（浙江专版）2019届高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 基础考点聚焦 Unit 5 The power of nature知能演练轻松闯关 新人教版选修6

《（浙江专版）2019届高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 基础考点聚焦 Unit 5 The power of nature知能演练轻松闯关 新人教版选修6》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《（浙江专版）2019届高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 基础考点聚焦 Unit 5 The power of nature知能演练轻松闯关 新人教版选修6（11页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、Unit 5 The power of nature阅读提速练 阅读理解A(2017浙江卷10月)There are energy savings to be made from all recyclable materials, sometimes huge savings. Recycling plastics and aluminum, for instance, uses only 5% to 10% as much energy as producing new plastic or smelting(提炼) aluminum.Long before most of us even

2、noticed what we now call “the environment，” Buckminster Fuller said, “Pollution is nothing but the resources we are not harvesting. We allow them to be left around because weve been ignorant of their value.” To take one example, lets compare the throwaway economy with a recycling economy as we feed

3、a cat for life.Say your cat weight 5kg and eats one can of food each day. Each empty can of its food weighs 40g. In a throwaway economy, you would throw away 5，475 cans over the cats 15year lifetime. Thats 219kg of steelmore than a fifth of a ton and more than 40 times the cats weight.In a recycling

4、 economy, we would make one set of 100 cans to start with, then replace them over and over again with recycled cans. Since almost 3% of the metal is lost during reprocessing, wed have to make an extra 10 cans each year. But in all, only 150 cans will be used up over the cats lifetimeand well still h

5、ave 100 left over for the next cat.Instead of using up 219kg of steel, weve used only 6kg. And because the process of recycling steel is less polluting than making new steel, weve also achieved the following significant savings: in energy use47% to 74%; in air pollution85%; in water pollution35%; in

6、 water use40%.【解题导语】本文首段点明主旨：回收利用可大大节约资源，并引用伟大建筑师富勒的话和养猫喂食的例子肯定循环经济的价值所在。1What does Buckminster Fuller say about pollution?AIt is becoming more serious. BIt destroys the environment.CIt benefits the economy. DIt is the resources yet to be used.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的Buckminster Fuller的话：“Pollution is nothi

7、ng but the resources we are not harvesting. We allow them to be left around because weve been ignorant of their value.”可知，他认为污染只不过是我们没有收获的资源。由于我们对它们的价值一无所知，因此让它们白白浪费。故选D。2How many cans will be used up in a cats 15year lifetime in a recycling economy?A50.B100.C150. D250.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“But in all, o

8、nly 150 cans will be used up over the cats lifetime”可以推断出，循环经济下，要养活一只存活15年的猫需要用掉150个罐。故选C。3What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo promote the idea of recycling. BTo introduce an environmentalist.CTo discuss the causes of pollution. DTo defend the throwaway economy.A解析：写作目的题。文章通过养猫喂食的例子，

9、用数字对比了循环经济和一次性经济消耗资源的不同结果，目的是推广回收利用的理念。故选A。BThe world record holder for the number of university degrees is a 70yearold Italian.Mr.Luciano Baietti lives in the town of Velletri near Rome and spends his days walking around his small house and garden.But every morning as early as 3 oclock，he pulls out

10、 his textbooks and starts studying.He now holds 15 bachelors or masters degrees from universities across Italy，and is already attempting his 16th.“Thanks to books，I feel free，”he tells the BBC journalists.“After all，the words share the same root，”he says，referring to the Italian words libro(book)and

11、 libero(free)The certificates proving his talent hang on the walls of his study，showing people that he was writing new pages in the Guinness Book of Records.In 2002 he got his eighth degree in motor skills.And before that he already had degrees in sociology，literature，law，political science and philo

12、sophy，most from Romes famous La Sapienza University, one of the oldest in the world.Since then，he has added seven other degrees to his list，including one in criminology(犯罪学)，one in military strategies and the latest one in tourism in February 2017.All of these three were from online universities.“Ea

13、ch time I set myself a new challenge to see how far my body and my brain can go，”says Mr.Baietti.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。来自意大利的70岁的Luciano Baietti先生是已获得大学学位总数最多的世界纪录保持者。4What can we know about Mr.Baietti from the passage?AHe has a wide range of learning.BHe is the oldest world record holder.CHe has got craz

14、y about getting degrees.DHe got all his degrees by going to school.A解析：推理判断题。根据第三至五段可以推断Luciano Baietti先生的学习范围非常广泛。a wide range of意思是“广泛的，多种多样的”，所以选项A正确。5Why has Mr.Baietti tried to get so many degrees?ATo show his talent.BTo challenge himself.CTo become popular.DTo break the world record.B解析：细节理解题。

