2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷62（附答案带详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题It is high time that you_the test paper and_it in.问题1选项A.finish, handB.finished, handedC.finished, to handD.have finished, handed【答案】B【解析】考查固定句型。It is high time that sb. did sth.为固定句型，属于虚拟语气的一种，表示“是某人做某事的时候了” ，句中的and为并列连接词，因此都填动词的过去式，选B。句意：现在是你写完试卷交上来的时候了。2.

2、 单选题Provided that my expense_，I will go with you for the investigation next week.问题1选项A.are paid forB.will be paidC.can be paidD.be paid for【答案】C【解析】考查一般现在时态。provided that表示“假如，设若”，在连接句子时相当于if，由主句中的will可知从句为一般现在时（主将从现）。expense表示“费用（总称）”时为不可数名词，pay在此句中作及物动词，在主动句中pay的宾语为my expense，此处表示被动，因此选C。句意：如果我的费

3、用可以被支付，我下周就和你一起去调查。3. 翻译题Translate the following into English.中国已经发展成为一个全球极富吸引力的、现实的大市场。世界各国和地区不少有远见卓识的企业家，都将目光投向了中国，并从投资活动中获得了丰厚的回报。我相信，中国加入世贸组织后，外商参与中国投资活动的机会将越来越多，自身发展的空间也 越来越大。在中国的投资活动一定能成为沟通世界各国和地区的企业家与中国市场的一座桥梁，促进中国和世界经济共同发展、共同繁荣。【答案】China has developed into a big, extremely attractive and rea

4、listic market in the global context. Many farsighted entrepreneurs from countries and regions around the world have begun to keep an eye on China and gotten substantial profits from their investment activities. I believe that, after Chinas entry into WTO, there will be more opportunities for foreign

5、 entrepreneurs to make investments in China and also lager space for their own development. The investment activities in China will certainly serve as a bridge connecting entrepreneurs from all the countries and regions in the world with the Chinese market, and promote the common economic developmen

6、t and prosperity of China and the world.4. 单选题Professor Kline concludes that competition with research in the universities is so detrimental to teaching that he recommends that the two functions be physically and financially separated by setting up research institutes. I suggested that the developme

7、nt of a sound program of educational research would be much more beneficial to teaching. Such a program would not only improve teaching theory and technique, it would make clear what competencies are required of a good teacher and help professors attain them. Educational research should be required

8、to meet the same standards as scientific research, but it cannot be raised to those standards without comparable support and commitment. Competent educational research is no more a part-time activity than competent scientific research. The relatively trivial educational research so common in the uni

9、versities is an inevitable consequence of trivial commitment by the universities. Rather than belittle such research, the professors have an obligation to see that it is upgraded. Let no one think that educational research is easy: it is concerned with no less than unraveling the complexities of the

10、 human mind. There is no reason to believe that an effective theory and technology of instruction is any easier to achieve than controlled nuclear fusion. It is certainly every bit as worthy.1. Professor Kline believes that competition with research in the universities（）.2. The author wants to impro

11、ve（）.3. The author believes that scientific research（）.4. According to the author educational research（）.5. Educational research in most universities today （）.问题1选项A.leads to the establishment of separate research institutesB.is harmful to teachingC.functions well in the universitiesD.is financially

12、 unsound问题2选项A.research institutesB.development programsC.educational researchD.part-time activity问题3选项A.is not necessarily easier than educational researchB.has standards that educational research cannot attainC.with educational researchD.must be relegated to a part-time activity问题4选项A.is relativel

13、y easyB.is quite complexC.is often trivialD.should have lower standards问题5选项A.receives adequate supportB.is no longer a part-tome activityC.is easy to achieveD.needs more commitment【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。由原文第一段Professor Kline concludes that competition with research in the universi

14、ties is so detrimentaltoteaching that the two functions be physically and financially separated by setting up research institutes.，可知，Professor Kline认为研究成果的竞争会对教育产生负面的影响，从而降低教学质量，即对教学有不利影响。因此，B项为正确答案。2.细节事实题。由原文 the development of a sound program of educational research would be much more beneficial

15、 to teaching.以及Educational research should be required to meet the same standards as scientific research可知，作者认为必须提高educational research的地位，要把educational research和scientific research放在同等重要的位置共谋发展。 A选项research institutes一直就是学校比较重视的方面；B选项并未在文中单独说明； D选项也不是侧重点。因此，C项符合原文，为正确答案。3.观点态度题。由原文Educational resea

