名词性从句运用与提升

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1、二轮语法复习名词性从句运用与提升【解题指导】考纲明确要求考生应该掌握：名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。近几年来名词性从句各知识点一直受高考命题者的关注，命题者往往考查名词性从句中的语序以及引导词之间的区别。有时候，会结合插入语或名词与同位语隔开，使句子结构复杂化，使得理解难度增加。如果对句子结构掌握不好，对某些词或词组的用法不了解，就容易误判成定语从句、状语从句，从而会用其他从句的规则去解题，造成丢分。因此，在复习备考中要求做到：1充分了解名词性从句的引导词的用法，尤其是that和what引导名词性从句的区别；2从结构入

2、手，掌握名词性从句语序和时态的特殊用法，同时分析名词性从句和状语从句之间的关系及区别；从结构和句意两方面分析定语从句和名词性从句，尤其是定语从句和同位语从句的区别；3准确掌握it作形式宾语的几种情况；4充分理解和掌握that从句作介词宾语的几种特殊情况；5准确把握宾语从句中的否定转移；6准确把握whether和if表示“是否”时的用法和区别；7what在名词性从句中的使用；8doubt后的名词性从句的使用。【点拨提升】一、概念导图二、规律点拨1、高频考点1）引导词that/what的用法区别2）引导词whether/if的用法区别3）wh-ever与no matter+疑问词的用法区别4）th

3、at引导的同位语与定语从句的区别2、名词性从句的功用种 类作 用常用关联词主语从句在复合句中做主语，相当于名词，一般置谓语之前，也可用it作形式主语，主语从句放主句之后从属连词：that, whether, if, 连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whoever, whichever, whomever连接副词：when, where, why, how表语从句在复合句中做表语，相当于名词，位于系动词之后宾语从句在复合句中做动词或介词宾语，相当于名词同位语从句放在名词之后(news, problem, idea, suggestion, advice,

4、thought, hope, fact等) 表明其具体内容2、易混淆的引导词的区别 类 别说 明what与that的区别what表示“所的(东西)”之意,相当于“the +名词+ that /which”或“all that”,可指代不确定的事物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;而that在名词性从句中只起引导作用,不表达任何意思。whether与if的区别两者都表示“是否”,都可引导宾语从句,但下列情况只能用whether:引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时;位于句首时;后跟or not时;作某些及物动词(如discuss、decide、argue等词)的宾语时;与不定式连用时;作介词的宾语时

5、。因此,若if与whether同时出现在选项中,当表示“是否”之意时,一般情况下舍if选whether。wh-与wh-ever的区别wh-ever引导宾语从句时,含有“无论”之意,其引导宾语从句时无疑问意义,而wh-多有疑问之意。no matter + wh-与wh-ever的区别no matter + wh-只能引导让步状语从句;而wh-ever既可引导状语从句,也可引导名词性从句。同位语从句和定语从句的区别前者是对前面的某一名词的内容进行解释或说明；后者一般是对某一名词进行修饰限定。注意：that引导定语从句时要充当句子成分，定语从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，没有实际意

6、义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。如在I had no idea that you were here句中that引导同位语从句，不能省略。 而Have you got the idea (that) this book reveals of life in ancient Greece? 中that引导定语从句，指代the idea,作reveal的宾语，可以省略。3、名词性从句需要关注的考点：易考点说 明It作形式主语的常见结构(1) It + be +形容词（necessary/important/obvious）+ that从句。 (2) It + be + 过去分词(believed

7、/reported/ decided) + that从句。 (3) It + be +名词+ that从句。例如: It is a fact that . (事实是)It is a surprise that . (令人惊奇的是); It is common knowledge that . (是常识)。 (4) It +不及物动词+ that从句。例如:It appears that . (似乎); It happens that . (碰巧); It occurred to me that . (我突然想起)等。 It作形式宾语的常见结构(1) 用在“动词+ it + 补足语(常为形容词)

8、+宾语从句”的句式中。常见的用it作形式宾语的谓语动词有believe; find; make; guess; suppose等。 (2)某些及物动词或短语不能直接加宾语从句,此时用it作形式宾语,然后再接宾语从句,常用于这种结构的动词有like、dislike、hate、appreciate等。 具体为“动词+ it + 从句”。that的省略 一般来讲，在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的that不可省略。而在宾语从句中的that可以省略，但下列情况一般不省略：当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略；由it作形式宾语时；当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动

9、词或从句时；当主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时。 从句与先行词的分隔这种情况多见于同位语从句。为了保持句子平衡，从句与先行词往往被介词短语、副词或谓语等分开。 看题时必须分析好句子结构。从句语序名词性从句永远是陈述句的形式。【易错题演练】1. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions_ had used the products.A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whomever2. People may forget what you said or wh

10、at you did, but they will never forget _ you made them feel.A. why B. how C. what D. that3. It is _ everything in the world changes _ is often a theme in poetry.A. /, which B. that, that C. /, that D. that, what4. _ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whic

11、hever D. Wherever.5. It is obvious that people hold different opinions about _ voluntary services should be financially rewarded. A. that B. if C. how D. whether6. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thatsthe best jobs are.A. where B. what C. when D. why7. Parents are taught to understandimportant

12、education is to their childrens future.A. what B. how C. such D. so8. Its not necessary to explain the truth _ there is spring wind, there is green grassAwhich wherever Bthat whichCwhich when Dthat wherever9. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A. whatev

