2022年考博英语-桂林理工大学考前模拟强化练习题27（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-桂林理工大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Like a tired marriage, the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been reassuringly dull. E-books, however, are causing heartache. Libraries know they need digital wares if they are to remain relevant, but many publishers are too wary of piracy a

2、nd lost sales to co-operate. Among the big six, only Random House and HarperCollins license e-books with most libraries. The others have either denied requests or are reluctantly experimenting. In August, for example, Penguin will start a pilot with public libraries in New York.Publishers are wise t

3、o be nervous. Owners of e-readers are exactly the customers they need: book-lovers with money (neither the devices nor broadband connections come cheap). If these wonderful people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them, what then?Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed

4、 books, which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles from where you live, book files can be downloaded at home. Digital library catalogues are often browsed at night, from a comfy sofa. The files disappear from the device when they are due (which means no late fees, nor worry a

5、bout lost or damaged books).Awkwardly for publishers, buying an e-book costs more than renting one but offers little extra value. You cannot resell it, lend it to a friend or burn it to stay warm. Owning a book is useful if you want to savor (品尝)it repeatedly, but who reads “Fifty Shades of Grey” tw

6、ice?E-lending is not simple, however. There are lots of different and often incompatible e-book formats, devices and licenses. Most libraries use a company called OverDrive, a global distributor that secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format. Some 35m titles

7、 were checked out through OverDrive in 2011, and the company now sends useful data on borrowing behavior to participating publishers. Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrives market dominance, as the company can increasingly dictate fees and conditions.Library boosters argue that book

8、borrowers are also book buyers, and that libraries are vital spaces for readers to discover new work. Many were cheered by a recent Pew survey, which found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books. But the report also noted that few people know that e-

9、books are available at most libraries, and that popular titles often involve long waiting lists, which may be what inspires people to buy.So publishers keep tweaking (对稍作调整)their lending arrangements in search of the right balance.Random House raised its licensing prices earlier this year, and Harpe

10、rCollins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times. Penguin plans to keep new releases out of libraries for at least six months, and each book will expire after a year. The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.6. What can we learn about the big six publishers?7. What is the advantage of

11、 electronic borrowing?8. Why are publishers and libraries worried about OverDrives market dominance?9. What was shown in Pew survey?10. What does the author mean by saying “The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.”?问题1选项A.They know they need to cooperate with libraries.B.They have recently s

12、old e-books to most libraries.C.Most of them hesitate in cooperation with libraries.D.They stand out against selling e-books to libraries.问题2选项A.There is no need to worry about deadlines.B.It can pay for the late fees automatically.C.Readers can lend the book files to their friends.D.It is much chea

13、per than traditional printed books.问题3选项A.Publisher and libraries will lose their market shares of e-books.B.OverDrive provides various format of e-books and audio files.C.OverDrive will increasingly divide their profit of e-books. OverDriveD.E-readers will not lend e-books or audio files from libra

14、ries.问题4选项A.The desire to collect popular books inspires people to buy them.B.E-readers in America prefer to buy their e-books from libraries.C.More than half of Americans are book borrowers and book buyers.D.People with library cards usually have to wait for popular e-books.问题5选项A.Many problems abo

15、ut e-book lending need to be solved.B.It is wise for publishers to cooperate closely with libraries.C.Cooperation between publishers and libraries is a win-win strategy.D.Libraries will dominant the book market by lending e-books【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A【解析】6.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第一段四五句话Among the b

16、ig six, only Random House and HarperCollins license e-books with most libraries. The others have either denied requests or are reluctantly experimenting“在六大出版社中，只有兰登书屋和哈珀柯林斯向大多数图书馆授权使用电子书。其他人要么拒绝了请求，要么不情愿地尝试”，由此可知答案选C选项“他们中的大多数人在与图书馆合作方面犹豫不决”。A选项“他们知道他们需要与图书馆合作”，定位到第一段第二句Libraries know they need dig

17、ital wares if they are to remain relevant, but many publishers are too wary of piracy and lost sales to co-operate“图书馆知道，如果要保持相关性，他们需要数字产品，但许多出版商对盗版和销售损失过于谨慎，不愿合作”，这里可知他们是不愿意和图书馆合作的，这里属于反向干扰；B选项“他们最近向大多数图书馆出售了电子书”，见正确选项解析，是某些出版社向大部分图书馆销售电子书并不是全部的出版社，这里属于反向干扰；D选项“他们坚决反对向图书馆出售电子书”，见正确选项解析，因为已经有出版社向图书馆

