考研考博-考博英语-四川大学考前自测提分卷62(含答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-四川大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been （ ） .问题1选项A.identifiedB.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed【答案】A【解析】identified识别, 辨认;guaranteed保证;notified通知, 告知;conveyed传达。句意：尽管一些可能会导致癌症的条件已经得到

2、确认, 但最根本的原因还不知道。2.单选题Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger, he box was full of crockery, much of it （ ） .问题1选项A.breakB.to breakC.breakingD.broken【答案】D【解析】句意：除了一柄式样别致、雕有花纹的匕首外, 货箱内装满陶器, 而且大部分都已破碎。分词作状语, 花瓶应该是被打碎的, 所以用broken。3.单选题Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee

3、for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasnt surprised when this didnt make the news here in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country without such a

4、policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and oth

5、er business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “government-run personnel management” and a “dangerous precedent”. In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.As

6、Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. In her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in thei

7、r lives: there is “no exit” when it comes to children. “Society expectsand needsparents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. And society expectsand needsparents

8、to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed.”While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but ess

9、ential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern childrens welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibi

10、lity is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue to the whole of society as todays children become tomorrow, s productive citizenry. In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of

11、time and money (including lost wages) , is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefitsas they clearly dothe benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.1.What do we learn about paid family leave from the first

12、 paragraph?2.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States?3.What is Professor Anne Alstons argument for parental support?4.What does the author think of Americas large body of family laws governing childrens welfare?5.Why does the author object to classifying paren

13、ting as a personal choice?问题1选项A.America is now the only developed country without the policy.B.It has now become a hot topic in the United States.C.It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy.D.Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia.问题2选项A.The incompetence of the

14、 Democrats.B.The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C.The lack of a precedent in American history.D.The opposition from business circles.问题3选项A.The cost o raising children in the UShas been growing.B.Good parenting benefits society.C.The U. S. should keep up with other developed countries.D.Child

15、ren need continuous care.问题4选项A.They fail to ensure children, s healthy growthB.The fail to provide enough support for parentsC.They emphasize parents legal responsibilities.D.They impose the care of children on parents.问题5选项A.It is regarded as a legal obligation.B.It relies largely on social suppor

16、t.C.It generates huge social benefits.D.It is basically a social undertaking.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知，在发达国家中，只有两个国家不提供带薪照顾新生儿的假期保障。去年澳大利亚也建立了带薪探亲假，而在美国却还是没有这项政策。所以根据第一段的最后一句“I wasnt surprised.were now the only wealthy country without such a policy.”可知，选项A符合原文。2.根据关键词“work-family

17、”定位到第二段的最后一句“In fact, every step.business groups have been strongly opposed.”选项D正确。3.根据第三段的第一句“justifying parental support.must pay for.”选项B与原文描述相符。4.根据第四段“The state recognizes.parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes.”作者认为美国庞大的监管儿童福利的家庭法律不能够给父母提供足够的支持。所以选

18、项B正确。5.根据第四段的内容“To classify parenting.productive citizenry.”将养育子女归为一种个人选择，没有集体责任，这不仅仅是忽视良好养育的社会效益，实际上是在窃取这些福利。选项D这实际上是一个社会事业符合原文。4.单选题She bought a knife from the shop （ ） to peel an apple问题1选项A.whichB.with thatC.with whichD.at which【答案】C【解析】这里的先行词不是shop,所以不能直接跟关系代词。peel an apple with a knife用刀削苹果用介词

19、with, 所以排除选项A和D。介词+that不能引导定语从句。所以选项C正确。5.单选题I （ ） this soup, I （ ） pepper in it.问题1选项A.am tasting.am tastingB.am tasting.tasteC.taste. am tastingD.taste.have tasted【答案】B【解析】第一个taste是动态动词, 表示动作正在进行；第二个taste是感官动词, 用原型。 6.单选题He said it would not be all that difficult to reach a peaceful conclusion to

20、the（ ） .问题1选项A.paradoxB.dilemmaC.prejudiceD.conflict【答案】D【解析】paradox似非而是的论点，自相矛盾的话；dilemma困境，进退两难；prejudice偏见，成见；conflict冲突，争执，矛盾。句意：他说并不是所有的冲突都很难达成和平解决的共识。选项D符合句意。 7.单选题The farmer out up iron fences around the flower （ ） garden neighbors sheep should break in.问题1选项A.on condition thatB.now thatC.les

21、tD.but【答案】C【解析】on condition that如果；now that既然, 由于；lest唯恐, 以免。句意：为了防止邻居家的羊搞破坏, 农民在花园周围搭起了铁栅栏。选项C符合句意。8.单选题One of the good things for men in womens liberation is hat men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned courtesiesIn an article on the new manners, Mrs Holmes says that a perfectly able woma

