考研考博-考博英语-浙江大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷9（附带答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-浙江大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷（附带答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious（1） to how they can best（2） such changes. Growing bodies need movement and（3）, bu

2、t not just in ways that emphasize competition. （4）they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the（5）that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are（6）by others. How

3、ever, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be（7）to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, （8）, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, （9）student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of

4、 small clubs can provide （10）opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful（11）dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the（12）of some kind of organization with a supportive adult（13）visible in the background.In these activities, i

5、t is important to remember that the young teens have（14）attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized（15）participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to（16）else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants（17）. This does not mean that adults

6、must accept irresponsibility. （18）they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by（19）for roles that are within thei（20）and their attention spans and by shaving clearly stated rules.问题1选项A.thoughtB.ideaC.opinionD.advice问题2选项A.strengthenB.accommodateC.stimulateD.enhance问题3选项A.careB.nutritionC.

7、exerciseD.leisure问题4选项A.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.Because问题5选项A.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidenceD.tolerance问题6选项A.claimedB.admiredC.ignoredD.surpassed问题7选项A.improperB.riskyC.fairD.wise问题8选项A.in effectB.as a resultC.for exampleD.in a sense问题9选项A.displayingB.describingC.creatingD.exchanging问题10选项A.durabl

8、eB.excessiveC.surplusD.multiple问题11选项A.groupB.individualC.personnelD.corporation问题12选项A.consentB.insuranceC.admissionD.security问题13选项A.particularlyB.barelyC.definitelyD.rarely问题14选项A.similarB.longC.differentD.short问题15选项A.if onlyB.now thatC.so thatD.even if问题16选项A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.some

9、thing问题17选项A.offB.downC.outD.alone问题18选项A.On the contraryB.On the averageC.On the wholeD.On the other hand问题19选项A.makingB.standingC.planningD.taking问题20选项A.capabilitiesB.responsibilitiesC.proficiencyD.efficiency【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:C第6题:B第7题:D第8题:C第9题:A第10题:D第11题:A第12题:D第13题:B第14题:D第15题:C第16题

10、:D第17题:B第18题:A第19题:C第20题:A【解析】（1）give serious thought to为常用搭配，意为认真考虑。（2）根据原文句意，教师应该关注的是如何能够使他们（青少年）很好地适应这些变化。选项B符合句意。（3）and连接并列句，前后意思相近。所以选项C更符合原文。句意：成长中的身体需要运动和锻炼。（4）根据句意，青少年正在适应新的身体状况，面临着心智和情感方面的诸多挑战，他们的自我意识很强。显然这之间不是条件或转折关系，而是一个因果关系。because表示原因，引导原因状语从句。（5）根据原文，获得成功之后，我们常常得到的是信心，所以选项C正确。（6）claime

11、d索取，主张；admired羡慕，赞美；ignored忽视；surpassed超过。句意：青少年需要自信，自信来自成功，也来自知道他们的成绩受到别人的赞美。选项B符合句意。（7）根据原文：然而，青少年的生活本身就已经充满了这么多的竞争，那么，安排胜者多败者少的活动将会是明智的，因为这能提高他们的自信心。所以选项D符合原文。（8）根据下文可以推断是对胜者多败者少这个活动进行具体的例证，所以选项C正确。in a sense在某种意义上，不符合原文。（9）考查动宾搭配。展览学生的作品。选项A正确。（10）durable耐用的，持久的；excessive过分的，过度的；surplus过剩的；multi

12、ple多种多样的。根据原文，各种各样的小型俱乐部可以提供多种多样的机会。选项D符合句意。（11）根据前面的club可知，这里应该为团体活动。选项A符合原文。（12）根据原文句意：交朋友对青少年非常重要，许多腼腆的学生都需要某种团体所提供的安全感。选项D符合原文。（13）来自于背后的支持，那么就是几乎看不见的。用barely修饰，表示几乎不。选项B符合句意。（14）根据下文的“participants can remain active as long as they want.”使参与者能保持活跃的心态，由此推断，青少年的注意力很短。选项D符合原文。（15）根据原文：应该组织各种各样的活动，以

13、便让参与者能尽可能长时间地保持活跃。So that表目的，符合原文。（16）anything用于疑问句和否定句中；something else别的事情。根据原文：应该组织各种各样的活动，以便让参与者保持活跃，然后转而参与其他活动。选项D正确。（17）let off放下，宽恕；let sb. down为固定搭配，意为使沮丧；let out泄露；let alone听任，不打扰。句意：既不会让他们感到内疚，又不会让别的参与者失望。B选项符合原文。（18）On the contrary相反；On the average平均来说，一般地；On the whole总的来说，大体上；On the other

