2018届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Names学案 重庆大学版选修8

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1、Unit 1Names一、单词写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.sayvt.表示；表明2.openmindedadj. 虚心的，思想开明的3.polishvt. 修改；润色4.featurevt. 以为特色5.conveyvt. 传达6.highlightvt. 使显著，突出7.respected adj.受人敬重的respectableadj.值得敬重的respectfuladj.恭敬的，表示尊敬的respectvt.&n尊敬，尊重8.childish adj.孩子气的，幼稚的childn小孩9.true adj.真实的，真的truthn事实，真理，真实，真相truthful

2、adj.诚实的10.shorten vi./vt.缩短，(使)变短shortadj.短的11.adapt vt.改编adaptationn改编本；适应12.exaggerate vi./vt.夸大，夸张exaggerationn夸张13.lengthen vi./vt.(使)加长，使延长 longadj.长的lengthn长度14.forgetful adj.健忘的，疏忽的forgetv忘记forgettableadj.可忘的，可忘记的，易被忘记的15.courageous adj.勇敢的，有胆量的couragen勇气16.indicate vt.指出，显示，预示indicationn指示，迹

3、象，暗示1.Evidently, realizing this difference and trying to shorten (short) this gap is the key to achieving our accomplishment.2.He promised that this type of childish (child) behavior would not happen again.3.This book is copyright protected, so no adaptation (adapt) should be made without the writer

4、s permission.4.It is no exaggeration (exaggerate) at all to say that good books are both our best teachers and friends.5.The young man was courageous (courage) enough to break away from traditional ideas.6.It is our duty to understand truth and act in a truthful manner in our communication.(true)7.T

5、he length of the rope is not enough, so try to lengthen it.(long)8.He is so forgetful a man that it is quite possible for him to have forgotten the appointment for such things are forgettable.(forget) 9.Teachers are respectable in our country. Students respect their teachers and listen to them in sc

6、hool in respectful ways.(respect)1.后缀ful形容词清单respectful恭敬的truthful 诚实的forgetful 健忘的helpful 有帮助的 skillful 有技巧的meaningful 有意义的careful 仔细的2.盘点ex开头动词exaggerate夸大，夸张exchange 交换；交流exist 存在；生存expose 暴露；显露explode 爆炸；爆裂3常见合成形容词大全openminded 虚心的absentminded 心不在焉的quickminded思维敏捷的narrowminded 心胸狭窄的brokenhearted

7、心碎的kindhearted 心地善良的lighthearted 心情轻松的4后缀ish形容词全扫描childish 孩子气的selfish 自私的foolish 傻的，笨的bookish 书呆子气的二、短语写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.go_with 伴随，与相配2.tell_._apart 区分，辨别3.make_up 虚构，拼凑；化妆；和解4.become_known_(as) (以)出名5.by_name 凭名字；用的名字6.be_short_for_sth. 简略的；缩写的7.used_to 过去常常，习惯于8.be_characterized_by的特点在于9.in_

8、general 通常，大体上，一般而言10.divide_into 分成11.borrow_from 从借入1.Your new coat goes_with your black boots; you look very pretty.2.The library is divided_into different zones, so its easy for you to find what you need.3.As is known to all, the UN is_short_for the United Nations.4.I know him only by_name,_so I

9、 am not familiar with him.5.In_general,_one of the best ways to deal with anxiety is to exercise.1.“v.with”短语小结go with与相配agree with 与一致compete with 与竞争cope with 应付，对付deal with 与打交道2.“byn.”短语荟萃by name凭名字by force 用武力by nature 天生地；生性by birth 生来；在血统上三、句式背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.Names are the quickest and easies

10、t as well as friendliest way to say whos who .名字是最快捷、最容易，也是最友好的说明谁是谁的方法as well as “也，又，还”，可以作介词，也可以作连词，连接相同的句子成分。我们不仅可以更多地了解伟人的生活而且可以了解其他国家的历史和文化。We can know more about the life of great people as_well_as_history_and_cultures_of_other_countries.2.It is not unusual to see men and women rushing down t

