考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考前自测提分卷59(含答案详解）

《考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考前自测提分卷59(含答案详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考前自测提分卷59(含答案详解）（5页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题We must（ ）that the procedure is followed as rigidly as possible.问题1选项A.secureB.ensureC.assureD.issue【答案】B【解析】句意:我们必须确保这个程序尽可能被严格遵循。考查动词辨析。secure 保护，弄到；ensure 保证，确保，使安全； assure 保证，担保，使确信（侧重指消除某人思想上的怀疑或担心）；issue 发布。因此B符合句意。2.单选题Many

2、 functions available from modern software are quite（ ）and have a number of options.问题1选项A.flexibleB.sustainableC.accessibleD.applicable【答案】A【解析】句意:现代软件提供的许多功能非常灵活且有多种选择。考查形容词辨析。Flexible能适应新情况的,灵活的,可变动的,柔韧的;sustainable,足可支撑的, 养得起的,可持续的,;accessible ,易接近的,可进入的,可理解的,;applicable ,可适用的,可应用的。根据and后面的关键信息“h

3、ave a number of options (有多种选择)”可知A符合句意。3.单选题The new miracle of the medical world is the stem cell, a marvel of human nature in that it can become any of nearly 220 cell types that constitute the human body. It is often called a blank cell that can be programmed to become other cells. Researchers pr

4、edict that, by using stem cells, they can create organs that can be transplanted into people who desperately need them to save their lives. The most common source of stem cells is the human embryo, the initial stage of human life after a female egg is impregnated by a male sperm. In this very fact l

5、ies an ethical conundrum that has rocked both the medical and political landscape of the United States and other countries. Coupled with this is new research in cloning, which has seen some success in developing animal species without the use of normal birthing procedures. All of these areas of rese

6、arch are making quite a few people nervous about both the sources of stem cells and where the research is taking mankind.Most stem cell-containing embryos come from four different sources: fertility clinics which often store more human embryos than are needed; fetuses from unwanted pregnancies that

7、are aborted; therapeutic cloning, which is when a human egg is stimulated into an embryo-like state; and custom-fertilization in which a human egg is deliberately fertilized with sperm to create an embryo in order to harvest its stem cells. Morally many people are outraged by these sources, claiming

8、 that human life is not something that should be tampered with and created just for scientific and medical purposes. At the core of this debate is the issue of what really constitutes a human being, with one side claiming a human does not exist until born from its mother while the other side claims

9、that once egg and sperm meet, life has begun.The United States government has taken an active role in the debate and is consciously looking at the voting booth while making decisions regarding stem cell research. The government gave the go-ahead for federal spending on stem cell research but limited

10、 activity to specimens that already existed, meaning no new embryos could be created solely for stem cell research. Similar laws regarding cloning research have been proposed, including therapeutic cloning. Many universities and research centers worry that these laws may cause their best and brighte

11、st scientists to seek appointments overseas, where stem cell research is not so controversial.1. According to the first paragraph, a stem cell is unlike other cells because（ ）.2. According to the second paragraph, all of the following are sources of stein cells EXCEPT（ ）.3. According to the second p

12、aragraph, the main debate concerning stem cell sources revolves around（ ）.4. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?5.According to the third paragraph, American universities and research institutes are worried about（ ）.问

13、题1选项A.it has at least 220 different partsB.it can develop into any other cellC.it has been used to cure illnessD.it is at the center of a controversy问题2选项A.artificially impregnated womenB.human eggs that act like they are fertilizedC.embryos made for people who cannot conceiveD.the remains of unwant

14、ed babies1. （ ）.问题3选项A.how they are extracted from the sourceB.what the stem cell are used forC.the methods used to produce themD.when someone believes life begins问题4选项A.The United States government is involved in the debate on stem cells only because it is worried about the voters.B.The voters are

15、making the United States government worried about its position on stem cell research.C.The issue of stem cell research is one that United States voters are concerned aboutD.The United States governments decisions on stem cell research reflect what its voting public wants.2. （ ）.问题5选项A.not getting en

16、ough funds for stem cell researchB.losing people for better opportunities elsewhereC.having the government shut down their operationsD.having to find new sources of stem cells【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出: The new miracle of the medical world is the stem cell, a marvel of human natu

17、re in that it can become any of nearly 220 cell types that constitute the human body(医学界的新奇迹是干细胞。令人惊叹的是，它可以成为构成人体的近220种细胞中的任何一种),故选B“它能发展成任何其它的细胞”。2.细节事实题。题干问:根据第二段,以下哪项不是干细胞的来源。A:人工怀孕的女性,B:类似于已受精状的人类卵子,C:为不孕的人所做的胚胎,D:意外怀孕产出的婴儿的遗体。根据题干定位至第二段: Most stem cell-containing embryos come from fourdifferent

