考研考博-考博英语-湖南大学考前自测提分卷19(含答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-湖南大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents wishes.问题1选项A.enhancedB.revisedC.alternatedD.modified【答案】D【解析】动词辨析。句意:人们担心有些父母为了使小孩达到他们的期望而 （ ）其基因。enhance:提高，加强，增进。revise修改，校订。alternate 交替，轮流。modify 修改

2、，更改，改变。alter:改变，更改。2.翻译题France has a strong regional identity. When a Frenchman talks of ”mon pays（my country）, he is more likely to be referring to the area in which he grew up than to the nation as a whole. So Normandy（诺曼底）remains resolutely Norman. Brittany（布列塔尼）defiantly Breton, and the villages

3、 of the south decidedly contrary.And because of this local sense of being, the baker from another region beyond the hills will be regarded as much of a foreigner as the welcome visitor from overseas, clutching a guidebook. And regional pride guarantees that shopkeepers, restaurateurs and even the ol

4、d man playing petanque（滚球游戏）on a dusty village square will upgrade the welcome to any stranger if only to prove that their region is the only true France.Youll soon discover that, as much as the landscape, it is the local food that defines each region of France. Chance encounters are sometimes the b

5、est 一 coming across a strawberry fair in the north, or an olive market in the south; happening upon monks tending their vines in a walled clos（庄园）filling cupped palms and any spare bottles with mineral water in a spa-resort（温泉胜地）；or watching the morning catch spill onto a harbor quayside（码头区）.【答案】法国

6、每个区域都有其强烈的特色。当一个法国人谈起“我的国家”，他很有可能指 的是他所成长的区域，而非整个法国。因此诺曼底人一定会说起诺曼底区，布列塔尼人 会直率的指出他是来自布列塔尼区，以及所有南方地区的村庄都是如此。正因为区域意识的存在，从山的另一边的区域而来的面包师会被当地人当作手持旅 行指南的外国人，或是受欢迎的海外观光客。区域的自豪感使得店主和饭店老板，甚至 是正在满是灰尘的广场上玩滚球游戏的老人，都会增加对任何一个陌生人的欢迎程度， 只要能证明他们所在的区域才是真正的法国。你很快就会发现，和地图一样，每个地区的食物将每个地区区分开来。有时偶然碰 上的反而是最好的！比如你在北部偶遇的草莓集市

7、，或是在南部发现的橄榄集市；又比 如碰巧在围墙内的庄园中遇见僧人正在照料葡萄藤，葡萄遍布在凹陷的棕榈植物中间，或是品尝了在温泉胜地中用多余的瓶子盛的矿泉水；又比如你恰巧看到清晨在码头区打捞后的漏网之鱼。3.单选题A third of breads contain more salt than recommended under guidelines being introduced next year, a survey found.Most breads were within the current guidelines of l.lg of salt per 100g-but this

8、is being cut to lg per l00g. Campaign for Action on Salt and Health (CASH), which looked at 300 breads, said it was “outrageous” that bread contained even the current level. The Department of Health said considerable salt reductions had already been made. Manufacturers said many loaves with the lowe

9、st salt levels were supermarket brands, which were the most popular. Eating too much salt is linked to high blood pressure, which in turn increases the risk of developing heart disease.Recommended dietary salt levels vary with age. Adults are meant to have no more than 6g of salt in their diet per d

10、ay, while toddlers should have no more than 2g.Salt levels in bread have fallen by about a third over the past decade, with some falling by up to 40%. But CASH says levels are still too high, and warns there is wide variation in the amount found in loaves. Most are within half a gram of the current

11、target of l.lg of salt per l00g of bread about two hick slices. But CASH found some significantly exceeded it. CASH says consumers should look at nutrition labels, where possible, to see how much salt bread contains. But it warns fresh breads, from in-store or high-street bakeries have no nutritiona

12、l labeling, meaning people cannot tell how much salt they contain. And it said bakery breads often had higher levels than their packaged products.CASH chairman Prof. Graham MacGregor, of the Wolfs on Institute of Preventative Medicine, said: It is frankly outrageous that bread still contains so much

13、 salt. The Department of Health needs to ensure that all bread is clearly labeled and that all manufacturers reduce the salt of bread to less that the salt target of lg per l00g. It is the very high levels of salt that is hidden in everyday food, such as bread, that puts up both adults and childrens

14、 blood pressure. “Victoria Taylor, senior dietitian at the British Heart Foundation, said: We know too many people are eating too much salt each day. Some manufacturers are working towards targets for salt reduction, but we need more action to cut the salt content in bread and make sure they provide

15、 colour-coded food labels to help their customers. But Federation of Bakers director Gordon Polson said: The majority of wrapped sliced bread available already meets the 2012 targets and our members are continuing to endeavour to reduce salt by contributing to ongoing research to establish which oth

16、er means are available to reduce salt in bread. The vast majority of breads singled out in the CASH report as higher in salt are not the mainstream products produced by our members; which do produce around 80% of the nations bread in a 3 bn industry.nA Department of Health spokesman said the governm

17、ent welcomed the considerable salt reductions that bread makers had already made, and it was very pleasing that around 60% of the products met salt targets for 2012. This is an important step in helping to reduce salt intake, as well as lowering the risk of high blood pressure and resulting strokes

18、and heart disease. We look forward to seeing further reductions as more companies meet the targets,” he added.British Retail Consortium food director Andrew Opie said retailers and manufacturers are to fond independent research to look for ways of meeting the 2012 target- while still making foods wh