11、he street on a sunny morning with umbrellas under their arms.在晴朗的早上看到手臂下夹着雨伞在街上匆匆而过的男男女女并非罕见。It is not unusual to .是双重否定句型表示肯定意义，意为“并不稀奇/很平常”。人们换职业是一件很平常的事。 It_is_not_unusual for people to change careers.第一板块核心单词归纳集释1say vt.表示；表明，指明；预报，报道；假设；说经典例句I would like to say how much we appreciate your hard

12、work.我想说我们对你的辛勤劳动非常感谢。say hello to sb.向某人问好I dare say 我敢说；我想(插入语)not to say . 更不用说that is to say 换句话说，也就是说Its said that . 据说It_is_said_that the new mayor will come into power next month.据说新市长下个月将上任。They left two weeks ago; that_is_to_say,_they have been away for two weeks.他们两周前离开了，也就是说，他们已经离开两周了。2ad

13、apt vt.使适应；改编高考佳句Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.(2013浙江高考)因为我们的身体适应我们对它做的任何事情。(1)adapt (oneself) to使适应于adapt sth.from 根据改编某物be adapted for 为而改写/改编(2)adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本make a good adaptation to . 很适应(3)adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的The TV series RedSorghumadapted (adapt) from Mo

14、Yans novel of the same name has been shown on many TV channels.由莫言同名小说改编的电视剧红高粱已在许多电视台播放过了。It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014福建高考单选)是文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。3convey vt.传达；运送，输送；表达；转让(财产)教材原句Performers also use their eyes

15、and facial expressions to helpconvey the specific meaning.表演者也可以运用眼神和面部表情帮助表达具体的意思。(1)convey ones feelings/meanings表达感情/意思convey sth.to sb. 向某人表达/传达某物(2)convey sb./sth.from A to B 把某人或某物从A地 运送到B地Its said that a bus will convey us from hotel to the scenery spot.据说，一辆巴士将把我们从宾馆送到景点。In this letter, I wo

16、uld like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your assistance/help.对于您的帮助，我想在这封信中表达对您衷心的感谢。 .基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)1A notice has been put up on the blackboard, saying (say) that our holiday will be put off.2A good teacher must know how to convey his ideas to his students.3My father became forget

17、ful (forget) these days because of the negative effect of the medicine.4Respected_guests (尊敬的来宾), welcome to live in our hotel.5It is reported that it was smoking that shortened_her_life (缩短了她的生命).重难点多练adapt全接触(1)介词填空It is never easy to adapt to big changes. Those who can do it faster are more likel

18、y to succeed.The author is going to adapt his stories for television.The new film is said to be adapted from a famous novel of the same name.(2)一句多译他迅速适应了那儿的生活方式。He quickly adapted_himself_to the way of life there.(adapt v)He quickly adapted_to the way of life there.(adapt v)He made_a_quick_adaptati

19、on_to the way of life there.(adaption n)(3)对比填空The film TinyTimes is adapted (adapt) from Guo Jingmings novel of the same name.The film TinyTimes is an adaptation (adapt) of Guo Jingmings novel of the same name.阅读词汇专练根据语境选出say的词性和词义(A)vt.表明(B)vt.假设(C)vt.说(D)n.发言权 (E)n.意见1Just say you won the lottery

20、 what would you do？_B_2Parents should talk to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say._C_3The fact that she never apologises says a lot about what kind of person she is._A_4Dont interrupt her; let her have her say._E_5We are considering giving them greate

21、r say in such matters._D_第二板块短语句型归纳集释1make up占，形成，构成；弥补；编造；整理；化妆；和解；组成；虚构；拼凑经典例句He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.他编了个借口，说他的女儿病倒了。一词多义写出下列句中make up的含义They made up for their inexperience by careful preparation for each lesson.弥补They quarrelled the other day but they made up soon.和解