18、 sources: fertility clinics which often store more human embryos than are needed; fetuses from unwanted pregnancies that are aborted; therapeutic cloning, which is when a human egg is stimulated into an embryo-like state; and custom-fertilization in which a human egg is deliberately fertilized with

19、sperm to create an embryo in order to harvest its stem cells(大多数包含干细胞的胚胎来自四个不同的来源：经常储存有多余人类胚胎的产科；因意外怀孕而被流产的胎儿； 治疗性克隆（即人类卵子被刺激成胚胎状）和特定的受精（即人类卵子被故意地与精子受精来创造一个胚胎，以便获取其干细胞）),因此只有A未被提及。故选A。3.细节事实题。第二段指出: At the core of this debate is the issue of what really constitutes a human being, with one side claim

20、ing a human does not exist until born from its mother while the other side claims that once egg and sperm meet, life has begun(这场争论的中心是什么真正地构成了人类，一方的人宣称直到从母亲身体生出来之后，人才真正存在，然而另一方的人却宣称一旦卵子和精子结合生命就开始了)。故选D“人们认为生命是从何吋开始”。4.判断推理题。最后一段划线句句意为:美国政府己积极参与这场争论，在做有关干细胞研究的决定吋正有意识地看着投票站。由此可知D项“美国政府有关干细胞研究的决定反映出其投

21、票的公众的需求”正确。5.细节事实题。最后一段指出: Many universities and research centers worry that these laws may cause their best and brightest scientists to seek appointments overseas, where stem cell research is not so controversial(很多大学和研究中心担心，这些法律可能导致它们优秀和最杰出的科学家们前往干细胞研究没有如此有争议的海外寻求职位)。由此可知B“因海外更好的机会而流失人才”正确。4.单选题Th

22、e thieves fled with the local police close on their（ ）.问题1选项A.backsB.necksC.toesD.heels【答案】D【解析】句意:逃跑的小偷后面紧跟着当地的警察。考查固定搭配。on （at） ones heels 紧跟某人后面。5.单选题I recommend that the planning（ ）until all the materials have been supplied.问题1选项A.is not startedB.will not be startedC.not be startedD.is not to be

23、 started【答案】C【解析】句意:我建议应该在所有的材料己被提供后才启动这个计划。语法题。考查虚拟语气。句子谓语为recommend,表示要求建议,这类动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气: (should) +原形动词，且should 般会省略,故选C。6.单选题The selfish people are mainly（ ）with what they can personally get out of the organization.问题1选项A.imperviousB.concernedC.scandalousD.suspicious【答案】B【解析】句意:自私的人主要关心自己个人

24、能从组织中得到什么东西。考查形容词辨析。impervious 不受影响的，无动于衷的，不能渗透的；concerned 有关的，关心的；scandalous 可耻的；suspicious 可疑的，怀疑的，多疑的。Be concerned with 关心。故选B。7.单选题If you want this pain-killer, youll have to ask the doctor for a（ ）.问题1选项A.receiptB.recipeC.subscriptionD.prescription【答案】D【解析】句意:如果你想要这个止疼药，你将不得不向医生要一个药方。考查名词辨析。rec

25、eipt收据，收条，接收，收到;recipe食谱，秘诀;subscription 捐献，订阅，签署；prescription 药方，指示，惯例。根据前半句句意“如果你想要这个止疼药”可知D符合句意。8.单选题The son of the president emerged（ ）from the court after all the charges against him were dropped because of a lack of evidence.问题1选项A.downheartedB.unfavorableC.despicableD.triumphant【答案】D【解析】句意:在所

26、有指控因缺乏证据而被撤销后,总统的儿子得意洋洋地从法庭走了出来。考查形容词辨析。downhearted 没精打采的，垂头丧气的;unfavorable不宜的，令人不快的，不顺利的；despicable 可耻的；triumphant成功的，得意洋详的。因此D符合句意。9.单选题African-American women poets also（ ）to the literary achievement of the Harlem Renaissance, particularly in their articulation of race, class and gender issues.问题1

27、选项A.contributedB.approachedC.adaptedD.elevated【答案】A【解析】句意:非裔美国女性诗人也对哈莱姆文艺复兴吋期的文学成就做出了贡献，尤其是她们在种族、阶级和性别问题上的表达。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。contribute贡献，出力，投稿，捐献；approach接近，着手处理； adapt使适应，改编；elevate提升，维起，振奋情绪等。10.单选题The job of a student accommodation officer（ ）a great many visits to landladies.问题1选项A.concernsB.offersC.asksD.involves【答案】D【解析】句意:学生宿管的工作包含多次拜访女房东。考查动词辨析。concern 涉及，关系到，使担心；offer 提供，出价；ask 询问，要求；involve 包含，牵涉，使陷于。前面句意“学生宿管的工作”跟后面句意“多次拜访女房东”是包含关系。故选D。