16、rch should be required to meet the same standards as scientific research, but it cannot be raised to those standards without comparable support and commitment.可知，作者认为教育研究应该与科学研究有一样的标准，但是如果没有同等的投入和支持，无法实现这些标准。因此，B项认为“科学研究的有些标准，教育研究无法实现”是正确答案。故本题选择B项。4.细节事实题。根据原文Let no one think that educational resea

17、rch is easy: it is concerned with no less than unraveling the complexities of the human mind.可知，作者认为教育研究并不简单，难度不亚于解开人类思维的复杂性。故本题正确答案为B项。5.细节事实题。通过原文The relatively trivial educational research so common in the universities is an inevitable consequence of trivial commitment by the universities. Rather

18、 than belittle such research, the professors have an obligation to see that it is upgraded.可知，如今在大学中，教育研究需要更多的承诺，教授们有责任促进教学科研水平的提高，而不是减少这类研究。因此，D项是正确答案。5. 单选题Even as a girl,_to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.问题1选项A.performing by Melissa wereB.it was known that Meliss

19、as performances wereC.knowing that Melissas performances wereD.Melissa knew that performing was【答案】D【解析】考查句子结构与同位语。分析句子结构，可知and为连词，后面接的是一个完整的句子，因此and前也应为一个句子，空格处缺少主语，根据Even as a girl可知a girl是主语的同位语，因此D选项符合语法和句式要求。句意：即使是个小女孩时，梅丽莎就知道表演是她的生命，而剧院的观众是她最好的老师。6. 单选题Surprisingly, no one knows how many child

20、ren receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept.We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hosp

21、ital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital.Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England, which admit children hav

22、e no teacher. A further quarter has only a part-time teacher. The special childrens hospitals in major cities do best general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off.From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacherand

23、that contact may be as little as two hour s a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents of their own school. If there was a teacher, they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work, without a t

24、eacher they would only play games.Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when patents offered

25、 to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”.Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up

26、 as best they can.Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.1. The author points out at the beginning that_.2. It can be inferred from the latest survey that_.3. Children in hospi

27、tal usually turn to_in order to catch up with their school work.4. We can conclude from the passage that the author is_.问题1选项A.every child in hospital receives some teachingB.not enough is known about hospital teachingC.hospital teaching is of poor qualityD.the special childrens hospitals are worst

28、off问题2选项A.hospital teaching across the country is similarB.each hospital has at least one part time teacherC.all hospital surveyed offer education to childrenD.only one-fourth of the hospitals have full-time teachers问题3选项A.hospital teachersB.schoolmatesC.parentsD.school teachers问题4选项A.unfavorable to

29、wards children receiving education in hospitalsB.in favor of the present state of teaching in hospitalsC.unsatisfied with the present state of hospital teachingD.satisfied with the results of the latest survey【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的no one knows how many children receive educatio

30、n in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education（没有人知道有多少孩子能在英国的医院接受教育，更不用说教育的内容和质量了）可知B选项“对医院教学知之甚少”符合题意。2.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的It is found that half the hospitals in England, which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter has only a part-time teacher.（据发现，英国有一半的医院没有教师。

31、另外四分之一的医院只有兼职教师）可推测只有四分之一的医院有全职教师，因此选D。3.细节事实题。由文章倒数第二段中的Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work.（孩子们往往依靠相关的学校朋友来赶上学校的功课）可知选B。4.观点态度题。本文主要介绍了医院中的存在的教学问题，比如教师的严重缺少。根据调查结果及文章最后一段中的But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed

32、by many of the children interviewed.（但学校在缓解许多受访儿童对落后的焦虑方面收效甚微）可知作者对当前的医院教学现状是不满意的，因此选C。7. 单选题Her parents wanted to change her mind so they tried to_her to their way of thinking.问题1选项A.convertB.alterC.transferD.convey【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项convert“(使)转变，改变”，指改变形式、特性、信仰、观点等；B选项alter“改变，更改”指部分更改，仍保留本质和总体结构

33、；C选项transfer“(使)转移，搬迁，(使)调动”；D选项convey“表达，传递(思想、感情等)”。根据指their way of thinking可知选A。句意：她的父母想改变她的想法，所以他们试图让她转变到他们的思维方式。8. 单选题To develop light industry in a big way（）to improving the peoples livelihood.问题1选项A.owesB.attributesC.distributesD.contributes【答案】D【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项owes to.归功于，因为B选项attributes to把归功