18、出售电子书了，这里属于反向干扰。7.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第三段倒数第二句The files disappear from the device when they are due (which means no late fees, nor worry about lost or damaged books)“当文件到期时，它们就会从设备上消失（这意味着没有滞纳费，也不用担心丢失或损坏书籍）”，从这里可知时间到了之后文件会自动消失，所以答案选A选项“没有必要担心最后期限”。B选项“它可以自动支付滞纳金”，见正确选项解析，因为文件自动消失所以不存在逾期费，这里属于反向干扰；C选项

19、“读者可以把图书档案借给他们的朋友”，定位到第三段倒数第二句You cannot resell it, lend it to a friend or burn it to stay warm.“你不能转卖它，不能把它借给朋友，也不能把它烧掉取暖”，由此可知C选项错误，属于反向干扰；D选项“它比传统印刷书籍便宜得多”，定位到第三段倒数第三句Awkwardly for publishers, buying an e-book costs more than renting one but offers little extra value“让出版商尴尬的是，买一本电子书比租一本要贵，但几乎没有额外

20、价值”，这里是对比电子书租借和电子书购买的，和纸质书没有关系，D选项全文没有提及，所以不能选，属于无中生有。8.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第五段倒数第一句Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrives market dominance, as the company can increasingly dictate fees and conditions。“然而，出版商和图书馆对OverDrive的市场主导地位感到担忧，因为该公司可以越来越多地控制收费和环境”，从这里可知出版社是担心公司壮大后开始收费分走自己的利润所以答案

21、选C选项“将越来越多地分享电子书的利润”。A选项“出版商和图书馆将失去他们的电子书市场份额”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有，不选；B选项“OverDrive提供各种格式的电子书和音频文件”，定位到第五段第三句Most libraries use a company called OverDrive, a global distributor that secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format“大多数图书馆都使用一家名为OverDrive的全球分销商，这家公司从出版商那里获

22、得版权，并提供各种格式的电子书和音频文件”，由这里可知B选项虽然是正确的，但是这并不是出版商担心的原因，这里属于出处错误，B选项排除；D选项“电子阅读器不会从图书馆借阅电子书或音频文件”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有，不选。9.事实细节题。定位到第六段倒数一二句话Many were cheered by a recent Pew survey, which found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books. But the report also noted

23、 that few people know that e-books are available at most libraries, and that popular titles often involve long waiting lists, which may be what inspires people to buy. “皮尤研究中心最近的一项调查让许多支持电子书进入图书馆的人感到振奋，该调查发现，超过一半拥有图书卡的美国人表示，他们更喜欢购买电子书。但报告也指出，很少有人知道电子书在大多数图书馆都可以买到，而热门书目往往需要排很长的等候名单，这可能是促使人们购买电子书的原因”，

24、由此可知答案选A选项“收集流行书籍的欲望激励人们去购买它们。”B选项“美国电子书阅读者更喜欢从图书馆购买电子书”，见正确选项解析，文章没有提到美国电子书阅读者喜欢在那里买电子书，但是文章有提到大部分人都不知道图书馆可以买电子书，所以这里属于无中生有；C选项“超过一半的美国人是借书人和购书人”，是超过半数拥有图书卡的美国人不是所有美国人，这里属于偷换概念；D选项“有借书证的人通常需要等待流行的电子书”，他们等待的是实体书，因为等不到所以才会转向电子书，这里属于张冠李戴。10.推理判断题。第一步，寻找上下文线索，文章围绕的是出版社和图书馆在电子书出借这个问题上的角力。出版社对电子书出借问题一直持谨

25、慎态度，和图书馆合作做电子书出借项目会影响电子书销售业务，而且出借项目也还有些问题没解决，这些没解决的问题也有可能会导致自己的收益减少，虽然有调查显示电子书出借会推动电子书的销量但是参与电子书出借的三个出版社对图书出借还是设立各种限制。由此可知文章最后一句这样说的原因是A选项“关于电子书借阅还有很多问题需要解决”。B选项“出版商与图书馆密切合作是明智的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；C选项“出版商与图书馆的合作是一种双赢的战略”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；D选项“图书馆将通过借阅电子书主导图书市场”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。2. 单选题Sixteen years ago, Eileen

26、Doyles husband, an engineer, took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea, packed a small case and was never seen or heard of again. Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had been nothing wrong with their marriage.Ev

27、ery day of the year, a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongings and without so much as a note or a good-bye close the front door for the last time, leaving their debts, their worries and their confused families behind them.Last year, more than 1,200 men and nearly as many women wer