15、根据最后一段中的“Each time I set myself a new challenge to see how far my body and my brain can go”可知选项B正确。6Where does this passage most probably come from?AA newspaper.BA biography.CA travel magazine. DA story book.A解析：推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第四段Luciano Baietti先生接受BBC采访的信息可以推断本文应该是一篇新闻报道。所以选项A正确。CCrossing your legs i

16、s an extremely common habit; most people dont even notice that theyre doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that s

17、itting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes

18、your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You wont feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawnout increases in blood pressure can cause longterm health issues. So, planning to sit for a long period of time? Dont keep your legs crossed.“Crossing your legs at t

19、he knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg，” explains Richard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis(麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from

20、 being able to raise your anklewhat we know as that “pins_and_needles” sensation. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting

21、with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。7What can we learn about crossing ones legs?AIt is a very bad social habit.BIt is

22、 usually practiced deliberately.CIt can do harm to peoples health.DIt can make others feel uncomfortable.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。8According t

23、o the study, sitting with your legs crossed can_Aaffect your blood pressureBresist gravity effectivelyClead to heart attacks easilyDimprove the function of legsA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressu

24、re.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。9In the third paragraph “pins and needles” probably means “_”Aslightly sharp pains Bbeing a little tiredCserious muscle injuries Dbeing highly flexibleA解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis(麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and

25、leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。10What is the main purpose of the text?ATo compare common habits.BTo give readers some advice.CTo evaluate the effects of an experiment.DTo introduce research methods.B解析：写作意图

26、题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。 七选五Coming facetoface with your inadequacies(缺点) can be painful, to say the least. 1._ It even makes you question yourself. Your kneejerk reaction may be to get defensive or even dismiss the critique entirely. But handling negative fee

27、dback with grace will not only make you look gracious, but it could ultimately help you grow as a person. Heres how to do it.Be objective about the criticismBefore you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other persons opinion, take a step back and look at it objectively.Next time you get

28、a bad review, dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you, but rather, take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate. 2._Avoid unnecessary conflictIf you decide that the point is valid, it may be hard to take. In your discomfort, you may feel the urge to critic

29、ize the other person angrily and defend yourself. 3._Be open to the idea of change4_ And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance” that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most.Ask questionsIf youre open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement,

30、 you will likely need more information. 5._ Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information. However, when you feel ready, it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you. Even if you dont agree with their advice, thank t

31、hem and promise to consider it.AMost of us are pretty stubborn.BThere is no doubt that change is necessary.CBut its best to avoid getting into an argument.DBeing sensitive to criticism leads you nowhere.EIt challenges the way you believe people see you.FGive yourself a chance to really take in the i

32、nformation and evaluate it.GThe initial moment you hear it may not be the best time to ask for more details.【解题导语】听到别人对你的批评也许会很痛苦，但是如果优雅地处理这些问题，自己将变得更好。1E解析：根据空后一句话可知，空处与下一句是递进关系，E项“这会挑战你认为别人看待你的方式”，所以E项符合语境。2F解析：根据空前的“dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you, but rather, take a

33、 moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate”可知，空处应讲给自己一个机会真正吸收这些信息并对其进行评估。故F项符合语境。3C解析：根据该段小标题“Avoid unnecessary conflict”可知，C项“但是最好避免陷入争吵”符合语境。4A解析：根据空后的“And it may be because of a concept called cognitive dissonance that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need mo

34、st.”及本段小标题可知，A项“我们大部分人都很倔强”符合语境。5G解析：根据空后的“Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information.”并结合上文可知，空处应讲最开始听到批评时不适合问更多的细节，故G项符合语境。语言运用与写作规范练 完形填空One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future.In our_1_ we

35、 can see what has not yet happened.For example，while we are looking forward to _2_ a new place or country，we _3_ what it will be like.We predict the _4_ people will eat，dress and act.Of course，we do not always predict things_5_Things are often very different from the way we _6_ them to be.One of the

36、 _7_ dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule，who had been_8_ to work out a very difficult problem in physics.He had_9_and analyzed the problem from every angle for days，but there_10_ to be no way of _11_ out the answer.Then one night he went to bed and dreamed.When he_12_ up，he

37、 realized that he knew the answer.He had solved the problem in his_13_.It is said that in order to figure out the process，the hypnotist(催眠师) sat in the chair opposite him and spoke_14_ ：“I want you to concentrate on my voice.Think about_15_You know nothing but my voice.And as you pay attention to my

38、 voice，your_16_ will get heavier.Soon youll be asleep.You will hear my voice and_17_ my words，but your body will be asleep，your eyes are too heavy.You are_18_ asleep，and when you wake up you will_19_ nothing.You will forget everything.Now I am going to_20_slowly from one to five.One，two，three，four，f

