specialists are sometimes ridiculed with named such as “nerd” or “technocrats”, generalists are often criticized for being too “soft” or

17、 knowing too little about any one thing. Both are ludicrous accusations that deny a part of the reality of environmental science. Let us not be divided by our passion for depth or breadth. The beauty that awaits us on either route is too precious to stifle, too wonderful to diminish by bickering.1.F

18、rom a broad education to interdisciplinary study, we can see（ ）.2.The commentator would say that the totality of the sculpture of knowledge（ ）.3.Just because we become engrossed in the detail of a subject, according to the comment, does not mean that we（ ）.4.It is commentators contention that neithe

19、r specialists nor generalist（ ）.5.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?问题1选项A.the integration of theory with practiceB.the enthusiasm for breadth of knowledgeC.the rapid division of traditional disciplinesD.the confrontation between specialists and generalists问题2选项A.is mainly

20、composed of two elementsB.presents two different points of viewC.cannot be perceived from one perspectiveD.is a whole made up of complementary elements问题3选项A.can have an understanding of itB.will develop into an expertC.will perceive its entiretyD.are interested in it问题4选项A.have zeal for the totalit

21、y of the knowledge sculptureB.represent the depth and breadth of knowledgeC.are necessarily supposed to belittle the otherD.can be qualified as environmental scientists问题5选项A.Interdisciplinary Study as Our OccupationB.Breadth and Depth of KnowledgeC.The Ways of Doing ScienceD.The Beauty of Science【答

22、案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干关键词定位到文章第一段，知识广度的兴起，让大家拥有了远离自己领域研究的快乐，也能感受到对知识广度的追求和热爱。因此B选项符合题意。2.推理判断题。由题干关键词定位到文章第二段“They are like viewing the marvelous sculpture of knowledge in two different ways”, 他们就像用两种不同的方式来欣赏这座知识的雕塑。由此可知，对于评论家来说这两种不同的方式就像是两种不同的观点。因此B选项符合题意。3.推理判断题。由题干关键词定位到文章第三段“

23、At other times, we become immersed in the detail of a subject and see its beauty in an entirely different way than when we browse. It is as if we penetrate the surface of the sculpture and pass through the crystal structure to the molecular level where the code for the entire structure is revealed”,

24、 在其他时候，我们会沉浸在一个主题的细节中，以一种与浏览完全不同的方式看到它的美。这就好像我们穿透了雕塑的表面，穿过晶体结构到达了分子水平，在那里，整个结构的密码被揭示了。由此可知，通过一个主题细节可以观察到它的美，但要认知到整体还是不够的。因此C选项符合题意。4.细节事实题。由题干关键词定位到文章最后一段“Let us not be divided by our passion for depth or breadth. The beauty that awaits us on either route is too precious to stifle, too wonderful to

25、diminish by bickering”, 让我们不要因对深度或广度的热情而分裂。在两条路线上等待我们的美丽是太珍贵而不能扼杀，太美妙而不能因争吵而减少。由此可知，不管是专家还是通才，都不应受到贬低。因此C选项符合题意。5.主旨大意题。文章内容是对知识深度和广度的探讨和研究。因此B选项符合题意。10.单选题The sale of alcohols beverages is （ ）to those above 21 in some regions.问题1选项A.confinedB.inhibitedC.obligedD.restricted【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。四个选项都有“限制”的意思，其中A选项confine暗示束缚性、限制性的或阻挠性的限制；B选项inhibit强调禁止、抑制；C选项oblige 除了“限制”外，还有“迫使”的含义，D选项restrict指限制行为、活动、事物的范围；句意是在有些地区，酒精饮料只能出售给21岁以上的成年人。所以D选项正确。