22、n no longer has to act helplessly in public as if she were a model. For example, she doesnt need help getting in and out of cars. “Women get in and out of ears twenty times a day with babies and dogs. Surely the can get out by themselves at night just as easily.”She also says there is no reason why

23、a man should walk on the outside of a woman on the sidewalk. Historically, the man walked on the inside so he caught the garbage thrown out of a window. Today a man is supposed to walk on the outside. A man should walk where he wants to. So should a woman. If, out of love and respect, he actually wa

24、nts to take the blows, he should walk on the insidebecause thats where attackers are all hiding these days.As far as manners are concerned, I suppose I have always been a supporter of womens liberation. Over the years, out of a sense of respect, I imagine, I have refused to trouble women with outdat

25、ed courtesies.It is usually easier to follow rules of social behavior than to depend on ones own taste. But rules may he safely broken, of course, by those of us with the gift of natural grace. For example, when a man and a woman are led to their table in a restaurant and the waiter pulls out a chai

26、r, the woman is expected to sit in the chair. That is according to Ms. Ann Clark. I have always done it the other way, according to my life.It came up only the other night. I followed the hostess to the table, and when she pulled the chair out I sat on it, quite naturally, since it happened to be th

27、e chair I wanted to sit in.“Well,” my wife said, when the hostess had gone, “you did it again.”“Did what?” I asked, utterly confused.“Took the chair.”Actually, since Id walked through the restaurant ahead of my wife, it would have been awkward, I should think, not to have taken the chair. I had got

28、there first, after all.Also, it has always been my custom to get in a car first, and let the woman get in by herself. This is courtesy I insist on as the stronger sex, out of love and respect. In times like these, there might be attackers hidden about. It would be unsuitable to put a woman in a car

29、and then shut the door on her, leaving her at the mercy of some had fellow who might be hiding in the back seat.1.It can be concluded from the passage that_.2.Whats the authors attitude about the whole question of manners and womens liberation?3.Ms. Ann Clark would most probably agree that_.4.By say

30、ing you did it again(Para. 7), the authors wife means that_.5.Which of the following is NOT the reason why the author gets into a car before a woman?问题1选项A.it can break rules of social behaviorsB.in womens liberation men are also liberatedC.women are becoming more competent than beforeD.men should w

31、alk on the outside of a pavement问题2选项A.SeriousB.CriticalC.JokingD.Satirical问题3选项A.Ms. Holmess opinions on the new manners are justifiedB.the author is a man with the gift of natural graceC.one should follow social custom instead of his own tasteD.men and women are equal in most of the social events问

32、题4选项A.the author should have shown his politeness by pulling out the chair for herB.the author should not have sat down before she didC.the author should not have sat in the chair pulled out by the waitressD.the author should have walked behind her问题5选项A.He intends to be polite to the woman.B.He doe

33、s that by force of habit.C.He wants to protect the woman from hidden danger.D.He thinks women nowadays are as capable as men.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.根据第一段的第一句“One of the good things for men in womens liberation is that men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned courtesies”对男性来说, 妇女

34、解放带来的一个好处就是男人不用遵守尊重妇女的旧式礼节了。由此可知, 在妇女解放过程中, 男性也得到了解放, 所以选项B符合原文。2.从作者的叙述方式看, 作者在讨论举止风度以及妇女解放问题时带有调侃语气。例如, 在第四段的第二句中, 作者说, 他拒绝用一些过时的礼节来麻烦女士(事实上对女性表示礼貌恭维谈不上是“麻烦”), 而且之所以这样, 是出于一种尊敬。又如, 在第五段第二句中, 作者将自己看作是那些具有“天然风度”(natural grace)的男士, 而所谓“天然”, 却是一切顺其自然, 不受社会礼仪规范所约束。由此可以确定选项C为正确答案。3.根据关键词“Ann Clark”定位到第五

35、段的后半部分, Ann Clark认为当一名男性和一名女性被带到餐桌子前, 服务员拿出一把椅子, 坐在椅子上的应该是女性。说明Ann Clark比较赞同传统的社会行为规则, 而作者的做法恰好与其相反, 他喜欢顺着自己的意愿。所以选项C符合原文。4.根据原文内容可知, 作者坐在那把椅子上的原因是因为那个正是他想坐的椅子, 而且他是在妻子的前面到达的, 这是作者的一种习惯。所以作者的妻子认为作者不应该按照自己的习惯坐在那把椅子上, 所以选项C正确。5.根据原文最后一段内容可知, 作者比女性先上车的原因, 首先这是他的一个习惯, 其次是出于礼貌, 爱和尊重, 以及保护女性的安全避免受到潜在的袭击。只

36、有选项D不正确。9.单选题Web browsers! Interactive software! Theres a lot of new technology talk going on in public relations these days, and its coming from a variety of sources, clients,fearful that they are missing out on some mysterious “next wave” ,demand some kind of whiz-bang（尖端）demonstration of technolo