22、Leave this notice hanging on your door, asking the servant to make up your room.整理I dont like to see women making up in public.化妆Farm workers make uponly a small section of the population.占，构成Dontmake up any excuse for your being late again.编造，虚构make out(费力)理解；假装；辨认出；看清楚make it 取得成功；准时到达；做到了be made

23、up of 由组成make for 移向；走向，促成；有利于make up for 弥补，补偿make up ones mind 下决心；决定Theyll do all they can to make up for the economic losses. 他们要尽一切力量弥补这些经济损失。I made up my mind to_study (study) harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things.(2015湖南高考书面表达)我已下定决心更加努力学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在这些无用的事情上。2be shor

24、t for是的缩写/简称教材原句One of the most common names in the English language is Smith, which is short for blacksmith.英语中最常见的一个姓是史密斯，史密斯是“铁匠”的简略形式。be short of缺少；缺乏for short 简略为，简称为in shortin a few wordsbriefly 简言之，总而言之to be short 简单地说It is believed that the young graduates are_short_of patience and persisten

25、ce.人们认为，年轻的毕业生们缺乏耐心和毅力。In England, people usually call me Jim for_short.在英格兰，人们通常简略地称我为“吉姆”。3It_is_not_unusual_to_see men and women rushing down the street on a sunny morning with umbrellas under their arms. 在晴朗的早上看到手臂下夹着雨伞在街上匆匆而过的男男女女并非罕见。句中It is not unusual to see .是双重否定结构，not unusual“并非罕见”。双重否定结构

26、常表示肯定意义。(1)常见的双重否定结构还有：no (not)等表示否定意义的形容词没有不no (never) . without . 没有不；除 不(2)常见的用否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有：cannot . too . 无论怎样也不为过cannot wait to do sth. 急于做某事cannot help doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事It_is_not_unusual to throw rubbish everywhere in some places.在一些地方，随处扔垃圾并非罕见。With so many cars running in the streets,

27、as a new driver, never_can_you_be_too_cautious in order not to scratch others cars.街上有这么多的车子在行驶，为了不刮碰别人的车，作为新手司机的你再怎么小心谨慎也不为过。.基础点全练1单句语法填空The two paintings look so much alike that I cant tell the authentic painting from the modern copy.I never used to_enjoy (enjoy) science，but last year I changed s

28、chools, and the science teachers at my new school were excellent.He has fame, money, and everything that goes with it.It is not unusual for students to_play (play) phones instead of reading books.Its no use complaining without taking any action.2运用所学短语完成片段I have a friend whose name is Rob, which is_

29、short_for (是的缩写) Robert. He comes from Australia. He has a twin brother, and I cant tell_them_apart (区分他们). He is_known_as (以出名) an expert in the English language. I havent seen him for many years, but I came across him in the street yesterday. He still stays_the_same (保持不变). He told me that he live

30、s in Shanghai now. He has been_used_to (习惯于) living there. I was very happy to see him again.重难点多练1short相关短语多棱镜补全句子UK是联合王国的简略形式。UK is_short_for the United Kingdom. 加拿大国家电视塔位于多伦多市中心，通常简称为CN塔。Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower, which is often called the CN Tower for_short.总

31、之，他是我见过最有前途的学生之一。 In_short,_he is one of the most promising students Ive ever known.2make相关短语点点练(1)句型转换Five players make up the basketball team.The basketball team is_made_up_of five players.The basketball team is_composed_of five players.The basketball team consists_of five players.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段I h

32、ave made_up_my_mind (下定决心) to make_up_for (弥补) the lost time. So I have made a plan, which is_made_up_of_three_parts (由三部分组成). To carry it out better, I want you to supervise (监督) me. You can go through it. If there is something that you cant make_out (理解), I will explain it to you. I believe that I