39、ive.” 【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过德国科学家Kekule的故事，说明了人类大脑的神奇能力。1A.brainsBsensesCminds DsightsC解析：根据前一句“One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future.”可知，人类思维最显著的特点之一就是有想象未来的能力；据此可知，空处指“思维”，故C项正确。2A.visiting BseekingCreaching DdiscoveringA解析：根据该句中的“a new place or

40、 country”可以判断，当我们期望去参观(visiting)某个新地方或新国家时，我们总是想象(imagine)那里会是什么样子。3A.imagine BknowCfeel DguessA解析：参见上题解析。4A.custom BhabitCstyle DwayD解析：根据该段最后一句中的“the way”，并结合该句“We predict the _people will eat，dress and act.”可知，我们总会预测(这个地方的)人们的饮食、衣着和行为方式。D项意为“方式”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“风俗”；B项意为“习惯”；C项意为“风格”。5A.quickly Bs

41、implyCcorrectly DneatlyC解析：根据空处后一句“Things are often very different from the way we_them to be.”可知，事物总是不同于我们预料的那样；据此可以判断，我们不是总能正确地(correctly)预测事物。6A.required BwishedCleft DexpectedD解析：参见上题解析。expect“预料，预期”。7A.funny BdullCfamous DsillyC解析：根据该句中的“dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Ke

42、kule”及下文可知，该处陈述的是历史上著名的梦之一是德国科学家Kekule的梦。C项意为“著名的”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“有趣的”；B项意为“无趣的”； D项意为“愚蠢的”。8A.managing BtryingCthinking DhopingB解析：根据该句中的“Kekule，who had been_to work out a very difficult problem in physics”及下文可知，Kekule一直在努力解一道物理难题；try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，符合语境，故B项正确。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”强调结果，

43、与语境不符。9A.studied BlearnedCdiscussed DsearchedA解析：根据该句中的“He had_and analyzed the problem from every angle for days”可知，他从多个角度研究(studied)和分析了这个难题。10A.used BoughtCseemed DhadC解析：根据该句中的“but there_to be no way of_out the answer”可知，似乎没有办法弄清答案。seem意为“似乎，好像”符合语境，故C项正确。11A.bringing BfindingCturning DlettingB解

44、析：参见上题解析。find out“弄清，查明”；bring out“使表现出”；turn out“结果是，证明是”；let out“发出”。12A.gave BsatCwoke DgotC解析：根据前一句“Then one night he went to bed and dreamed.”可知，空处表示他醒来时意识到自己知道了答案。wake up 为固定短语，意为“醒”，故C项正确。13A.dream Blesson Cresearch DexerciseA解析：根据上文中的“he went to bed and dreamed.When he_up，he realized that he

45、 knew the answer.”可知，他在梦(dream)中解决了这个难题。14A.softly BloudlyCslowly DfirmlyA解析：根据语境并结合常识可知催眠师应是柔和地(softly)说着话。15A.everything BsomethingCnothing DanythingC解析：根据空前一句“I want you to concentrate on my voice.”及下文中的“You know nothing but my voice.”可知，空处应指什么都不要想。C项符合语境，故C项正确。16A.eyes BfeetChead DbodyA解析：根据常识可知

46、，被催眠师催眠时，眼睛会变得沉重。故选A项。17A.believe BrepeatCtake DunderstandD解析：根据该句中的“You will hear my voice and_my words”可知，此处指听到声音并理解听到的话。understand“理解，明白”，符合语境。18A.really BextremelyCactually DalmostD解析：根据空处前一句可知，此处指你几乎(almost)要睡着了。19A.accept BrememberChear DreceiveB解析：根据下文中的“You will forget everything.”可知，空处指你将什么

47、都不记得。B项符合语境，故B项正确。20A.count BsayCadd DspeakA解析：根据文中的“Now I am going to_slowly from one to five.One，two，three，four，five.”可知，此处表示数数；A项意为“(按顺序)数数”，符合语境，故A项正确。 语法填空The MidAutumn Festival in China has nothing, or at least very little, to do 1._autumn. Its about time off work, and the gift that few seem t

48、o eat but people keep giving to one another: mooncakes.I 2._(learn) about mooncakes when I moved to Chinas capital city, Beijing. When the MidAutumn Festival came around, the city was 3._(live) especially with shopping for mooncakes. Every grocery store seemed to have lines of people 4._(carry) that

49、 single item(商品) to the counter. I asked my Chinese friends about mooncakes, and 5._ majority of them said that few people actually ate them. Instead，6._(regard) as gifts, theyre chosen for family, friends or coworkers.When years later I moved back to New York City, I didnt expect to find any public

