考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考前自测提分卷72(含答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题I was（ ） by their kindness and moved to tears.问题1选项A.preoccupiedB.embarrassedC.overwhelmedD.counseled【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。preoccupied“全神贯注的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”； overwhelmed“被压倒的，被淹没的，使非常激动”；counseled“建议，劝告”。句意：他们的好意使我感动地流下了眼泪。C项符合题意。2.单

2、选题It was（ ） that the restaurant discriminated against black customers.问题1选项A.addictedB.allegedC.assaultedD.ascribed【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。addict“上瘾的”；allege“宣称，断言”；assault“攻击，袭击”；ascribe“归因于，归咎于”。句意：据称，这家饭店歧视黑人顾客。B项符合题意。3.单选题After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no（ ） to go to the party wit

3、h us.问题1选项A.tasteB.moodC.senseD.emotion【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。in no mood to do sth“没心情做某事”。句意：工作一整天之后，他很疲劳以至于他没有心情跟我们去参加聚会。故B项正确。4.单选题Mark often attempts to escape（ ）whenever he breaks traffic regulations.问题1选项A.having been finedB.to be finedC.to have been finedD.being fined【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。首先，escape后面接动名词d

4、oing，由此可首先排除选项C和选项B；再根据句意“每当马克违反交通规则时，他总是试图逃避罚款。”这里表示的是被动语态，并不涉及完成时，所以选项D正确。5.单选题In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be up to one-fifth the total （ ） for living expenses.问题1选项A.acceptableB.availableC.advisableD.applicable【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。acceptable“可接受的”；available“可获得的，可得

5、到的”；advisable“明智的，可取的”；applicable“可适用的，可应用的”。句意：大体上，学生的房租支出最多只能占可多得的生活总费用的五分之一。B项符合题意。6.单选题She opened the packet and emptied the（ ）into a saucepan.问题1选项A.fullnessB.containerC.refillsD.contents【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项fullness“充满，丰富”；B选项container“容器”；C选项refills“再装满”；D选项contents“内容”。根据句意“她打开袋子，把里面的东西倒进了锅里。”

6、只有选项D最符合语境。7.单选题For professional athletes,（ ）to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history book.问题1选项A.accessB.attachmentC.appealD.approach【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。access“通道，进入，机会”；attachment“附件，依恋”；appeal“呼吁，恳求”；approach“方法，方式”。句意：对于专业的运动员来说，有机会进去奥林匹克意味着他们有机会进去历史书。A项符合题意。8.单选题Tom was hi

7、ghly（ ）teacher who took his duties seriously but he had neither the personality nor ability to achieve much success.问题1选项A.conscientiousB.efficientC.capableD.talented【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项conscientious“认真的，尽责的”；B选项efficient“有效率的”；C选项capable“有能力的”；D选项talented“有才能的”。分析句子可知，who后面引导的定语从句修饰teacher，根据填空处也应该

8、填入一个形容词来修饰teacher，由此可知，填空处单词应与定语从句表达的意思相近，took his duties seriously指的是“尽职尽责的”，选项A与之意思最接近，所以正确。9.单选题When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your s

9、ociety, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison, and you can successfully drop out in grade school.Get a college degree,

10、 if possible. With a B. A, you are on the launching pad. But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a masters degree, make sure it is an M. B. A. and is famous law of diminishing returns begins to take effect.Do you know, for instance, that long-haul truck drivers earn more per ye

11、ar than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24,000, while the full professors managed to earn just $23,030.A Ph. D. is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industr

12、ial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph. D. s unemployed or underemployed in this country than in any other part of the world.If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political scie

13、nce or languages or worst of all in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on tables, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. The

14、y may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the doorkeeper earns.You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of

15、a profit on you.1.According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who（ ） .2.Many Ph. D s are out of a job because（ ）.3.The nation is only interested in people（ ）.4.Which of the following is Not true?5.The writer sees education as（ ）.问题1选项A.will not be a disgrace

16、to societyB.will become loyal citizensC.can take care of themselvesD.can meet the nations demands as a source of manpower问题2选项A.they are improperly educatedB.they are of little commercial value to their societyC.there are fewer jobs in high schoolsD.they prefer easier jobs that make more money问题3选项A

17、.with diplomasB.who specialize in physics and chemistryC.who are valuable to the gross national productD.both A and C问题4选项A.Bernard Shaw didnt finish high school, nor did Edison.B.One must think carefully before pursuing a master degree.C.The higher your education level, the more money youll earn.D.

