考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考前自测提分卷42(含答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Over the last fifteen years, running has become a popular （ ）for 30 million participants of all ages.问题1选项A.fantasyB.pastimeC.symposiumD.penalty【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fantasy “幻想”；pastime “消遣，娱乐”；symposium “座谈会；penalty “惩罚”。句意：在过去的三十年里

2、，跑步对于3000万名各个年龄层的参与者来说成为了一种非常受欢迎的消遣方式。选项B符合题意。2.单选题There are several landladies approved by the university who take in （ ）.问题1选项A.settlersB.lodgersC.residentsD.inhabitants【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Settler “移居者”；lodger “房客”；resident “居民”；inhabitant “居民”。句意：大学批准了几位女房东接受房客。选项B符合题意。3.单选题It is through learning t

3、hat the individual（ ） many habitual ways of reacting tosituations.问题1选项A.retainsB.gainsC.achievesD.acquires【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。retain “保持”；gain “获得”，指通过努力获得自己想要的东西；achieve “收获，获得”，指凭借长期的努力实现自己的目标；acquire “获得”，指通过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等。通过分析，选项D符合题意。4.单选题Many tourist were （ ） by the citys complicated traffic s

4、ystem.问题1选项A.degradedB.bewilderedC.evokedD.diverted【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。degrade “贬低”；bewilder “使迷惑”；evoke “引起，唤起”；divert “转移”。句意：许多游客被这复杂的交通难住了。选项B符合题意。5.单选题Green space facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that

5、 every lecture every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of green spaces in the urban environment is

6、 a first step on the right way, this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of green spaces in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one a

7、spect only, namely the recreative function of green space facilities.The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home,

8、whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and ar

9、ound home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect.The very be

10、st standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, i

11、f you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.1.According to the author, the importance of green spaces in the urban environment2.The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation has led to （ ）.3.The author suggests that the recreative

12、possibilities of greenspace should be provided4.According to the author, greenspace facilities should be designed in such a way that5.The main idea of this passage is that（ ） .问题1选项A.is still unknownB.has been fully recognizedC.is being closely studiedD.is usually neglected问题2选项A.the disproportion o

13、f recreation facilities in the neighbourhoodB.the improvement of recreative possibilities in the neighbourhoodC.relatively little attention for recreative possibilitiesD.the location of recreation facilities far from home问题3选项A.in the neighbourhood of the houseB.in the suburbsC.in special areasD.in

14、gardens and parks问题4选项A.an increasing number of recreative activities might be developedB.more and more people might have access to themC.more obligatory activities might take on a recreative aspectD.recreative activities might be brought into our homes问题5选项A.attention must be directed to the improv

15、ement of recreative possibilitiesB.better use of greenspace facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our lifeC.the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years agoD.priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3

16、题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.文章第一段at present it is generally accepted 提到关于城市绿地的功能已经被广泛接受，所以选项B符合题意。2.文章第二段提到这种理论区分造成了对远离家庭的休闲形式的失衡的关注，和对于生活区域附近的休闲场所发展的忽略（disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities

17、in the direct neighbourhood of the home），由此得出这种区分导致人们把休闲设施的重点放在离家远的区域，所以选项D符合题意。3.文章第二段so it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house 提到休闲设施应该先从离家近的地方开始，所以选项A符合题意。4.文章第二段提到the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have

18、a recreative aspect，选项C符合题意。5.文章主要讲述了如何更好地利用小区的绿地空间来增加城市居民的生活质量，选项B符合题意。6.翻译题It is simple enough to say that since books have classes- fiction, biography, poetry-we should separate them and take from each what is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. M

19、ost commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would

20、be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve, and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as poss

21、ible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist, and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting

22、to give you, something far more definite.【答案】既然书有小说、传记、诗歌之分，我们就应该把它们分类，从中吸收它们应该给予的知识。这说起来很容易。然而很少有人要求书本应该给予的知识。我们总是囫囵吞枣般去看书，要求小说必须真实，要求诗歌必须虚构，要求传记谄媚，要求历史书能加强自己的偏见。如果我们读书之前能抛开这些偏见，将会是一个好的开始。不要去强加你的想法给作者，而是要去理解他，成为他的伙伴。如果你将自己置身事外，并且从一开始就批判他，你就无法从书中获得最大的价值。但是如果你敞开心扉，那么书中精细入微的寓言和暗示便会让你从开头那些晦涩的句子中绕出来，把你带

23、到一个独特的人物面前。把自己沉浸在里面去钻研，你很快会发现，作者正向你阐述的或者是试图向你阐述的东西是一些比原来要明确得多的东西。7.单选题（ ） for your help, wed never have been able to get over the difficulties.问题1选项A.Had it notB.If it were notC.Had it not beenD.If we had not been【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。虚拟语气的从句可以省略if，采用倒装形式，选项C符合题意。8.翻译题来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往

24、会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余 5位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7 天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所待的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5 人。1990年夏天，我不顾别人劝阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。【答案】Like students fro

25、m other Asian countries, most Chinese students who come to further their study in the United States work on their studies industriously. Even on weekends, they would spend one or two days working overtime in their laboratories. Therefore, compared with their American students, they obtain more achie

26、vements. My supervisor is an Asian people. He is obsessed with alcohols and cigarettes, and has an irritable temper. However, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into what these students think about. Hence, of

27、all the students recruited into his laboratory, except for one German, the other five were all from Asia. He even put an eye-catching notice on the door of the laboratory, which read “All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 p. m. No

28、thing but work during the working hours”. This supervisor is known for his severity and harshness. During the 3 and a half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed and got their Ph. D degrees. In the summer of 1990, regardless of

29、others dissuasion, I accepted my supervisors sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit.9.单选题The children cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons（ ） slowly intothe sky.问题1选项A.floatingB.raisingC.heavingD.ascending【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。float “漂浮，浮动”；raise “提升，增加”；h

30、eave “举起”；ascend “攀登，上升”。句意：看到数百只彩色的气球缓缓升入天空，孩子们欢呼起来。选项D符合题意。10.单选题Speakers at graduation ceremonies are always among the most （ ）members of thecommunity.问题1选项A.discouragedB.dissatisfiedC.distinguishedD.disappointed【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。discouraged “气馁的”；dissatisfied “不满的”；distinguished “尊敬的”；disappointed “失望的”。句意：毕业典礼上的发言人都是团体中最受尊敬的成员。选项C符合题意。