28、e reported missing from homethe highest in 15 years. Many did return home within a year, but others rejected the past completely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity.To those left behind this form of desertion is a terrible blow to their pride and self-confidence. Even

29、the finality of death might be preferable. At least it does not imply rejection or failure. Worse than that, people can be left with an unfinished marriage, not knowing whether they will have to wait seven years before they are free to start a fresh life.Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes mos

30、t departures of this kind to be well planned rather than impulsive. “Its typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other peoples pain and difficulties. Running away, like killing yourself, is a highly aggressive act. By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upse

31、t and empty.”The Salvation Armys Investigation Department has a 70 percent success rate in tracking missing people down. According to Lt. Co. Bramwell Pratt, head of the department, men and women run away for very different reasons though lack of communication is often the biggest motive. “The thing

32、s that disturb a mans personality are problems like being tied up in debt or serious worries about work. And some women make impossible demands on their husbands. Women usually leave for more obvious reasons but fear is at the root of it. Men are more often prepared to give their marriage another tr

33、y than women, but we are aware that, for some wives, it would be a total impossibility to return after the way theyve been treated.”6. When her husband left home, Eileen Doyle_.7. Most people who leave their families behind them_.8. The man or woman left behind usually_.9. Paul Brown regards leaving

34、 home in such circumstances as_.10. The Salvation Army believes that_.问题1选项A.could not forgive him for taking the childrenB.had been expecting it to happen for some timeC.could not understand whyD.blamed herself for what had happened问题2选项A.do so without warningB.do so because of their debtsC.come ba

35、ck immediatelyD.change their names问题3选项A.admits responsibility for the situationB.wishes the person who has left were deadC.feels embarrassed and uselessD.will have no legal marriage life for seven years问题4选项A.an act of despairB.an act of selfishnessC.the result of a sudden decisionD.the result of t

36、he enormous sense of guilt问题5选项A.most men run away because of the impossible demands of their wivesB.mens reasons are more understandable than womensC.some women never give their men another chanceD.women are often afraid to start marriage again【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【解析】6.推理判断题，第一步，寻找句内线索定位到第

37、一段倒数一二句话Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had been nothing wrong with their marriage.“艾琳很惊讶，处于绝望的状态。他们曾经是一个幸福的家庭，据她所知，他们的婚姻没有任何问题”，第二步，寻找上下文线索，丈夫离开后她很绝望，而且她认为她们的婚姻很幸福，由此可推测她其实不知道为什么丈夫要离开，答案选C“不知道为什么”；A选项“不能原谅他带走了孩子”，文章没有提及所以不

38、选，这里属于无中生有；B选项“早就料到会发生”，见正确解析，这里属于反向干扰；D选项定位到“为所发生的事责备自己”第五段最后一句By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upset and empty.“通过制造一种缺席，留下的人会感到内疚、不安和空虚”，这是科学家说的并不能运用到艾琳这个个体情况，这里属于张冠李戴。7.事实细节题，第一步，精准定位，定位到第二段Every day of the year, a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongi

39、ngs and without so much as a note or a good-bye close the front door for the last time, leaving their debts, their worries and their confused families behind them.“一年中的每一天，都有一小群男人和女人安静地打包一些物品，没有一张纸条或一句再见，就最后一次关上前门，把他们的债务、烦恼和困惑的家人抛在身后”。第二步，综合理解，由此可知A选项“一声不吭就这样做了”正确；B选项“这样做是因为债务”，见正确选项，从这里可知那些离家出走的人不止

40、是因为债务还有烦恼和困惑，所以B选项错误，这里属于以偏概全；C选项“马上就回来了”，定位到第三段最后一句Many did return home within a year, but others rejected the past completely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity.“很多人在一年内回到了家乡，但也有一些人完全拒绝自己的过去，现在在某个地方以不同的身份过着新的生活”，从这里可以看出那些离家出走的人并没有马上回来，最短的也是一年后才回来的，这里属于偷换概念；D选项“改了名字”

41、，见C选项解析，这里说的是那些不愿意回来的人用另一种身份过着另一种生活但是还有很大一部分人在一年之后回来了，所以D选项错误，不是大部分离家出走的人改了名字，而是大部分离家出走的人都回来了，属于反向干扰。8.事实细节题题，第一步，精准定位，定位到第四段第二句话Even the finality of death might be preferable“甚至死亡可能会更好”，第二步，综合理解，这里文章是说相对于离家出走可能死亡都更能够被接受。B选项“希望离开的人死了”正确；A“承认对出现这种情形有责任”，文章没有提及，这里属于无中生有；C选项“感到尴尬和无用”，定位到第四段第一句话To those

