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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-合肥工业大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题It has been estimated that about one fifth to one third of the worlds farmable topsoil is being eroded at a rate that will seriously undermine future productivity.问题1选项A.stimulateB.weakenC.determineD.harness【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。undermi
2、ne表示“破坏，削弱”；A项stimulate“刺激，鼓舞，激励”，B项weaken“减少，使变弱”，C项determine“决定，确定，判定”，D项harness“治理，利用”。句意：据估计，世界上大约五分之一到三分之一的可耕种表土正在被侵蚀，其速度将严重削弱未来的生产力。因此，根据句意可知B选项正确。2.单选题In the IT industry, some think of Bill Gates as a monster while others _ him as a living god.问题1选项A.extricateB.disparageC.emulateD.revere【答案】D
3、【解析】考查动词辨析。A项extricate“使解脱，解救”，B项disparage“贬低，抨击，诋毁”，C项emulate“仿真，模仿，尽力赶上”，D项revere“敬畏，尊敬，崇敬”。由while“然而”和as a monster“一个怪物”以及as a living god“活着的神”可知，前后语义是相反的，那么空格处填入“尊敬”符合句意。句意：在IT行业，一些人认为比尔盖茨是一个怪物，而另一些人则把他尊为活着的神。因此，该题选择D项正确。3.单选题Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances
4、 near it, and this _ produces artificial cold surrounding it.问题1选项A.absorptionB.disseminationC.assimilationD.interaction【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A项absorption“吸收，全神贯注，专心致志”，B项dissemination“ 宣传，散播，传染（病毒）”，C项assimilation“同化，吸收”，D项interaction“相互作用，相互影响，交流”。根据water takes in heat from all substances near it“水从它附近的
5、所有物质中吸收热量”可知，absorption符合语境。句意：水在从固体变成液体的过程中，会从周围所有物质吸收热量，而这种吸收会在周围产生人造的寒冷。因此，该题选择A项正确。4.单选题We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy cant absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointing graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army
6、 of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.问题1选项A.go to collegeB.an army ofC.disappointing graduatesD.either【答案】C【解析】考查形容词的使用。disappointing是形容词，表示“令人失望的”，一般用于事物给人的感觉，修饰是事物，这里修饰的名词是graduates（毕业生），该处应该要表示“感到失望的毕业生”，所以要用disappointed（感到失望的）。句意：我们被告知，年轻人必须上大学，因为我们的经济无法吸纳大批未经训练的18岁青年。但失望的毕业生们发现，它也无法再吸收大批训练有
7、素的22岁年轻人。因此，该题选择C项。5.单选题_ Steve said: “I will be coming back and if conditions do not worsen so unexpectedly I hope to meet you again.”问题1选项A.CrypticallyB.DeservedlyC.ExceedinglyD.Excessively【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。A项cryptically“隐秘地，意义含糊地”，B项deservedly“理所当然地，应得报酬地”，C项exceedingly“非常，极其，极度地”，D项excessively“过分地
8、，极度”。由双引号内的句意“我会回来的，如果情况不会如此出乎意料地恶化，我希望能再次见到你”可知，四个选项中把A项代入进去最符合句子的语境。句意：史蒂夫含糊其词地说：“我会回来的，如果情况不会如此出乎意料地恶化，我希望能再次见到你。”因此，该题选择A项正确。6.单选题Money wages, interest rates and tax payments have all been adjusted to _ the 10 percent rise in the average level of prices.问题1选项A.mingle withB.pick upC.tuck inD.allo
9、w for【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A项mingle with“和混合”，B项pick up“捡起，获得，收拾”，C项tuck in“紧缩，塞入，尽情地吃”，D项allow for“考虑到，虑及”。由Money wages, interest rates and tax payments have all been adjusted“货币工资、利率和税收都进行了调整”和the 10 percent rise in the average level of prices“平均价格水平10%的增长”可知，“获得”符合语境。句意：货币工资、利率和税收都进行了调整，以加快平均价格水平10%的增长
10、。因此，该题选择B项正确。7.单选题The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever _ real happiness.问题1选项A.retardingB.perusingC.detainingD.attaining【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A项retard“延迟，阻止，妨碍”，B项peruse“详细考察，精读”，C项detain“拘留，留住，耽搁”，D项attain“达到，实现，获得”。由a
11、 fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness“充满乐趣、没有痛苦的生活等于幸福”，结合actually“实际上”可知，reduces their chances of ever _ real happiness表示“减少获得真正幸福的机会”符合语境。句意：人们相信充满乐趣、没有痛苦的生活就等于幸福，这实际上减少了他们获得真正幸福的机会。因此，该题选择D项正确。8.单选题The large amounts of personal data floating around in society today leaves individuals open
12、to having their privacy to be violated, sometimes with serious consequences.问题1选项A.floating aroundB.leavesC.be violatedD.with【答案】B【解析】考查单复数。The large amounts of跟名词做主语，谓语动词要用复数。句意：当今社会中大量的个人信息使个人隐私很容易受到侵犯，有时会带来严重的后果。因此，该题选择B项。9.翻译题Even without these protections, individuals can act to protect their o
13、wn privacy. In some cases, market forces can create incentives for companies to protect privacy if consumers consistently call for such protection. Consumers should study a companys privacy policy in its promotional literature. If such a policy is weak or nonexistent, it is reasonable to assume that
14、 the company uses any personal information it captures in every way it legally can.Consumers can also protect their privacy when faced with what they consider excessive requests for information by asking why the information is pertinent or by refusing to answer the questions. Finally, individuals ca
15、n take initiative by informing other citizens about specific privacy problems. Many threats to privacy remain unpublicized simply because there are too many of them for existing privacy advocates to track. Even simple research on an unpublicized privacy problem can have an impact when submitted to a
16、 relevant Internet forum, watchdog group, or media outlet.【答案】即使没有这些保护措施，个人也可以采取行动保护自己的隐私。有时候，如果消费者一直呼吁隐私保护的话，市场力量可以为公司进行隐私保护而创造动机。消费者应该在公司的宣传推广资料中研究隐私权政策。如果这种政策不中用或者不存在的话，那么公司使用任何从合法渠道获取的个人信息会被认为是合理的。当面对他们所认为的过分的信息要求时，消费者也可以通过询问信息为什么是相关的或者拒绝回答问题，以进行隐私保护。最后，个人可以通过告知其他公民关于具体的隐私问题来采取主动权。许多对隐私的威胁没有公开仅仅
17、是因为对于目前的隐私提倡者来说，其中有太多隐私威胁需要追踪了。当提交给相关网络论坛、监察组织或者媒体时，甚至有关未公开的隐私问题的简单研究都能产生影响。10.单选题He was an hour late, but he _ himself in her eyes by giving her a huge bunch of flowers.问题1选项A.harassedB.redeemedC.crucifiedD.pestered【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项harass“骚扰，（使）困扰（或烦恼）”，B项redeem“赎回，挽回，兑换”，C项crucify“折磨，十字架上钉死，克制”，D项pester“纠缠，烦扰，使烦恼”。根据but可知前后语义是转折的关系，由He was an hour late“他迟到了一个小时”可知，but he _ himself fin her eyes应该表示“挽回自己的形象”符合语境，redeem oneself表示“挽回声誉、形象，自赎”。句意：他迟到了一个小时，但他送了她一大束花，在她眼里挽回了自己的形象。因此，该题选择B项正确。
考研考博-考博英语-合肥工业大学考前自测提分卷45(含答案详解）