13、er B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever10. Mary wrote an article onthe team had failed to win the game.A. why B. what C. who D. that11. -Whats made Tommy so upset? - It is _ the game. It shocked him so much. A. for losing B. because of losing C. being lost D. that he lost12. _more countries can use

14、natural energy in the future remains to be seen. A. Whether B. That C. who D. If 13. How is that, Mary? I wonder _ it takes to be a good teacher beyond patience and a great knowledge of kids. Ahow is it thatBwhat it is that Chow it is that Dwhat is it that 14. _ struck me most in the movie that the

15、father sacrificed all his free time for his son. A. ThatB. It C. WhatD. As15. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever16. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street atI thought was a dangerous speed.A. w

16、here B. which C. what D. that17. The shocking news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why18. _ David says sounds right to Helen. Thats why she has made up her mind to leave with him_ happens. A. whatever; whatever B. No matter what; whatever C. No matter what

17、; No matter what D. Whatever; however19. Father made a promise _ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.A. that B. if C. whether D. that if20. It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice. A. that B. if C. whatD. whether21. A warm thought suddenly c

18、ame to meI might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.A. if B. whenC. thatD. which22. Its thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story, believe it or not, we got lost on a rainy night.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when23. When you go by train, please see to_ y

19、ou take an express, _ that only stop at big stations. A. it; which B. that; the one C. it that; one D. it when; / 24. There are many examples throughout the world _ talented players are ignored by their national managers. A. when B. where C. that D. whoseLearning sheet Learning aims: Knowledge aims:

20、 to master the difficult and important points of noun clauses; to apply noun clauses to a compositionSkill aims: to improve your ability of writing Emotion aims: to enhance your sense of cooperation in team workLearning aids: the multimedia, blackboard and paperLearning methods: task-based language

21、learning; cooperative learningLearning procedures:Step One Warm-up-Read learning aimsStep Two Discussion-Discuss multiple choices with the keys within your groups. No._ for your mistakesReasons for your mistakesYour PerformanceExcellentnot bad needing improving Step three Extension-Useful structures

22、 and patternsActivity 1 Fill in the blanks and read aloud1. 显而易见的是阅读会拓宽我们的眼界。_ reading can broaden our horizons. 2. 一些学生认为这是理所当然的，家长应该辛苦工作来养活他们。Some students _ their parents should work hard to raise them.3. 我坚信，通过我们共同努力，我们在以后一定可以享受更多的安全食品。_ through our combined efforts we are bound to enjoy more sa

23、fe foods in the days ahead. 4. 这应该敲响警钟，因为明摆着的事实是为了让每个人都幸存下来，在全球发展方面需要认真作出些改变。This should set the alarm bells ringing because _serious changes need to be made in global development in order for everyone to survive.5. 如果政府继续忽视这一点，很有可能他将付出巨大的代价。If the government continues to turn a blind eye to this po

24、int, _ he may pay a heavy price.6. 另一个问题是当人们正在开会时，手机铃声会打断别人。 _ when people are having a meeting, the ring of the cell phone may interrupt others. 7. 很多人同意这个观点，他们认为转基因食品将会提高粮食产量。_ GM food will increases the production of crops.8. 如果我们能做到如上所述毫无疑问地我们就能精通英语。 _we can have a good command of English.9. 以我看

25、来，真正重要的不是失败本身，而是我们认为失败是什么，以及失败之后我们做什么。In my opinion, _ not failure itself, but what we think of failure and what we do after failure.10. 父亲使我意识到帮助别人的同时也是在帮助自己。Father _helping other people is also giving oneself a hand at the same time.Activity 2 Application -Beautifying the underlined part with stru

26、ctures aboveThe problem of drug abuse deserves great attention of the whole society. (1)Obviously,(_)there are many reasons accounting for young people taking drugs. Some of them take drugs out of curiosity, while others want to rebel against their families and society. Many people even (2)think tha

27、t(_ _) only when they take drugs can they be accepted by their friends who are drug users. (3)Actually,(_ _) abusing drugs is harmful to both physical and mental health. The victims (4)are likely to(_) get addicted to them, then its hard to break the addiction. (5)Besides,(_ _) many addicts are heav

28、ily in debt and are driven to commit crimes, which greatly disturbs the stability of the society. Considering the seriousness of the problem, strict measures should be taken. For example, anti-drug campaigns should be constantly launched to (6)make every citizen know the danger of taking drugs (_ _

29、_).(7)Most importantly,(_) education should be carried out among young people to warn them to stay away from drugs. (8)Undoubtedly,(_ _) the easiest way to avoid the health problems and hardship caused by illegal drugs is not to use them in the first place. (9)I do think(_) with the joint efforts of

30、 the government and the society, the problem of drug abuse will be certainly brought under control. Part four Consolidation-Writing a composition using noun clauses广告与我们的生活息息相关，如何看待电视、网络中大量出现的广告，为此，上周你班也召开了一次主题班会，同学们的主要观点如下。请根据下列意见，用英语写一篇文章，并简要说明自己的看法。 (字数：120字左右)赞同者（65%） 帮助消费者了解商品 重要的是给消费者提供更多选择机会反对者（35%） 虚假广告太多，很可能误导消费者 广告很多，使人心烦你的观点Last week, my class had a heated discussion about the advertisement constantly shown on TV and on the Internet.Step five Homework- Revise your composition within your group8