33、 will make_it (做到) with your help. 课堂练牢基础.单句语法填空1As far as I know, he is going to adapt his novel for TV play.2Chengdu is famous for various kinds of snacks.They are prepared in different ways, featuring (feature) different tastes, good quality and low prices.3When you reach the other end of the bri

34、dge, I will_be_waiting (wait) right there to show you the way.4The flight leaves in twenty minutes well never make it.5Caroline doesnt have a gift for music, but she makes up for it with hard work.(2014大纲卷单选)6We will convey these children to the airport by bus.7In short, the girl insisted that she d

35、id not know them.8As is known to us, England can be divided into three main areas.单句改错1Mary as well as I have been to the Great Wall.havehas2“Its pity that you didnt come to the party，” she said in a low voice.pity前加a_3Ill see you in a week, it is to say next Monday.itthat4Not only has she adapted h

36、er to the fast rhythm of city life, but she is becoming more and more outgoing.herherself5Mr. Li, conveyed his disappointment with our job, marched out of the room with anger.conveyed_前加having6She was used to receive admiring glances from others.receivereceiving.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文My English t

37、eacher comes_from (来自) London. She is kind and generous to us, but (but/so/as) her family used_to (过去) be very poor. Although her dress is always common, her pink shoes match her dress well. She often makes_up (编造) funny stories to amuse us. She is known for her sense of humor. Her class is not only

38、 interesting but also lively, so we are all interested in her class. With her help, we have made great progress in English. (二)按要求将词汇句式升级1用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)commonplain(2)matchgo_with_2按要求改写句式(1)用as well as 改写句Her_class_is_lively_as_well_as_interesting,_so_we_are_all_interested_in_her_class.(2)用双重否定句式

39、改写句Without_her_help,_we_couldnt_have_made_great_progress_in_English.课下练熟高考阅读理解提速练练速度(限时：20分钟)A(2017河南省洛阳市统一考试)Heritage is our legacy (遗产) from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. Our cultural and natural heritage are both irreplaceable (无可取代的) sources of lif

40、e and inspiration. Places as unique and diverse as the Pyramids of Egypt, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Great Wall of China make up our worlds heritage. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) seeks to encourage the identification, protection and p

41、reservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. This is embodied in an international treaty called the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, adopted by UNESCO in 1972.How does a place become a

42、 World Heritage Site? It takes a lot of people to decide. 1)If a country wants one of its places to be on the World Heritage List, it has to ask UNESCO. The place must be important and special. UNESCO put the Great Wall on the list in 1987 because, it said, it was a great part of Chinese culture and

43、 beautifully made to go with the land. When a country asks, it must also make a plan for taking care of the place.2)The World Heritage Committee of UNESCO talks about different places and decides whether to put them on the list. The committee meets every June. Many experts help the committee to deci

44、de.3)After a new place goes on the list, UNESCO gives money to help keep it looking good. If a place is in serious danger, it may be put on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger. UNESCO gives special care and help to those places. 4)Countries have to give UNESCO regular reports about places on

45、the list. If UNESCO thinks a country isnt taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们什么是遗产，如何申请遗产，并呼吁人们保护遗产。1What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1?ATo tell us what is heritage. BTo stress the importance of heritages. CTo explain the aims of protect

46、ing heritages. DTo introduce some places of interest in the world.解析：选A段落大意题。本段主要解释了什么是遗产及其大体分类，并列举了几个世界遗产的例子，所以A项正确。2About cultural and natural heritage around the world, UNESCO encourages all the following EXCEPT_.AidentificationBapplicationCprotection Dconservation解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，联合国教科文组织鼓励

47、、认定和保护世界遗产，并没有提到利用世界遗产，所以选B项。3If a place successfully becomes a World Heritage Site, the country_.Acan ask UNESCO for more money and help Bshould continue to take special care of itCwont take trouble of caring for itDwill try to put it on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger解析：选B细节理解题。由短文的最后一段

