考研考博-考博英语-苏州大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷9（附带答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-苏州大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷（附带答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题The disagreement over trade restrictions could seriously （ ）relations between the two countries.问题1选项A.tumbleB.jeopardizeC.manipulateD.intimidate【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。tumble “使摔倒，弄乱”；jeopardize “危害，危及”；manipulate “操纵，操作”；intimidat

2、e “恐吓，威胁”。句意：在贸易限制问题上的分歧可能严重危及两国之间的关系。选项B符合题意。2.单选题Some modem anthropologists hold that biological evolution （ ）not only human morphology but also human behavior.问题1选项A.has relatedB.is relatedC.is shapedD.has shaped【答案】D【解析】语法题。relate “有联系”；shape “形成，塑造”，根据句子结构，evolution和动词之间为主动关系，所以不用被动语态，选项B和C可排除。

3、句意：一些现代人类学家认为，生物进化不仅塑造了人类的形态，而且还塑造了人类的行为。选项D符合题意。3.单选题His statements today are （ ） what he said yesterday.问题1选项A.in favor withB.in contradiction withC.in contact withD.in league with【答案】B【解析】词组辨析。In favor with “受好评”；in contradiction with “与相抵触”；in contact with “与有联系”；in league with “与联合”。句意：他今天的陈述与昨

4、天的话语相抵触。选项B符合题意。4.单选题The oil price is also a big risk, mainly because the Bush （ ） appears determined to attack Iraq.问题1选项A.governmentB.administrationC.cabinetD.registration【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。government “政府”；administration “管理，行政”；cabinet “内阁”；registration “登记，注册”。句意：油价也是一个很大的风险，主要是因为布什政府似乎决意要攻打伊拉克。选项B

5、符合题意。5.翻译题No young man believes he shall ever die. There is a feeling of Eternity in youth, which makes us amends for everything. To be young is to be one of the Immortal Gods. One half of time indeed is flown- the other half remains in store for us with all its countless treasures; for there is on

6、line drawn, and we see no limit to our hopes and wishes. We make the coming age our own. “The vast, the unbounded prospect lies before us.” We look round in a new world, full of life, and motion, and ceaseless progress; and feel in ourselves all the vigor and spirit to keep pace with it, and do not

7、foresee from any present symptoms how we shall be left behind in the natural course of things, decline into old age, and drop into the grave.【答案】没有年轻人相信自己会死去。青春有一种永恒的感觉，能弥补所有的一切。年轻就像不朽之神。诚然，生命的一半已经消逝，但蕴藏着不尽财富的另一半还有所保留，因为我们始终抱着无限的希望和愿望。未来的时代完全属于我们。 “无限辽阔的远景在我们面前展现。” 我们看到四周一派新天地生机盎然，无限变换，日新月异；我们觉得自己充满

8、活力，精神饱满，与梦想并驾齐驱。而且，眼前也无任何迹象可以证明，在大自然的发展过程中，我们自己也会落后，变得变老，进入坟墓。6.单选题Every effort should contribute to the healthy development of our company, but how did they reach such a decision that may be （ ） to the companys future?问题1选项A.irrelevantB.detrimentalC.casualD.preceding【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。Irrelevant “不相干

9、的”；detrimental “有害的”；casual “随意的，偶然的”；preceding “先前的”。句意：每一项努力都应该为公司的健康发展做出贡献，但是他们是如何做出这样一个可能对公司未来不利的决定的呢?选项B符合题意。7.单选题I am very concerned that our （ ） as a great university could be （ ） if our resources fall behind those of the leading American universities.问题1选项A.pose.alteredB.state.changedC.stand

10、ing.jeopardizedD.status.reversed【答案】C【解析】词汇辨析。pose “姿势”；altered “改变的”；state “形势”；change “改变”；standing “身份”；jeopardize “危害”；status “地位，状态”；reverse “颠倒，撤销，逆反”。句意：我非常担心，如果我们的资源落后于美国一流大学，我们大学的地位可能会受到危害。选项C符合题意。8.单选题Family disruption has been suggested as a central cause of many troublesome social proble

11、ms. More than half of the dramatic increase in child poverty in the 1980s （ ） to it.问题1选项A.are contributedB.are contributableC.is attributingD.is attributable【答案】D【解析】语法题。contribute “贡献，出力”；attribute “归因于”。词组attribute to通常用于一般现在时态，选项C可排除。句意：有人认为家庭破裂是许多棘手的社会问题的主要原因。上世纪80年代，儿童贫困的急剧增加，有一半以上的问题要归因于贫困。选项