14、 hand另一方面。根据上下文：这并不意味着成年人不负责任，（ ），他们可以帮助学生获得一种责任感。两句形成对比，选项A正确。（19）根据原文：他们可以通过角色帮助学生获得一种责任感。 make for 向方向走；stand for 代表，表示；plan for 为做计划，在这里指策划创造一些（合适的）角色；take for 误以为，把看作选项C符合原文。（20）roles that are within their capabilities指“他们力所能及的任务”。2.单选题The Adult Vocational College is an opportunity to gain the

15、right qualifications for various careers, for it offers an（ ） range of subjects and courses.问题1选项A.additionalB.excessiveC.adequateD.extensive【答案】D【解析】additional附加的，额外的； excessive过度的，过分的；adequate充足的，适当的；extensive广阔的，广泛的，宽广的。句意：成人职业学院是一个获得各种职业资格的机会，因为它提供广泛的科目和课程。根据后面的range可知，选项D符合句意。3.单选题The local peo

16、ple were joyfully surprised to find the prices of vegetables no longer（ ）according to the weather.问题1选项A.evaluatedB.convertedC.fluctuatedD.modified【答案】C【解析】evaluated评估，估价；converted转变，改变； fluctuated波动；modified修改。句意：当地人发现蔬菜的价格不再随天气而波动，感到非常高兴和惊讶。选项C符合句意。4.单选题The belief that the universe is improving an

17、d that good will （ ） triumph over evil prevails.问题1选项A.ultimatelyB.conclusivelyC.feasiblyD.terminally【答案】A【解析】ultimately最后，根本，基本上； conclusively 最后地，决定性地； feasibly可行地； terminally最后，在末端，致命地。句意：宇宙正在进步，正义终将战胜邪恶的信念盛行。选项A符合句意。5.单选题During the races there were two accidents to motor-cyclists including one（

18、）accident.问题1选项A.fatalB.killingC.deadlyD.deathly【答案】A【解析】近义词辨析。fatal致命的，一般指不可避免的；killing杀害的；deadly指能致命或实际已致命的事物，也可指企图使他人致死的人；deathly死一般的。句意：在比赛中摩托车手发生了两起事故，包括一起致命事故。选项A正确。6.单选题Is this happening in your neighborhood? Children, notebook computers stuck under their arms, await the yellow bus for the tr

19、ip to middle school. On the surface, the question of computers in schools is a no-brainer. It would be strange to insist that todays technology shouldnt be used to make the classroom experience more individualized, more effective, more immediate, more exciting. Computers have been in schools more th

20、an 20 years and probably even done some good.But the idea of a personal computer as a necessary daily tool for every American grammar school pupil is altogether different thing. Beware the superficially attractive vision of 10-year-olds doing most of their work and homework on a computer. It is anot

21、her illusory silver bullet that promises to solve all of societys ills through technology. Regardless of whether parents or taxpayers buy the machinery, its bad policy.Determining the proper role of computers in schools is too important to be left to computer suppliers and educators. An educated pub

22、lic with clear and realistic expectations needs to help determine the right track for technology.Educators forever seem to seek the ultimate in curricular or teaching tools They are always preoccupied with innovation junior high school, new math, whole language, open classrooms, and mastery learning

23、, to name a few. Some ideas turned out well and over time have earned permanent positions in our education systems. Other reflected change for changes sake and wound up in the trash bin, where they belong.Exactly what is to be solved with computers in schools? Are we looking to improve instructional

24、 capacity and flexibility? Are we trying to make teachers and aids more productive by letting students take advantage of programmed learning tools? This all sounds good, and much has been accomplished with computer-assisted instruction.But thats not the same as making the computer a symbol of well-t

25、empered educational policy. Theres danger in the message that a child is not fully educated if he or she cant surf the World Wide Wed skillfully, move around in Windows or the Founder, use a word processing program, or program in Logo or Basic.These skills can be learned outside the classroom. Worse

26、, the time it takes students to acquire them is time stolen from the legitimate teaching schedule and thats a bad trade.And what kind of computers should be purchased? Were not talking brand names. Most school systems dont have the money to replace PCs or Macs on the two-to-three-year cycle that shi