50、 7._(celebrate) of the MidAutumn Festival. But Ive been surprised at the ways the festival continues in at least the citys 8._(heavy) Chinese neighborhoods. For weeks before the MidAutumn Festival, Brooklyns Chinatown，9._ I live, looks a little like Beijing with people running in and out of Chinese

51、bakeries, or standing in line at Chinese grocery stores to buy mooncakes.It looks like Chinese culture can 10._(preserve) while adapting to changing circumstances.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在北京居住时，发现中秋节前，尽管很少吃月饼，但人们仍喜欢买月饼送人。回到纽约后，作者发现纽约的中国人也这样做。作者由此发出感慨：似乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存下来。1with解析：考查介词。中国的中秋节和秋天没有或者说几乎没有一点

52、关系。它是关于休息和似乎很少人吃但是人们仍然互相赠送的礼物“月饼”的。 have nothing/something to do with.“和无关/有关”，是固定搭配。2learned/learnt解析：考查动词的时态。当我搬到中国的首都北京时，我了解了关于月饼的一些情况。主从句的动作几乎是同时发生的，从句用了一般过去时，故主句也用一般过去时。3lively解析：考查形容词。空处作表语，且意为“气氛热闹的，熙熙攘攘的”，故用形容词 lively。4carrying解析：考查非谓语动词。每个杂货店似乎都排着队伍，队伍中满是拿着月饼向柜台走去的人。分析句子结构可知，people 后是非谓语动词作

53、定语，people 与 carry 之间是主谓关系，且此处表示动作正在进行，故用现在分词作定语。5the解析：考查冠词。the majority of 是固定搭配，意为“中的大多数”，故填the。6regarded解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，_ as gifts 作状语，根据固定搭配 be regarded as “被视为”和 they(指代 mooncakes) 与 regard 之间的动宾关系可知，此处应该用过去分词作状语。7celebration(s)解析：考查名词。根据空前的any public 和空后的 of 可知，空处应该填名词 celebration(s)“庆祝活动”

54、。8heavily解析：考查副词。此处表示“至少在这个城市有大量中国人的社区”。空处修饰形容词Chinese，且表示“大量地，在很大程度上”，故用副词 heavily。9where解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Brooklyns Chinatown，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where。10be preserved解析：考查动词的语态。似乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存下来。 preserve “保存，保留”，是及物动词，故此处用被动语态。 应用文写作假定你是李华，近日你在全国中学生英语演讲比赛中获一等奖。请根据所给提示给你校的

55、外教戴维写一封信，要点如下：1告诉他你获奖的消息；2回顾他对你的影响和帮助；3表示感谢。注意：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear David，_All the best!Li HuaOne possible version：Dear_David，I am writing to tell you my good newsIve won first prize in the National High School English Speaking Contest.I am so thankful for your help.Since y

56、ou taught us, I have become interested in learning English.I spent most of my spare time reading English novels and listening to English programmes as you suggested.My English reading and listening skills as well as my confidence gradually improved.When I signed up for the contest, you encouraged me

57、 and helped me prepare for it even at the weekend.That is why I stood out among the others.Thank you for your encouragement and efforts again.All_the_best!Li_Hua 读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。In the past 24 hours, I have been gifted with two amazing opportunities for kindness. The first happened

58、 yesterday. I was on my way home after running some errands(差事) and saw a small dog running across the last three lanes of the very busy street I was traveling on. He jumped off into the neighborhood, so I went off in search of him in hopes I could reunite him with his owners. After a bit of a cat a

59、nd mouse game, he finally decided I was worthy of his trust and came close enough for me to grab him.Later, I learned that he had disappeared eight months ago from his owners who lived a half an hour away. As I had some free time before my other commitments, I drove him back to his rightful owners.

60、He and his human mommy were so glad to see one another! It gave me a good smile to end the year with.This morning my family and I went to a friends home to help her get things back in order. She was one of the unfortunate people whose home was recently destroyed by the Rowlett, TX tornado. She was l

61、uckier than some of her neighbors, thankfully. Her interior walls were largely intact(原封不动的), though one side of her home fell off and the roof was gone over a large part of the house. Her kitchen_items were totally at a mess. Her garage door was badly damaged.Heavy rain fell the rest of the night a

62、nd all of the next day following the tornado, creating even more damage to the interior and to her belongings. The home is a total loss. Still, there is much that is salvageable(能挽救的), and our job today was to help her restore_order and find anything with actual value that she may want to take with her. My husband helped to move furniture and other things while our younger children helped clean up the yard. My oldest daughter and her