12、D符合题意。9.单选题Can electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of l

13、eukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusi

14、ve and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimateor the worst kind of paranoia.Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific r

15、eview, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a casual link” between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fieldsthose having very long wave-leng

16、thsand leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer. While the report falls short of classifying ELE fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as “a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans.”The report is no reason to panic or even to lose sleep. If there

17、is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the White House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken serious

18、ly and that much more research is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon. When an electric current passes through a wire, it generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces on surrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestio

19、n that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earths own magnetic field. The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as h

20、igh as 10 kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 millivolt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not,

21、 and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such ionizing radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control

22、 emissions.But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead

23、to cancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is for from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having biased the entire document toward proving a link, “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (elect

24、romagnetic fields) present in the environment induce or promote cancer,” the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report.” Then Pentagons concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use o

25、f some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.1. The main idea of this passage is （ ）.2. The view-point of the EPA is （ ）.3. Why did the Pentagon and White House object to the release of the report?Because（ ）4. It c

26、an be inferred from physical phenomenon （ ）.5. What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?问题1选项A.studies on the cause of cancerB.controversial view-points in the cause of cancerC.the relationship between electricity and cancerD.different ideas about the effect o

27、f electricity on cancer问题2选项A.there is casual link between electricity and cancerB.electricity really affects cancerC.controversialD.low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer问题3选项A.it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush Administration.B.every unit of the modern mil

28、itary has depended on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment.C.the Pentagons concern was understandable.D.they had different arguments.问题4选项A.the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmful.B.the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that t

29、he cells generate.C.electromagnetic field may affect health.D.only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body.问题5选项A.They are indifferent.B.They are worried very much.C.They may exercise prudent avoidance.D.They are shocked.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.主旨题。文章开篇就提出了电磁场是否会致癌这个问

30、题，并提出有研究结果表明电磁场会增加患癌的危险性。第二段公布了EPA环保署的报告，认为电磁场与癌症之间存在偶然联系。第三段说明电磁场和癌症之间的关系问题仍然广受争议，需要进一步的研究和证明。下文提出五角大楼和白宫反对电磁场致癌的说法，因为每一个军事单位都依赖于电气设备的使用。纵观全文可知文章的主题主要是关于电磁场对癌症的影响的不同观点的讨论。选项D符合题意。2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence suggests a casual link between extremely low-

31、frequency electromagnetic fieldsthose having very long wave-lengthsand leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer.”，可知EPA初步得出结论，科学证据表明，低频电磁场(波长非常长的电磁场)与白血病、淋巴瘤和脑癌之间存在偶然的联系。可判断出EPA认为电磁场和癌症之间有偶然的联系。选项A符合题意。3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一句，“There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use o

32、f some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.”，可知从巨大的陆基雷达到战舰和每架飞机内置的防御系统，现代军队几乎每个单位都会用到电子设备，由此可知他们相信电磁场不会诱发癌症。可判断出五角大楼和白宫反对公布这份报告的原因在于现代军队的每一个单位都依赖于某种电子设备的大量使用。选项B符合题意。4.推断题。根据文章第四段，“When an electric current passes

33、 through a wire, it generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces on surrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak.”，可知当电流通过导线时，它会产生一个电磁场，对周围的物体施加压力。多年来，科学家们一直否认这种力可能是有害的，主要是因为它们非

34、常微弱。可判断出从这个物理现象可知因为电磁场太弱了，所以没有害处。选项A符合题意。5.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“The report is no reason to panic or even to lose sleepBut now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.”，可知这个争论是会让人恐慌，但是现在没有人能否认，这个问题必须认真对待，需要更多的研究。可判断出人们还是会保持警惕的态度，会有意小心地避开电磁场。选项C符合题意。10.单选题Governments today play an increasingly larger role in the （ ） of welfare, economics, and education.问题1选项A.scopesB.rangesC.ranksD.domains【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。scopes “范围，领域”；ranges “量程，范围”；ranks “级别，排列”；domains “领域，域名”。句意：今天，政府在福利、经济和教育领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。选项D符合题意。