42、 left behind this form of desertion is a terrible blow to their pride and self-confidence“对于那些留下的人来说，这种形式的遗弃对他们的骄傲和自信是一个可怕的打击”，文章是写对骄傲和自尊有打击，而不是觉得尴尬以及无用，这里属于偷换概念；D选项“将没有合法婚姻的生活七年”定位到第四段最后一句话 Worse than that, people can be left with an unfinished marriage, not knowing whether they will have to wait s

43、even years before they are free to start a fresh life.“更糟糕的是，人们可能会有一段未完成的婚姻，不知道他们是否需要等待七年才能自由地开始新的生活”，文章与题干所说需要七年以后才能拥有合法婚姻不符，这里属于曲解原文。9.事实细节题，第一步，精准定位，定位到第五段第二句话Its typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other peoples pain and difficulties“这是一种典型的性格，似乎能够忽视别人的痛苦和困难”，第二步，综合理解，从

44、这里可以看出保罗认为离家出走的人太过于以自我为中心，容易忽略别人的痛苦和困难，所以答案选B“一种自私的行为”；A选项“一种绝望的行为”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；C选项“一种突然的决定”，定位到第五段第一句话Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes most departures of this kind to be well planned rather than impulsive.“临床心理学家保罗布朗认为，大多数这类离开都是经过精心计划的，而不是冲动的。”从这里可以看出保罗认为离家出走并不是一时冲动而是蓄谋已久，这里属于反向干扰；D选项“巨大

45、愧疚感的结果”定位到第五段第三句话By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upset and empty.“通过制造一种缺席，留下的人会感到内疚、不安和空虚”，从这里可以看出是留下的人非常的内疚不是离开的人内疚，这里属于张冠李戴。10.推理判断题，第一步，寻找句内线索，定位到最后一段最后一句话Men are more often prepared to give their marriage another try than women, but we are aware that, for some wives,

46、it would be a total impossibility to return after the way theyve been treated.”“男性比女性更愿意再试一次婚姻，但我们也意识到，对于一些妻子来说，在经历了这种情况后，再想回到婚姻中去是完全不可能的了”，从这里可知那些离家出走的人里，男性会要比女性更愿意结婚，第二步，寻找上下文线索，女性逃离的原因是因为恐惧，综上所述，答案选D“女人常常害怕重新开始婚姻”；A选项“大多数男人逃跑是因为他们的妻子无法满足他们的要求”定位到最后一段三四句话The things that disturb a mans personality

47、are problems like being tied up in debt or serious worries about work. And some women make impossible demands on their husbands. Women usually leave for more obvious reasons but fear is at the root of it.“扰乱男人个性的是债务缠身或对工作的严重担忧等问题。有些妇女对她们的丈夫提出不可能的要求。女性离开的原因通常更为明显，但恐惧是其根源”，从这里可知男性离家出走的原因是债务和工作问题，最后才是他

48、的妻子对他提出不合理的要求，所以A选项属于以偏概全；B选项“男人的理由比女人的更容易理解”，文章没有提到两性之间离家出走的理由的对比，所以这里属于无中生有；C选项“有些女人再也不给男人机会了”，见正确选项解析，两性离家出走的原因很不一样，女性通常是因为家暴，所以他们很难再进入婚姻但是文章并没有说女性没有给过他们丈夫机会，属于无中生有。3. 单选题Romantic love is a culture trait found primarily in industrialized societies. Elsewhere in the world, pragmatic considerations

49、 rather than flights of fancy are often used to make a choice of partner, and romantic love is seen as an unfortunate inconvenience that gets in the way of the ordinary, rational process of mate selection. Traces of this attitude persist in the American upper classes, where daughters are expected to

50、 marry “well” that is, to a male who is eligible by reason of family background and earning potential. Most Americans, however, see romantic love as essential for a successful marriage, and tend to look askance（轻蔑地）at anyone who marries for a more practical reason in which love plays no part.The phe

51、nomenon of romantic love occurs when two young people meet and find one another personally and physically attractive. They become mutually absorbed, start to behave in what appears to be a flighty （充满幻想的）even irrational manner, decide that they are right for one another, and may then enter a marriag

52、e whose success is expected to be guaranteed by their enduring love. Behavior of this kind is portrayed and warmly endorsed （赞同）throughout American popular culture, by books, magazines, comics, records, popular songs, movies, and TV.Romantic love is a noble ideal, and it can certainly provide a basi

53、s for the spouses to “live happily ever after.” But a marriage can equally well be founded on much more practical considerationsas indeed they have been in most societies throughout most of history. Why is romantic love of such importance in the modern world? The reason seems to be that it has some