37、gy from agencies. Industry publications continuously tout the latest and greatest electronic innovations. College kids enter the marketplace aimed with computer literacy completely alien to many veteran practitioners. And in some cases, members of the media demand that information be packaged to acc

38、ommodate their particular technological preferences.Is technology now the tail wagging dog? The answer, unequivocally, is no. Technology remains what it has always been, a tool used by professionals to help them do their jobs. All of this millennium talk has produced an unnecessary level of anxiety

39、about the necessity of technological innovation一the idea that you are light-years behind unless you are light-years ahead. Relax! The foundations of good public relations remain the same: anticipating and meeting the needs of clients and the media, and providing informed and useful counsel. Solid re

40、search, strong writing skills, creativity, and an appreciation for the values of the media are the backbone of the profession, regardless of how information is packaged.Even if the speed of information transmission is increasing,high tech isnt for everyone. All clients dont need individual web pages

41、 and summaries of chat room activity. When considering applications of new technologies, consider the audiences for your client. Are they comfortable with technology? Do they have access to the distribution systems you are considering? Do they have the skills and knowledge to use these systems? Do t

42、hey navigate the web, use CD-ROM or even own a VCR?Consider the image of the company itself. The delivery system is part of the message and contributes to the overall image, so the practitioner should consider how that system affects the client, the product, and the audiences.Yes,a web page can be a

43、 cost-efficient communication tool when you consider the minimal media cost. But once its up and running,youve got to keep it fresh, and that means a continual allocation of time and specialized resources. In the hyper-speed model of communications, nothing is older than information that is both out

44、dated and on-line. And to information consumers, your web page will cease to be a source if it isnt kept current. In the last presidential election, more than one candidate had problems with their personal web pages because web masters were not kept up to date on changes in campaign strategy and mes

45、sages. The gap between what the candidate was saying and what the web page was showing became a story in itself. If youre going to have a presence on the Internet ,you have to budget for regular maintenance. Otherwise, you are putting a sign up that says “too cheap to be relevant”.1.The recent enthu

46、siasm for new technology is partly brought on by （ ） .2.What does the writer think of the recent new technology talk going on in public relations?3.The “tail wagging dog”(Para. 2) most probably means （ ） .4.According to the author, the role of new technology in public relations（ ） .5.It is implied i

47、n the last paragraph that a web page （ ） .问题1选项A.electronic innovationsB.the development of new interactive softwareC.consumers fear of being left behind the tideD.the popularization of the Web问题2选项A.It indicates a sudden realization of an oncoming radical change in public relations.B.It reminds us

48、of the fact that technology remains what it has always been.C.It is superficial and does not mean that we are ushering in a new age.D.It is a sure sign that we are missing out on some mysterious “next wave”.问题3选项A.the overwhelmingly predominant thingB.the dog that tucks its tail between its legsC.th

49、e thing to be tamed urgentlyD.the problem to be tackled at once问题4选项A.cant be too emphasized in todays worldB.is unnecessarily exaggeratedC.is not fully recognized yetD.is more important to the company than to the client问题5选项A.can usually provide the viewers with the latest informationB.is not a goo

50、d idea unless its information is updated constantlyC.may take more money to be set up and kept running than imaginedD.can find extensive applications in presidential elections【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.根据第一段“Industry publications continuously tout the latest and greatest electronic innovatio

51、ns.”行业出版商不断吹捧最新的和最伟大的电子创新。所以，人们对新技术的热情，有一部分是来源于电子创新。选项A正确。2.根据第二段第二句“The answer, unequivocally, is no. Technology remains what it has always been,a tool used by professionals to help them do their jobs.”技术一直是专业人士用来帮助他们工作的工具。选项B符合原文。3.根据第二段的内容可知，技术一直是专业人士用来帮助他们工作的工具。建立良好公共关系的基础与过去一样，依旧是：预测和满足客户和媒体的需求

52、,并提供有用的信息和建议。也就是说新技术并不是公共关系中起关键作用的主流事物。所以“tail wagging dog”指具有压倒性优势的事物，选项A正确。4.根据第二段的第五句“The foundations of good public relations remain the same: anticipating and meeting the needs of clients and the media, and providing informed and useful counsel.”建立良好公共关系的基础与过去一样，依旧是：预测和满足客户和媒体的需求,并提供有用的信息和建议。所以

53、说没必要夸大新技术在公共关系中的作用。选项B符合原文。5.根据最后一段的内容可知，网页一旦启用，就需要一直的保持新鲜感，也就是说，信息需要不断的更新。选项B符合原文。10.单选题I guess Jones didnt have a chance to win the election. Almost all of the people in the city voted for his （ ） .问题1选项A.candidateB.opponentC.alternativeD.participant【答案】B【解析】candidate候选人, 候补者；opponent对手；alternative替代者；participant参与者。句意：我认为Jones没有机会赢得选举。城里几乎所有的人都把票投给他的对手了。选项B符合句意。