19、ich consumers want to buy”.1.Whats Gordon Polsons attitude toward the majority of wrapped, sliced bread available?2.According to CASH, the current salt levels of bread are （ ）.3.CASH suggests that（ ） .4.According to the passage, which of the following statements is CORRECT?5.What are the harmful eff

20、ects of too much salt according to CASH?问题1选项A.Positive.B.Critical.C.Skeptical.D.Indifferent问题2选项A.amazingly lowB.properC.too highD.considerable问题3选项A.salt levels in bread should be reduced by 40%B.the amount found in loaves should vary with breadsC.consumers should figure out how much salt bread co

21、ntainsD.only fresh breads should be labeled问题4选项A.Salt reductions are to be made.B.The loaves in supermarkets are with the lowest salt levels.C.Women can have more salt in their diet per day than men.D.Recommended dietary salt levels are different with age.问题5选项A.malnutritionB.high blood pressureC.D

22、iabetesD.chronic disease【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.推断题。根据题干关键词Gordon Polsons, wrapped, sliced bread定位至第五段: The majority of wrapped, sliced bread available already meets which do produce around 80% of the nations bread in a 3bn industry (市场上大多数包装切片面包已 经符合2012年指标，我们的成员厂家正在努力研究寻找其他可以降低含盐量的途径。绝大

23、多数在低盐与健康运动报告中被指含盐量较高的面包都不是我们的主流产品，在全国30亿英镑的面包产业中，我们生产了其中的80%的面包)。由此可知他的态度是积极的。2.细节题。第四段指出：But CASH says levels are still too high.：但是CASH认为含盐量仍然太高.因此C项正确。3.细节题。第四段：CASH says consumers should look at nutrition labels, where possible, to see how much salt bread contains. But it warns fresh breads, fro

24、m in-store or high-street bakeries have no nutritional labeling, meaning people cannot tell how much salt they contain. 低盐与健康运动建议消费者应该看看营养标签，如果可能的话，看看盐面包含有多少。但它警告说，新鲜面包，从店内或商业街面包店没有营养标签，这意味着人们无法知道他们含有多少盐。因此应选择C:消费者应当估计面包里包含多少盐。A: 面包中盐的含量应为40%。B:面包中所发现的含量会依据面包的不同而有所不同。D: 只有新鲜面包才会贴标签。此三项不符合原文。4.细节题。第二

25、段指出：.salt reductions had already been made面包中所含盐分已经减少了。由此得知，选项A:将要降低面包中所含的盐分是错误的；选项B: 超市里的面包是含盐最低的，与选项C:女性每天摄入盐量要高于男性，无从推断。第三段：Recommended dietary salt levels vary with age.对于不同的年龄段，推荐的食盐量也不同。可以得出选项D正确。5.细节题。第二段指出：Eating too much salt is linked to high blood pressure, which in turn increases the ris

26、k of developing heart disease.吃太多的盐会导致高血压，继而提高心脏病的发病率。由此得知，选择B项:高血压。4.单选题This spacious room is（ ） furnished with just a few articles in it.问题1选项A.lightlyB.sparselyC.hardlyD.rarely【答案】B【解析】副词辨析。句意: 宽敞的房间（ ）摆着几件家具。Lightly 轻轻地; sparsely 稀疏地; hardly 几乎不, 多用于否定句, 故排除; rarely 很少地, 多用于修饰频率; 故选B。5.单选题The co

27、mputer can be programmed to（ ） a whole variety of tasks.问题1选项A.assignB.tackleC.realizeD.solve【答案】B【解析】动词辨析。句意: 计算机可以通过编程来 各种各样的任务。assign指派,分配; tackle处理; realize意识到; solve解决。故B项符合句意。6.写作题Some people think we should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for example, traveling to the m

28、oon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think we should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with? Why?【答案】Space Exploration7.单选题His work shed provocative yet necessary light on an important way to slow the spread of this virus.问题1选项A.p

29、rovisionalB.seductiveC.disturbingD.insulting【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析。句意: 他的工作就是着手放缓这种病毒的传播。provisional:临时的,暂定的。seductive:诱人的，有魅力的。disturbing：干扰的，令人不安的,骚扰的(与画线词provocative:挑衅的，煽动的，意思相近)。 insulting:侮辱的，无礼的。8.单选题Japan remains tied to the Western camp partly because the relationship has become（ ）to her economy an

30、d politics over forty years association.问题1选项A.integralB.unilateralC.rationalD.hierarchical【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析。句意: 日本依然和西方保持着关系，因为这层关系是他40年社交出来经济和政治的不可分割的一部分。integral构成整体所必需的，完整的。unilateral单边的；植单侧的；单方面的。rational合理的；理性的。 hierarchical分层的；等级体系的。9.单选题The tenant left nothing behind except some（ ） of paper, cl

31、oth, etc.问题1选项A.sheetsB.scrapsC.pagesD.slices【答案】B【解析】量词辨析。句意: 除了废纸和废布，租客什么也没有留下。Sheet 张, 块, 通常用于形容一 张纸或者一块玻璃、金属或木头等; scraps废弃的; page 页; slice (食物的)薄片。故选B。10.单选题You mustnt allow your work to become sloppy, but rather you should try to improve it.问题1选项A.fall offB.come offC.put offD.wear off【答案】A【解析】动词短语辨析。句意: 你不应该让你的工作水平下滑，而应当努力提高。、fall off:下降，降低。come off:举行，达到效果。Put off：推迟，延迟。Wear off:麿损，逐渐消逝。sloppy:马虎的，草率的，粗心的。故A与原文相符。