54、basic functions in maintaining the institution of the nuclear family（小家庭）.31. Romantic love is less frequently found in many non-industrial societies because people in these societies_.32. The underlined word “eligible” in Para. 1 could best be replaced by_.33. According to the passage, most America

55、ns_.34. What can we learn from the second paragraph about romantic love?35. The author seems to believe that_.问题1选项A.firmly believe that only money can make the world go roundB.fail to bring the imaginative power of the mind into full playC.fondly think that flights of fancy prevent them from making

56、 a correct choice of partnerD.have far more practical considerations to determine who will marry whom问题2选项A.qualifiedB.availableC.chosenD.influential问题3选项A.expect their daughters to fall in love with a male at first sightB.regard romantic love as the basis for a successful marriageC.look up to those

57、 who marry for the sake of wealthD.consider romantic love to be the most desirable thing in the world问题4选项A.It is a common occurrence among the old.B.It is primarily described by books.C.It is characterized by mutual attraction and absorption.D.It is rejected as flighty and irrational.问题5选项A.romanti

58、c love makes people unable to think clearly in the process of mate selectionB.only romantic love can make a marriage happy ever afterC.much more practical considerations can also be the basis for a successful marriageD.romantic love plays an insignificant role in maintaining the institution of the n

59、uclear family【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】31.事实细节题。定位到第一段第二句话Elsewhere in the world, pragmatic considerations rather than flights of fancy are often used to make a choice of partner, and romantic love is seen as an unfortunate inconvenience that gets in the way of the ordinary, rational process

60、of mate selection.“在世界上的其他地方，人们在选择伴侣时往往考虑务实而非异想天开，而浪漫的爱情则被视为妨碍正常、理性的择偶过程的不幸的麻烦”，所以答案选C选项“在决定谁将和谁结婚时，有更实际的考虑”。A选项“坚信只有金钱才能使世界运转”，文章没有提及，属于反向干扰。B选项“不能充分发挥想象力”，见正确选项，这里只是说非工业社会的人的择偶观比较务实不是说不能发挥想象力，这里属于推理过度。D选项“天真地认为幻想妨碍了他们正确地选择伴侣”文章没有提及，属于反向干扰。32.推理判断题。第一步，句中前后信息衔接，定位到文章第一段倒数第二句Traces of this attitude

61、persist in the American upper classes, where daughters are expected to marry “well” that is, to a male who is eligible by reason of family background and earning potential.“这种态度的痕迹在美国上层社会依然存在，那里的女孩被期望嫁给好的男人，也就是说，嫁给一个有家庭背景和收入潜力的合适的男人”，这里可以看出这句描述的是美国上层阶级选女婿的条件，从后面的by reason of （处于原因），这里可知合格的女婿是要家庭有背景，

62、以及有潜力的人，所以答案选A“合格的，有资格的”。B选项“可提供的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。C选项“选择的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。D选项“有影响力的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。33.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第一段最后一句话Most Americans, however, see romantic love as essential for a successful marriage, and tend to look askance at anyone who marries for a more practical reason in which love pl

63、ays no part.“然而，大多数美国人认为浪漫的爱情是成功婚姻的必要条件，并倾向于以怀疑的眼光看待那些因为更实际的原因而结婚的人，这些原因中没有爱情的作用”，从这里可知答案选B“认为浪漫的爱情是成功婚姻的基础”。A选项“希望自己的女儿能与男性一见钟情”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。C选项“尊敬那些为财富而结婚的人”，见正确选项解析，这里属于反向干扰。D选项“认为浪漫的爱情是世界上最令人向往的东西”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。34.事实细节题。定位到第二段第一句话The phenomenon of romantic love occurs when two young people me

64、et and find one another personally and physically attractive.“当两个年轻人相遇并发现彼此在个人和外表上都很有吸引力时，浪漫爱情就会发生”从这里可知答案选C选项“它的特点是相互吸引和吸收”。A选项“这在老年人中很常见。”文中没有提及，属于无中生有。B选项“它主要是由书籍描述的”，定位到第三段最后一句话Behavior of this kind is portrayed and warmly endorsed （赞同）throughout American popular culture, by books, magazines, comics, records, popular songs, movies, and TV.“这种行为在美国流行文化中广泛，通过书籍、杂志、漫画、记录、流行歌曲、电影和电视的形式被描绘并被广泛宣传。”从这里可知B选项错误，爱情不止是在书中描写还有漫画、歌谣等，这里属于以偏概全。