27、fting technologies demand. On the other hand, $2500the cost of just one computerinvested in books for the school library produces an asset that has, shall we say, a longer shelf life.And who changes the factory culture of schoolrooms to allow computers to be more effective? And who teaches the teach

28、ers? These are the really tough issues the ones that more hardware wont solve.Children are best served when schools contribute to shaping the solid foundations on which their future will be built. The student who can read with curiosity and understanding, who has mastered basic mathematical concepts

29、, who can evaluate ideas critically, is the one schools should aim to produce.1.A “no-brainer” in the third sentence of the first paragraph probably means（） .2.Who can determine the proper role of computers in schools?3.According to the author, teaching computer in the school classroom is bad practi

30、ce because（）.4.In the last paragraph the author implies that（）.5.The authors attitude towards the present way of teaching computers in schools is（）.问题1选项A.something that is taken for grantedB.an idea that is brainless and foolishC.a proposal that is not worthy of serious considerationD.a machine tha

31、t can never take the place of human brain问题2选项A.Computer suppliersB.Compute educateC.The educated publicD.All of the above问题3选项A.the computer is too expensive a luxury for school pupilsB.the pupils are not intelligently mature enough to master the skillsC.it takes too much time which might have been

32、 spent on regular coursesD.the pupils can learn nothing from computer-assisted instruction问题4选项A.computer skills contribute noting to a proper educationB.computer teaching is an indispensable part of an educationC.the fundamental purpose of an education is being ignoredD.teachers should be taught ho

33、w to teach computer skills问题5选项A.criticalB.objectiveC.positiveD.optimistic【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.根据关键词“no-brainer”定位到第一段，结合上下文的意思，孩子们每天带着电脑去上学，在学校允许使用计算机已经有20年了。说明计算机的使用在学校里被认为是理所当然的。选项A正确。2.根据第三段的内容可知，决定计算机在学校中应该起什么作用是一件重要的事，不能仅交由计算机供应商和教育工作者来定，公众也应该有发言权。选项D正确。3.根据第七段的内容可知，这些技能可以在课堂外学到，

34、更糟糕的是它占用了学生们花在学习上的时间。所以选项C符合原文。4.根据最后一段可知，学校的根本任务是为学生的未来打下坚实的基础，学校旨在培养的学生应是具有好奇心和理解力，能掌握数学基本概念，并能对现存的一些观念进行独立评价。言外之意，由于盲目地进行计算机教育，这些基础容易被忽视。选项C符合原文。5.很明显，本文中作者对于在课堂上教计算机是持批判态度的，文中提到了会由此带来的不良影响。所以选项A正确。7.单选题I hear many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so.

35、At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on the

36、ir own, most of them are clutching at one anothers hands for courage.They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up just by listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in thi

37、s way is that the crowd is doing it.It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisement what a teenager should have and be. And

38、 many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a greater barrier for theteenager who wants to find his or her own path.But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music inste

39、ad of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come with the people who respect you for whom you are. That

40、s the only kind of popularity that really counts.1.The main purpose of this passage is to tell（）.2.According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to be themselves, but, in fact, most of them（ ）.3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?4.The author thinks of

41、 advertisements as（）.5.During the teenage years, one should learn to（ ）.问题1选项A.readers how to be popular with people aroundB.teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselvesC.parents how to control and guide their childrenD.people how to understand and respect each other问题2选项A.have much diffic

42、ulty understanding each otherB.lack confidenceC.dare not cope with problems single-handedD.are very much afraid of getting lost问题3选项A.There is no popularity that really counts.B.What many parents are doing is in fact hindering their children from finding their own paths.C.It is not necessarily bad f

43、or a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates.D.Most teenagers are not actually rebelling.问题4选项A.originalB.influentialC.detrimentalD.authoritative问题5选项A.differ from others in as many ways as possibleB.get into the right season and become popularC.find ones real selfD.rebel against parents and

44、 the popularity wave【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.主旨归纳题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要是鼓励青少年独立自主，选项B最能概括全文。2.细节推理题。根据第一段最后一句“Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching at one anothers hands for courage.”他们中的大多数人并没有勇气自己走出去，而是紧紧抓住彼此的手寻求勇气。选项C符合原文。3.细节判断题。根据本文的最后两句“Popularity will come