48、可知，申遗成功后，要对世界遗产继续加以保护，如果保护不善，该遗产可能会从名录上删除。4The purpose of putting a place on the World Heritage List is_.Ato attract more tourists from other countries Bto get more money and help from other countries Cto have it taken better care ofDto make it known to other countries解析：选C推理判断题。通过联合国对一个国家的要求可推知，认定世

49、界遗产的目的是使其得到更好的保护。B(2017沈阳市高三质检)Where should an adventurous tourist go? After youve done sightseeing in London, shopping in New York, tasted the local food in Paris, and danced to your hearts content at the Brazilian Carnival, where else can you go? What exotic (异国风情的) tourist destination awaits you?

50、Well, Antarctica sounds like the holiday of a lifetime! Its considered the last great wilderness on Earth. Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and other animals which can cope with the low temperatures.Tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s and its stil

51、l a small scale. About 37,000 tourists are expected there this season, but many wont even leave the boat.The BBCs Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment. Her tour guide admitted that all visi

52、tors leave footprints and they all go to the same place, the accessible coastline, which is also where the penguins and seals go to breed.But some people believe that if carefully controlled, tourism can be good for Antarctica. It has no native population and it needs advocates. Visitors to the icy

53、continent might be ready to support and even to fund its preservation. And theyre likely to engage in the discussion about global warming, which has led to the melting of glaciers.According to Rix, guidelines are followed when youre about to set foot in Antarctica and tourists have to disinfect (为消毒

54、) their boots to make sure no alien species are introduced.And once on land, theres no eating or smoking. Rocks, bone fragments nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind. Tourists fortunate enough to visit Antarctica must be aware that this is not their home and keep th

55、eir fingers crossed that future generations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking (美妙的；惊人的) views.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。游客应该去南极洲旅游吗？本文介绍了去南极洲旅游的情况和对游客的要求。5According to the second paragraph, we can learn that _.AAntarctica has become the best place for people to travelBonly scientists can be allowed t

56、o go to AntarcticaCAntarctica is less affected by human activitiesDno animals can survive in Antarctica except penguins解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句“Its considered the last great wilderness on Earth.”可知，它被认为是地球上最后的不毛之地。由此可推知，南极洲受人类活动的影响较小。6Juliet Rixs travel in Antarctica mentioned in the fourth paragraph in

57、dicates that _.Agovernments should take measures to stop tourists from going to AntarcticaBwhether tourists should go to Antarctica or not should be considered carefullyCthe animals habitat in Antarctica has been seriously affected by tourismDonly journalists begin to pay attention to the environmen

58、tal protection in Antarctica解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段的“asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment”以及“Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place”可推知，人们是否应该去南极洲旅游应认真地考虑一下。7Which of the following state

59、ments is TRUE according to Rix?ATourists can eat and smoke in Antarctica.BTourists can take something they like from Antarctica.CTourists can throw away something they dont need in Antarctica.DTourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery in Antarctica.解析：选D正误判断题。根据文章结尾处“to enjoy such breathtaking views”

60、可知，游客可以在南极洲欣赏到美丽的景色。8Which of the following is the best title of this passage?AWhy cant tourists go to Antarctica?BHow can tourists go to Antarctica?CShould tourists go to Antarctica?DAre tourists allowed to go to Antarctica?解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文的内容可知，文章围绕的是“应不应该去南极洲旅游？”这一话题而展开的，因此C项最适合作标题。CIn 1800, only

61、three percent of the worlds population lived in cities.Only one city Beijing had a population of over a million.Most people lived in rural areas, and never saw a city in their lives.In 1900, just a hundred years later, roughly 150 million people lived in cities, and the worlds ten largest cities all

62、 had populations exceeding (超过) one million.By 2000, the number of city dwellers (居民) exceeded three billion; and in 2008, the worlds population crossed a tipping point more than half of the people on Earth lived in cities.By 2050, that could increase to over twothirds.Clearly, humans have become an urban species.In the 19th and early 20th centuri