18、If you are too well-educated, youll be over-educated for societys demands.问题5选项A.a means of providing job security and financial security and a means of meeting a countrys demands for technical workersB.a way to broaden ones horizonsC.more important than finding a jobD.an opportunity that everyone s

19、hould have【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段最后一句“What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society. 他们真正的意思是获得足够的教育来为社会提供人力资源，而不是证明你在社会中的尴尬。”也就是说，社会希望教育能够转向培养出作为人力资源来满足国家需要的人才。选项D符合原

20、文。2.判断推理题。根据原文最后一段的内容“你只能到目前为止把收入水平与教育水平等同起来。也就是说，要让你对国民生产总值有用，但又不能让任何人从你身上赚取太多利润。”由此可知，很多博士生失业，正是因为对社会没有什么商业价值，所以选项B正确。3.细节事实题。本题的答案定位也是在原文最后一个自然段。根据上一题可知，国家只对那些国民生产总值有价值的人感兴趣。所以选项C正确。4.细节事实题。根据第四段第一句“Do you know, for instance, that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? 比

21、如说，你知道吗?长途卡车司机的年收入比全职教授要高。”由此可知，并不是教育水平越高，赚的钱就越多。所以选项C不正确。5.判断推理题。原文第一自然段提及“当你的父母建议你接受教育以提高你的收入时，他们只告诉了你一半的真相。他们真正的意思是获得足够的教育来为社会提供人力资源，而不是证明你在社会中的尴尬。”也就是说，作者认为教育不仅仅是一种提供工作保障和财政保障的手段，也是一种满足国家对技术工人需求的手段，所以选项A符合原文。10.单选题“Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their soci

22、ety is based on family life, they are thinking of “family” in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent familyhence the tr

23、emendous importance of marriage in British life.For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving ones parents and starting ones own life. The mans first duty will then be to his wife, and the wifes to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the runni

24、ng of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wifes parents nor the husbands, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with themthey are their own masters.Readers of novels like Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice

25、 will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families was arranged by the girls parents, that is, it was the parents, duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her. Until

26、that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry （嫁妆）. It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become fi

27、nancially independent before their marriage. This has had two results: a girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.1.What does the author mean by “Family is of course an elastic word”？2.For an English family, the husbands duty is（ ）.3.Everything is decided in a family（ ）.4.What is true con

28、cerning the book Pride and Prejudice?5.With regard to marriage in Britain, present-day girls differ from former time girls in（ ）.问题1选项A.Different families have different ways of life.B.Different definitions could be given to the word.C.Different nations have different families.D.Different times prod

29、uce different families.问题2选项A.supporting the family while the wife is financialB.defending the family while the wife is running the homeC.financial while the wife is running the homeD.independent while the wife is dependent问题3选项A.by the coupleB.with the help of their parentsC.by brothers and sisters

30、D.with the help of aunts and uncles问题4选项A.It is the best book on marriage.B.It is a handbook of marriage.C.It gives quite some idea of English social life in the past.D.It provides a lot of information of former time wealthy families.问题5选项A.the right to marryB.more parental supportC.choosing husband

31、sD.social position【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D第5题:C【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。由第一段“Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of “family” in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alon

32、e in their own house as an economic and social unit. “家庭”当然是一个有弹性的词。但是，当英国人说他们的社会是建立在家庭生活的基础上时，他们所想到的“家庭”是一种狭隘的、具有欧洲特色的意识，即母亲、父亲和孩子作为一个经济和社会单位独自生活在自己的房子里。”可知英国人对于家庭的定义比较狭隘，因此第一句提到的“家庭是一个有弹性的词”说的是家庭可以由许多不同的定义。故B项正确。2.细节事实题。由第二段“He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for th

33、e running of the new home. 他将完全负责她的经济支持，而她将负责组建新家。”可知在英国家庭，丈夫的职责是挣钱养家。故C项正确。3.推理判断题。由第二段“Neither the wifes parents nor the husbands, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with themthey are their own masters. 妻子的父母、丈夫的父母、兄弟姐妹、叔叔阿姨都没有权利干涉他们他们是自己的主人。”可知家庭的一切都是由夫妻做主

34、。故A项正确。4.推理判断题。由最后一段“Readers of novels like Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families was arranged by the girls parents, 读过简奥斯汀的傲慢与偏见等小说的人都知道，在过去，富裕家庭的婚姻都是由女孩的父母包办的”可知这本书主要讲述了富裕家庭的女孩的婚姻故事。故D项正确。5.细节事实题。由最后一段“Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results: a girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry. 今天的大多数女孩在离开学校后就找到了工作，在结婚前就在经济上独立了。这导致了两个结果：女孩选择自己的丈夫，而她得不到嫁妆。”可知当今的女性经济独立了，能够自己选择丈夫，故C项正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题: