2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考试名师点拨押题密卷89（含答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考试名师点拨押题密卷（含答案详解）1. 单选题When you are at college, you should not（ ） your study.问题1选项A.get a big kick inB.fool around withC.set asideD.draw on【答案】C【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项get a big kick in“得到极大的乐趣”；B选项fool around with“与不三不四的人鬼混”；C选项set aside“驳回，不管”；D选项draw on“利用，吸收”。句意：在上大学的时候，你不应该把学习放在一边不管不顾。选项C

2、符合语境。2. 单选题Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit” in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library

3、is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, as

4、sume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses, and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental

5、 process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose, style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the

6、 costume of a Chinese famer or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocket book. Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart

7、from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too, come ready made, and the range of choice, among them is limited.1.In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us（ ）.2.According to the writer, people often assume different stat

8、uses（ ）.3.The word appraisal in paragraph 2 most probably means（ ）.4.In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun “it” refers to（ ） .5.By saying that “an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese farmer or that of a Hindu prince” (Para. 3), the writer means（ ）.问题1选项A.make

9、friends with other peopleB.determine whether a person is fit for a certain jobC.protect ourselves in unfamiliar situationsD.behave appropriately in relation to other people问题2选项A.in order to better identify othersB.as their mental processes changeC.as the situation changeD.in order to identify thems

10、elves with others问题3选项A.involvementB.assessmentC.appreciationD.presentation问题4选项A.constant mental processB.selecting ones own statusC.curiosity of other peoples statusesD.fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately问题5选项A.different people have different styles of clothesB.ready-made cl

11、othes may need alterationsC.our choice of statuses is limitedD.statuses come ready made just like clothes【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段首句“Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we fit in society. 地位是人类不可思议的发明，

12、它使我们能够彼此和睦相处, 并决定我们在社会中适当的位置。”也就是说，在与他人相处时举止得体，选项D符合原文。2.细节事实题。根据第二段的一二句“The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at a very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. 我们所假定的身份常常随着我们遇到的人而变化，并且在一生中不断变化。我们大多数人都能以非常

13、快的速度假定各种情况所需要的状态。”也就是说，人们所假定的身份随着外部环境的改变而发生改变。选项C符合原文。3.语义推断题。A选项involvement“牵连，包含”；B选项assessment“评定，估价”；C选项appreciation“欣赏，鉴别”；D选项presentation“描述，介绍”。根据原文句意：这意味着我们的行为与其他人的行为相适应是建立在对他人的评价和解释这种持续的心理过程之上的。由此可知，appraisal指评估，判断，所以选项B与之意思相近。4.判断推理题。根据第二段的最后一句话可知，这里的it指的是前半句提到的“the task”，而“the task”指代的是上文

14、提到的fit our actions to those of other people。所以选项D符合原文。5.作者意图题。结合原文内容可知，作者通过将身份比作衣服，说明身份像衣服一样，受到社会的限制，选择的范围有限。所以选项C正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:3. 单选题Will you please（ ）everything is ready for the party to be held next Sunday?问题1选项A.see it thatB.see to itC.seeing thatD.see to it that【答案】D【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项see it th

15、at没有这种搭配；B选项see to it“留意必定做”；C选项seeing that“由于，因为”；D选项see to it that“务必，保证”。根据句意“请你务必为下星期天举行的晚会做好一切准备，好吗?”选项D符合句意。4. 单选题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word table following the passa

16、ge. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the table is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the table more than once.Many American students（1）higher education to prepare

17、 for professional employment. In your academic training you will need to begin planning for the（2）from college to career. A career is really a processit is how you progress through a （3）of jobs and occupations during your working years. A college education can help you get started on your career jou

18、rney.In America society, the type of occupational fields you choose and jobs you hold（4）your entire lifestyle: your concept, income, prestige, choice of friends, and where you will live. This freedom to choose from thousands of employment choices can be（5）or troublingif you dont know where and how t

19、o begin.Career planning is a comprehensive process that takes much time and（6）. Career planning can greatly increase your（7）of obtaining employment in the occupation you choose. However, career planning includes much more than a job search. It begins with carefully considering what you want and need

20、 in life.Career planning can be divided into four（8）steps that include self-assessment, occupational exploration and selection, career preparation, and job seeking. Although each students goal will be（9）, one suggested timetable to help you keep on course is to complete one step in each university y

21、ear. Your（10）may be longer or shorter depending on your career goal.问题1选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题2选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.v

22、ariesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题3选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题4选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.e

23、njoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题5选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题

24、6选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题7选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM

25、.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题8选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题9选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficia

26、lJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition问题10选项A.transmissionB.continuousC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transition【答案】第1题:N第2题:O第3题:D第4题:L第5题:C第6题:J第7题:K第8题:B第9题:H第10题:G【解析】第1题:1.此空应填一个

27、动词，因此FMLN可选，此处句意为一些美国学生为了就业做准备而追求更高的教育。N项符合句意。2.此空应填一个名词，transmission“传播，传染”；transition“过渡”。句意：在你求学时你应该做好从大学向就业的过渡。故O项正确。3.a series of“一系列的”。4.句意：在美国社会，你选择的职业领域和工作会影响你的整个生活方式。5.由or troubling可知此空应填与troubling意思相反的形容词，故C项正确。6.由time and可知此空应填名词，句意：职业规划是一个需要花时间和努力的复杂过程。7.prospect“前途，前景”。句意：职业规划可以极大地增加你所选

28、择的职业领域获得工作的前景。8.由that从句的内容可知此空应填continual“持续不断的”。9.句意：尽管每个学生的目标是不同的。10.由longer or shorter可推知G项正确。句意：根据你的职业目标，你的日程表可能长也可能短。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:第6题:第7题:第8题:第9题:第10题:5. 单选题For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, inte

29、roffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In（1）a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend（2）can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are（3）readers. Most of us develop poor

30、 reading（4）at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency（5）in the actual stuff of language itselfwords. Taken individually, words have（6）meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs.（7）, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He

31、laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to（8）words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over（9）you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which（10）down the speed of reading is vocalizationsounding each word either orally or mentally as（11）reads.T

32、o overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an（12）, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate（13）the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast,（14

33、）word-by-word reading impossible. Regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first（15）is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, （16）your comprehension will improve. Many people have found（17）reading skill drastically impro

34、ved after some training.（18）Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute（19）the raining, now it is an excellent 1378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can（20）a lot more reading material in a short period of time.问题1选项A.applyingB.do

35、ingC.offeringD.getting问题2选项A.quicklyB.easilyC.roughlyD.decidedly问题3选项A.goodB.curiousC.poorD.urgent问题4选项A.trainingB.habitsC.situationsD.custom问题5选项A.liesB.combinesC.touchesD.involves问题6选项A.someB.a lotC.littleD.dull问题7选项A.FortunatelyB.In factC.LogicallyD.Unfortunately问题8选项A.reuseB.rereadC.rewriteD.rec

36、ite问题9选项A.whatB.whichC.thatD.if问题10选项A.scalesB.cutsC.slowsD.measures问题11选项A.some oneB.oneC.heD.reader问题12选项A.acceleratorB.actorC.amplifierD.observer问题13选项A.thenB.asC.beyondD.than问题14选项A.enablingB.leadingC.makingD.indicating问题15选项A.meaningB.comprehensionC.gistD.regression问题16选项A.butB.norC.orD.for问题17

37、选项A.ourB.yourC.theirD.such a问题18选项A.Look atB.TakeC.MakeD.Consider问题19选项A.forB.inC.afterD.before问题20选项A.masterB.go overC.presentD.get through【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A第6题:C第7题:D第8题:B第9题:A第10题:C第11题:B第12题:A第13题:D第14题:C第15题:B第16题:A第17题:C第18题:B第19题:D第20题:D【解析】1.考查动词辨析。根据原文可知，这里是说“在找工作或升职的过程中”选项D最符合语境

38、。apply一般和介词for连用；do表示“做”；offer表示“提供”，均不符合原文。2.考查副词辨析。A选项quickly“快速地”；B选项easily“容易地”；C选项roughly“粗糙地”；D选项decidedly“果断地”。根据句意“ 阅读和理解的能力是关系到成败的关键”，选项A最符合句意。3.考查上下文语义。A选项good“好的”；B选项curious“好奇的”；C选项poor“贫穷的，匮乏的”；D选项urgent“紧急的”。根据“Yet the unfortunate fact”以及“Most of us develop poor reading”可知，前后应该是相反的情况，也

39、就是说大多数人都不擅长阅读。所以选项C正确。4.考查名词辨析。A选项training“训练”；B选项habits“习惯”；C选项situations“状况”；D选项custom“习俗”。根据句意“我们大多数人在很小的时候就养成了不好的阅读习惯，并且从来没有改掉。”选项B符合句意。5.考查动词辨析。A选项lie in“在于”；B选项combine一般和介词with搭配；C选项touch in“增改”；D选项involve in“涉及，卷入”。根据句意“其最主要的缺点在于语言本身的实际内容词。”选项A符合句意。6.考查上下文语义。根据句意“单独来看，单词本身几乎没有意义，只有当串联成短语、句子和段

40、落时才有意义。”表示几乎没有意义用“little”，所以选项C符合句意。7.考查上下文语义。根据关键词however可知，这里是表示转折的情况。上文提及单词本身没有意义，所以这里想表达“不幸的是，未经训练的读者不会阅读句群。”选项D符合语境。8.考查动词辨析。A选项reuse“重复使用”；B选项reread“重读”；C选项rewrite“重写”；D选项recite“背诵”。根据原文可知，未经训练的读者费劲地一次读一个单词，并且经常退回去重读单词或段落。选项B符合语境。9.考查关系词。根据句意“倒退，也就是回头看刚读过的东西的倾向，是阅读中常见的坏习惯。”填空处缺少的词引导的是宾语从句并且在从句

41、中做主语成分，只有选项A符合要求。10.考查词组辨析。A选项scale down“按比例减少”；B选项cut down“削减”；C选项slow down“减速”； D选项measure“测量”，一般不和介词down搭配。根据原文可知，这里是在讲述另一个降低阅读速度的坏习惯，选项C符合语境。11.考查上下文语义。破折号后面的句子是对“vocalization”的解释，发声是指一个人在阅读的时候，口头上或心里读出每一个单词。所以这里应该用one来指代“任何一个人”，选项B正确。12.考查名词辨析。A选项accelerator“加速器”；B选项actor“演员，行动者”；C选项amplifier“放

42、大器，扩音器”；D选项observer“观察者”。which后面引导的非限制性定语从句是对填空处的解释说明。根据句意“将条子(或帘子)以预定的速度沿书页向下移动”，再结合上下文可知，这种设备是用来提高阅读速度的，所以选项A符合语境。13.考查介词辨析。根据关键词“faster”可知，这里应该使用比较级；再根据句意“为了伸展读者的阅读能力，书中的条子设置得比读者感到舒服的速度稍快一些。”由此可知，只有选项D符合句意。14.考查动词辨析。A选项enable“使能够”；B选项lead“领导，导致”；C选项make“使得”；D选项indicate“表明”。根据句意“加速器迫使读者快速阅读，使逐字阅读成

43、为不可能。”make sth. impossible“使.成为不可能”，选项C正确。15.考查名词辨析。A选项meaning“意义”；B选项comprehension“理解”；C选项gist“主旨，要点”；D选项regression“倒退，复原”。根据原文可知，阅读速度提高了，相对应牺牲的是对文章的理解，所以选项B符合语境。16.考查固定句型搭配。not onlybut (also)为固定句型，意为“不仅而且”，这里是说“当你学会阅读思想和概念时，你不仅会读得更快，而且你的理解力也会提高。”所以选项A正确。17.考查代词辨析。句子的主语是“Many people”，所以这里应使用代词their

44、，所以选项C正确。18.考查介词辨析。根据关键词“for instance”可知，这里是以Charlce Au为例，对作者提出的观点进行论证。以为例用介词“take”，所以选项B正确。19.考查介词辨析。根据下文的内容可知，这里表达的是“在训练之前，Charlce Au的阅读速度是1分钟172字”，所以选项D正确。20.考查动词辨析。A选项master“精通，掌握”；B选项go over“复习，重温”；C选项present“赠送，展现”；D选项get through“完成，到达”。根据句意“他很高兴他能在短时间内读完更多的阅读材料。”选项D符合语境。6. 单选题Shes fainted. Th

45、row some water on her face and shell（ ）.问题1选项A.come roundB.come alongC.come onD.come out【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。come round“顺道拜访，改主意，恢复知觉，苏醒”；come along“出现，一起来”；come on“加油，快点”；come out“出现，出版，结果是”。句意：她昏倒了，往她脸上喷点水，她就会苏醒的。A项符合题意。7. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translat

46、ion on the Answer Sheet.中国人的住宅从前中国人在盖房子的时候，都要先请人看风水，看似迷信，也并非没有道理。按照中国人的想法，任何建筑物都不应该破坏大自然的和谐，而且要让建筑物和大自然融为一体。住在这种房子里的人，会觉得自己不是关在笼子里，而是生活在宁静的大自然里面。所以，中国人盖房子，通常都坐北朝南，以便接受冬天的阳光和夏日的清风。这种房子冬暖夏凉，住在里面非常舒服。【答案】Chinese people used to invite experts to advise them in feng shui principles before building a hous

47、e. It seems to be superstitious, but somehow makes sense. According to the Chinese people, no building should mar the harmony of nature, but instead blend into nature. Those living in such houses would not feel confined in cages, but as if they were living in serene nature. Thus, Chinese houses usua

48、lly face the south so as to have warm sunshine in winter and cool breezes in summer. The house, warm in winter and cool in summer, is comfortable for accommodation.8. 单选题In the US 88 percent of smokers had started before they were 18, despite the fact that it is （ ） to sell cigarettes to anyone unde

49、r that age.问题1选项A.liableB.liberalC.irrationalD.illegal【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。be liable to“易于的，有倾向的”；be illegal to do sth“非法做”。由后半句可知卖烟给18岁以下的人是违法的。故D项正确。句意：在美国88%的人在18岁前就开始吸烟了，尽管卖烟给18岁以下的人是非法的。9. 单选题The police stopped me the other day as I was driving home, because I was（ ） the speed limit.问题1选项A.transcend

50、ingB.exceedingC.surpassingD.overtaking【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项transcend“胜过，超越”；B选项exceed“超过，胜过”；C选项surpass“超越，优于”； D选项overtake“赶上，压倒”。四个选项都有“超过，胜过”的意思，但表示超速只能用exceed。根据句意“那天我开车回家的时候被警察拦住了，因为我超速了。”所以选项B正确。10. 单选题He was so angry that he just couldnt（ ）from telling them what he thought.问题1选项A.hold offB.hold

51、 onC.hold backD.hold up【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。hold back from意为“抑制阻止”。句意“他非常生气，忍不住把自己的想法告诉了他们。”选项C符合句意。11. 单选题There is no（ ） to the house from the main road.问题1选项A.accessB.avenueC.exposureD.edge【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。access“通道，机会”；avenue“林荫大道，方法”；exposure“暴露”；edge“边缘”。句意：没有通道从主路通往那个房子。A项符合题意。12. 单选题With the（ ） of

52、Mary, all the girl students are eager to go to the party.问题1选项A.exhibitionB.exceptionC.exceptD.reception【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。exhibition“展览”；exception“例外，异议”；except“除之外”；reception“接待，接收”。句意：除了Mary外，所有女学生都很渴望去参加聚会。B项符合题意。13. 单选题When making modern cameras, people began to（ ） plastics for metal.问题1选项A.surrou

53、ndB.substanceC.stretchD.substitute【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。surround“环绕，包围”；substance“物质”；stretch“伸展，拉紧”；substitute“替换，代替”。句意：做现代摄像头时，人们开始用塑料替换金属。D项符合题意。14. 单选题The old lady has developed a（ ） cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time.问题1选项A.perpetualB.permanentC.chronicD.sustained【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析

54、。perpetual“永久的，不断的”；permanent“固定的，永恒的，不变的”；chronic“慢性的，长期的”；sustained“持续的，持久的”。句意：这位老妇人患了慢性咳嗽，不能在短时间内完全治好。C项符合题意。15. 单选题I hate people who（ ） the end of a film that you havent seen before.问题1选项A.revealB.rewriteC.reviseD.reverse【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。reveal“揭示，揭露，显露”；rewrite“重写，改写”；revise“修订，复习”；reverse“颠倒，撤

55、销，反转”。句意：我讨厌别人泄露我还没看过的电影的结局。A项符合题意。16. 单选题As a result of the strike, the Government is urging people to be（ ）with electricity.问题1选项A.economicB.economicalC.economyD.economics【答案】B【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项economic“经济上的”；B选项economical“经济的，节俭的”；C选项economy“经济，节约”；D选项economics“经济学”。根据句意“由于罢工，政府正在敦促人们节约用电。”be econom

56、ical with意为“节约使用某物”。选项B正确。17. 单选题The London Marathon is a difficult race.（ ）, thousands of runners participate every year.问题1选项A.ThereforeB.FurthermoreC.AccordinglyD.Nevertheless【答案】D【解析】考查连词辨析。therefore“因此”；furthermore“而且”；accordingly“相应地”；nevertheless“不过，然而”。句意：伦敦马拉松是一个很难的比赛。但是，每年都有成千上万的跑步者参赛。由前后句

57、意可判断这两句是转折关系，故D项正确。18. 单选题We do not have a （ ）school in our institute. The highest degree we provide for the students is a B. A. and a B. S.问题1选项A.continueB.bayC.assistanceD.graduate【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。continue“继续”；bay“海湾”；assistance“援助，帮助”；graduate school“研究生院”。句意：我们学校没有研究生院，我们为学生提供的最高学位是文学学士和理学学士。D项符合

58、题意。19. 单选题At that time, America was faced with the problem of providing jobs for the many（ ） who were pouring into the country.问题1选项A.emigrantsB.migrantsC.inhabitantsD.immigrants【答案】D【解析】考查形近近义词辨析。A选项emigrant“移民（迁出的）”；B选项migrant“移居者”；C选项inhabitant“居民”；D选项immigrant“移民（迁入的）”。根据后面的定语从句“who were pouring

59、 into the country. 涌入这个国家（美国）的人们”可知，这里指的是迁入的移民，所以选项D正确。20. 单选题He found the（ ） media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.问题1选项A.sufficientB.constantC.steadyD.plenty【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。sufficient“足够的，充分的”；constant“持续的，不变的，恒定的”；steady“稳固的，不变的”；plenty“许多，丰富”。句意：媒体对他的不断关注使他无法忍受，因此他决定出国。由intolerable可知B项正确，其他三项都为褒义词，不符合语境。