时态及句子种类

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1、一、动词的时态1、一般现在时：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，句中常有often, usually, sometimes, always, every day 等词。肯定句：主语+谓语（主语是第三人称单数时，谓语后+s/es）+其他部分否定句：主语+dont/doesnt+动词原形+其他部分一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他部分?回答：Yes, 主语+do/does. / No, 主语+dont/doesnt. 特殊问句：疑问词+一般问句？2、一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，句中常有yesterday, last year, in 1999 等词。 谓语动词用过去式。

2、 肯定句：主语+谓语（动词的过去式）+其他部分否定句：主语+didnt+动词原形+其他部分一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他部分? 回答：Yes, 主语+did. / No, 主语+didnt. 特殊问句：疑问词+一般问句？3、现在进行时：表示现在正在发生的动作，句中常有now, at the moment.构成：助动词be (is/am/are) + v-ing肯定句：主语+ be + v-ing +其他部分否定句：主语+ be + not + v-ing+其他部分一般疑问句：Be +主语+ v-ing +其他部分?回答：Yes, 主语+be. / No, 主语+ be + not.

3、特殊问句：疑问词+一般问句？4、一般将来时: 表示即将发生的动作，句中常有tomorrow, next year等构成：1）助动词will + 动词原形肯定句：主语+ will + 动词原形+ 其他部分否定句：主语+ will+ not + 动词原形+ 其他部分一般疑问句：Will +主语+动词原形 + 其他部分?回答：Yes, 主语+ will. / No, 主语+ wont. 特殊问句：疑问词+一般问句？2) 助动词be (is/am/are) going to + 动词原形肯定句: 主语+ be going to + 动词原形+ 其他部分否定句：主语+ be not going to +

4、 动词原形+ 其他部分一般疑问句：Be +主语+ going to + 动词原形 + 其他部分?回答： Yes, 主语+ be. / No, 主语+ be not.(常用缩写形式) 特殊问句：疑问词 + 一般问句？二、练习1. Look! He _ (play) badminton（羽毛球）.2. she_ (visit) her grandparents next week .3. He _(get) up at 6:30 every day. And now they _ (have) an English lesson.4. -What _your mother _(do)? - She

5、 _(be) a doctor.5. My brother is a driver. He _ (drive ) a taxi.6. He _ (write) 4 letters to his father every month.7. When _ your brother usually _ (go) to work?8. There _ (be) some water in the bottle.9. Yesterday I put a bottle on the table . There _ (be) some water in the bottle.10. Dont make an

6、y noise. Grandma _(sleep). 11. They _ (look) at the wonderful picture and talking about it.12. Mr. Green _ (not have ) lunch at school.13. _ (not play ) games in the classroom.14. He _(want) to get something _(eat ) for us.15. What _he _(look) like? 16. At the moment she _ (dance ).17. Sometimes he

7、_(watch) TV in the living room, but he never _(play) games in it.18.-What_ you_(do) tomorrow? -I_(watch ) TV at home.19. _ he _(do) the housework every day?20. Sandy _(not want ) _ (play) the piano every Sunday, but Sue enjoys _(have ) her piano lesson.21. I _(see) a man under the tree just now .22.

8、 She asked him _ (not play) games.23.I believe you _(do) better next time.24.His family _(be) very big and all of his family_(love) music.25.She didnt tell me which room she _(live) in.26.Listen! Who _(sing) in the classroom ?27.He _(not leave) the room until he closed the windows.28._(do) the libra

9、ry _(open) at eight oclock?29.-When _you _(see) it ? -Yesterday.30.Dont worry. He_(ring) you up as soon as he_(get) home.5、过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时期正在发生的动作。其构成：助动词be(waswere) + v-ing6. 过去完成时：助动词had +p.p（过去分词）表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。7. 过去将来时：(1) 助动词would +动词原形 (2) 助动词waswere going to +动词原形 表示说话人从过去的角度来看

10、将要发生的动作。8.现在完成时：表示动作在过去发生，对现在造成的影响，或过去发生动作一直延续到现在，有可能还要延续到将来。常与just, already, so far, once, ever, never, yet, before, for 2 years, since 1990, since 2 years ago等词或词组连用。其构成：助动词havehas + p.p注意：短暂性动词的现在完成时后面不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用，如果要跟表示一段时间的状语连用，则短暂性动词要改成延续性动词。短暂性动词改成延续性动词的方法如下： catch a coldhave a coldgo /come

11、be joinbe a member of be in leavebe away (from) beginbe on buyhave diebe dead borrowkeep fall illbe illclosebe closed openbe open marrybe married 如：The meeting has been on for an hour.会议已开始一个小时了。另外：have been to到过某地（表示现在人不在那地方） have gone to（表示现在人不在这） have been in +地点+一段时间（表示某人在某地多长时间了）如：I have been t

12、o Shanghai. 我到过上海。（现在我不在上海）He has gone to Shanghai. 他已去上海了。（现在人不在这里）Jim has been in China for 2 years . Jim在中国两年了。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，故它不能和表示过去某一时间点的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, three weeks ago, in 2006等。而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系，强调的是过去的情况，它可以和表示过去某一时间点的时间状语连用。如：1) I we

13、nt to Nanning last year. 2) I have lived here since 2001.练习： 1.-Tom, come and clean the floor. -Sorry, Mum. I _(write) an e-mail now.2.We often _(use) a recorder in our English class. But we _(not use ) it tomorrow, because there _(be) something wrong with it. We_(mend) it.3. There_(be) a class meet

14、ing every Monday afternoon. But there _(be) no class meeting this week. We_(listen) to a talk. Mr. White from Australia will come to our school and _(tell) us something about the life and work of the Australian students.4.-_ you_(see) the film? -Yes, I _. -When _you_(see) it? -Yesterday. How many ti

15、mes _you_(see) it? -Three times.5.When we _ (get) to the station, the train _(leave) already.6.He said he _(visit) you when he _(be) free.7.Yesterday I_(meet) Lao Gao in the street. We_(not see) each other since he _(leave) school.8.The doctor _(look) over the young man carefully now.9.He will look

16、for a job as soon as he_ (finish) high school.10._you _(watch) The Women World Cup Football Game yet?11.-Why_you_(not buy) any bread on your way home?-Sorry. I forgot_(take) some money with me.12.Miss Gao asked Lin Tao _(come) to the blackboard.13.I have something important _(tell) you.14.He wasnt f

17、eeling well. He had to_(stop) _(work).15.Could you show us how_(mend) a bike?16.I _(买) the pen for five days.17. The old man _(死) for two years.18.He _(离开) home since ten years ago.19.There _(be) a film tonight.20.I _(not be) late again.21.The teacher told us that the earth _(move) round the sun.22.

18、John _(leave) three days ago.23.Tom _(visit) the Great Wall if he _(have) time next week.24.I _(visit) you if it _(not rain) tomorrow.25.What _you_(do) now? I _(watch) TV.26.-Wheres Kate? -She _(go) to the library.27.The headmaster_(go) out an hour ago. He _(be ) back in ten minutes.28.Look! The bus

19、 _(come)!29.We _ never _(hear) of it before.30.I_(play) basketball at 9:00 am yesterday.31.When I _(get) there, the plane _(take) off.32.He said he _(look) for a book then .33.-How many times_they_(see) the play? -Only once.34.My mother usually _(have) noodles for breakfast. But she _(have) bread th

20、is morning.35.Look at the children! They _(play) happily over there.36.Li Lei _(have) his lunch at school every day.37.Mr. Smith _(be) ill for three days.做宾语从句的方法: 1. 确定主从句2. 选引导词：1)陈述句：that 2）特殊疑问句：将用它的疑问词 3）一般疑问句： if/whether3. 语序（凡是从句都是用陈述句的语序：即主语谓语其他）4. 时态：1）主句是一般现在时，从句可根据句子的需要用不同的时态。2）主句是过去时，从句则