45、 with the people who respect you for whom you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.”可知选项A错误。4.细节推理题。根据关键词“advertisements”定位到第三段第三句“These days every teenager can learn from the advertisement what a teenager should have and be.”现在每个青少年都可以从广告中学到一个青少年应该拥有什么和成为什么。所以作者认为广告对青少年的影响是相当大的

46、。选项B正确。detrimental不利的，有害的。5.细节推断题。根据最后一段“Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. ”可知作者是鼓励青少年找寻真正的自己。选项C符合原文。8.翻译题2013年12月份以来，中国25个省份、100多座大中城市再次遭遇雾霾侵袭。北京、上海、南京等相继沦陷为雾霾重灾区，湖北、浙江、湖南、江苏、安徽等地雾霾天创下历史纪录。国家气象局数据显示，今年以来中国平均雾霾天数已经创出52年来之最。虽然政府部门采取了工业企业关停减产的措施应对雾霾肆虐，但收效甚微，雾霾正在对人们的生活产生越来越多的负面效应：学校停课、汽车限行、高

47、速封闭。而更让有关部门尴尬的是，制造出雾霾的空气污染物来源，目前仍然是一个谜。自京津冀频繁发生雾霾起，几年过去了，对于其形成的具体原因暂无定论。大多数的专家给出答案，重污染天气形成的主要原因有二：污染物排放总量过大和不利气象条件。具体看来，长三角周边更多为化工、水泥等企业，其工业废气组成更为复杂。当然，问题的复杂性从来不是延缓解决方案的借口。在历经了京津冀地区的雾霾恐慌后，今年9月国务院出台了大气污染防治行动计划，涉及包括京津冀、长三角和珠三角在内的重点控制区的水泥、化工等六大重污染行业以及燃煤工业锅炉的新建项目。从目前学界的研究来看，PM2.5的治理绝非易事。这样的长期计划要先布局，再行动，

48、最后是对企业发力。类比国外相关案例，二十世纪四五十年代，无论是洛杉矶雾霾爆发还是伦敦雾霾事件，最后都是在政府和企业合力后，达成协议，最后以清洁空气法等法案的形式完成监督。【答案】Since December 2013, 25 provinces and more than 100 large and medium-sized cities of China once againhave hit haze. Cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing are shrouded by the heavy haze. The duration of the fogd

49、ays of Hubei, Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangsu, Anhui hits the historical record. According to the data from theNational Weather Bureau, so far this years average number of days with haze has already exceeded the pasthighest record in the previous 52 years.In order to cope with the issue haze caused, govern

50、ment had took actions such as closing down industriesand decreasing enterprises yield, but with little effect. Haze has more and more negative effects on peopleslives: class suspension, expressway closure and car restrictions. What made the authorities more embarrassedis that the sources producing t

51、he air pollutant of the haze is still a mystery.It has been several years since the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions were hit by fog haze. But no conclusionfor the specific causes of its formation has been reached. Most of the experts believe that two main reasonsattribute to the heavy pollution weathe

52、r: excessive discharge of pollutants and adverse weather conditions.Specifically, the Yangtze River delta is mainly surrounded by chemical industry, cement plants and otherenterprises. The chemical composition of industrial waste gas is more complex.Of course, the complexity of the problem will neve

53、r be the excuse for delaying the solution to problems.After being horrified by the haze of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, in this September State Council issued “AirPollution Prevention and Control Action Plan” which aims at comprehensively controlling the six heavypollution industries such as cement

54、 and chemical industry in the key controlled regions including Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, and at new projects of coal-fired boilers.According to the current academic research, its not easy to harness PM2. 5. To fulfill such long-termplan, first of all we should

55、make arrangement, then take effective action, and finally exert forces onindustries.By analogy with related cases abroad in the 40s and 50s of last century, we found that, whether it is LosAngeles haze burst or London haze event, the supervision was finally carried on in the form of the Clean AirAct

56、 with an agreement and united effort of government and enterprises.9.单选题Only in recent years（ ）begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do more good than harm.问题1选项A.people haveB.since people haveC.have peopleD.people who have【答案】C【解析】倒装结构。Only位于句首，句子需要倒装，即将助动词提前，所以选项C正确。10.单选题The brave fireman had fought for days before they managed to（ ）the forest fire.问题1选项A.put onB.put up withC.put offD.put out【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。put on穿上，上演；put up with忍受，容忍；put off推迟，扔掉，阻 止；put out熄灭，伸出。句意：勇敢的消防队员们奋战了好几天才把森林大火扑灭。选项D符合句意。