21、用相应的过去时，除了客观事实、真理等之外。5. 句子末尾的符号（由主句决定）。如：1.我想昨天这个时候他在写信。2. 你知道他昨天回来很晚吗？3.妈妈告诉我太阳比地球大。4. 他说他很快就来看我。5.我想知道他明天上午是否按时来。练习：把下列句子改为宾语从句1.He is looking for a pen. He says.2.when does the train leaves? Do you know?3.She didnt tell me. Which room does she lived in?4.Mary asked. Who is that man?5.Can you tell

22、 me? When did he buy the car?6.Has the whole street been cleaned? I want to know.7.They are very happy to see the famous scientist. He told me.8.Can she play the piano? Do you know?9.Light travels faster than sound. The teacher told us.10.Why hasnt she come? Do you know?11.Could you tell me ? How ca

23、n I get to the cinema?12.Who can answer the question? The teacher asked.13.Are they going to play basketball this afternoon? Li Ming asked me.14.Which song was the most beautiful? Can you tell me?三、句子的种类简单句：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子叫做简单句。它有五种类型：1、主语+不及物动词（即不能带宾语的动词）。如1）Tom swim. 汤姆游泳. 2）We are l

24、istening. 我们在听.3）We study hard . 我们努力学习.2、主语+连系动词+表语1）The bike is new .这辆自行车是新的.2）They all look fine. 他们看起来气色很好.3、主语+及物动词（即能带宾语的动词）+宾语1）She likes playing basketball. 她喜欢打篮球.2）They know English.他们懂得英语.4、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（或主语+及物动词+直接宾语+to(或for)+间接宾语）.如1）Mr. Wu teaches us English. 吴老师教我们英语.2）She bought

25、 me some tomatoes. / She bought some tomatoes for me. 她买了一些西红柿给我.3）He gave them some books. / He gave some books to them. 他给了他们一些书5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语1）We call him Uncle Wang . 我们叫他王叔叔.2）I wont let you go. 我不会让你走.四、练习 1、玛丽每天做作业。 2、他们经常在课堂上讲话。 3、公园里有一些花。 4、我爸爸买一支钢笔给我 5、-我昨天去爬山，现在正在洗衣服。你明天准备做什么？-我准备在家帮助

26、我妈妈做饭。 6、那个瓶子是空的。 7、我正在写一封信给我的姐姐。 8、上星期他们去打电脑游戏。 9、看，他们在做什么？ 10、我叫那宠物猫作咪咪。 11、医生叫我请两天的假。 12、她唱歌唱得很好。 13、前天他借给王利一本书。 14、我们准备在明天下午四点钟在校门外集中.一、用所给动词的正确形式填空1. Looking after my sister _ (be ) my duty.2. _ (not forget ) _ bring your guitar.3. _ you _ (want) to get it ?4. How about _ ( go ) to play soccer

27、?5. Every Sunday Kitty _ (go) swimming .6. One day an old woman _(go ) to see a doctor . The doctor _ (look ) her over carefully and _(say ), “ Medicine wont help you .You must _(have ) a good rest . _(go ) to bed early , _ (drink ) milk , _(walk ) a lot and you _( be ) better soon.”7. They _ (have

28、) their class meeting three days ago.8. I cant finish _ ( read ) the book tomorrow.9. What _ she _ (do ) yesterday?10. My sister _(leave ) for Beijing last week. She _ (come ) back yesterday.二、翻译下列句子1现在我爸爸在给病人作检查。2饭前我们必须洗手。3努力学习，你就一定会通过考试。4我们该回家了。5北京将于2008年举行29届奥运会。6前天他打篮球太久，他得了重感冒。7你怎样学英语？我自学。8我觉得不舒服。9医生叫我呆在家里并好好休息。9