34、于；C选项 distributes to分销，分发给；D选项contributes to对有贡献，有好处。根据句意可知，大力发展轻工业有利于提高人民生活水平，因此D项正确。9. 单选题More attention was paid to the quality of production in France at the time of Rene Coty. Charles Deschanel was then the financial minister. He stressed that workmanship and quality were more important than qu

35、antity for industrial production. It would be necessary to produce quality goods for the international market to complete with those produced in other countries. The French economy needed a larger share of the international market to balance its import and export trade.French industrial and agricult

36、ural production was still inadequate to meet the immediate needs of the people, let alone long-ranged developments. Essential imports had stretched the national credit to the breaking point. Rents were tightly controlled, but the extreme inflation affected general population most severely though the

37、 cost of food. Food costs took as much as 80 per cent of workers income. Wages, it is true, had risen and there was full-time and overtime employment. Taken together, these factors enabled the working class to exist but allowed them no sense of security. In this precarious and discouraging situation

38、, workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages.The government was reluctant to let workers leave the country. It was feared this migration of workers would deplete the labor force. The lack of qualified workers might hinder the improvement in the quality of industrial products produced. Qu

39、alified workers produced in foreign countries. Also the quantity of quality goods produced in France would not be able to increase as part of its qualified labor force moved to other countries.1. According to the passage, the French workers were（）.2. Rene Coty and Charles Deschanel were both interes

40、ted in（）.3. The French government was reluctant to let the workers leave the country because（）.4. Rents in France（）.5. According to the passage, the French government（）.问题1选项A.better paid than the workers in any other European countries.B.able to save more money with the increase in their wages.C.an

41、xious to work abroad.D.often unable to find work in France.问题2选项A.better quality in productionB.increasing quantity in productionC.having the government raise tariffs on foreign importsD.eliminating unions in France问题3选项A.it would enlarge the working forceB.it would hinder the improvement of quality

42、 in industrial productionC.it would hinder the increase in quantity of exportsD.it would damage the imports问题4选项A.were extremely highB.were extremely controlledC.took as much as 80 percent of the workers incomeD.had doubled in two years问题5选项A.prohibited French to work abroadB.reduced taxes to fight

43、inflationC.paid family allowances and benefitsD.prohibited the French workers to join labor unions【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。根据文章的第二段：In this precarious and discouraging situation, workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages.可知：在这种不稳定和令人沮丧的情况下，法国工人想出国工作以获得高薪。因此，C项anxious to

44、work abroad“渴望出国工作”正确。2.细节事实题。由文章第一段More attention was paid to me quality of production in France at the time of Rene Coty. Charles Deschanel was then the financial minister. He stressed that workmanship and quality were more important than quantity for industrial production.可知：Rene Coty在位期间，法国很关注产品

45、质量，而时任财政部长的Charles Deschanel更是坚持产品的质量比数量更为重要。因此，A项正确。3.细节事实题。由文章最后一段The lack of qualified workers might hinder the improvement in the quality of industrial products produced.可知：如果工人们去国外打工，可能会影响本国产品质量的提升。所以，政府不希望工人们离开法国去国外工作。因此，B项正确。4.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中部Rents were tightly controlled可知：租金被严格地控制着。因此，B项正确。5

46、.推理判断题。由文章第三段 The government was reluctant to let workers leave the country. It was feared this immigration of workers would deplete the labor force.可知：政府担心移民会削弱本国劳动力，所以不愿意让工人离开法国，出国工作。因此，正确答案为A选项。10. 翻译题Translate the following into Chinese. Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE 2.

47、 In 1899, the headof the U.S. Patent Office proposed that his office be closed, because everything that can be invented has already been invented. Then hegot on his horse and rode home!3. This senator was terrible to his staff, particularly his speechwriter. On one occasion, he called the poor soul

48、into his office on Fridayafternoon at five oclock and said, Heres a famous quote I want to usein my speech on Monday morning. But I need to know who said it. Find out bythen or youre fired.” One thing you need to know is that it happened in 1950s,when there was no such a thing called Internet.4. The

49、 Chinese have a general characteristic, a remarkable skill inimitation, which is exercised not merely in daily life, but also in art.5. Learning the rules the MLA Handbook outlines will help you becomea writer whose work deserves serious consideration.【答案】1.初级和中级研究对于语言学习的科学知识同样重要。2.1899年，美国专利局局长提议关闭

50、他的办公室，因为所有可以发明的东西都已经发明了。然后他骑马回家了！3.这位参议员对他的职员很差，特别是对他的演讲稿撰写人。有一次，他在星期五下午五点把这个可怜的人叫进办公室，说：“这是我想在星期一上午的演讲中引用的一句名言。但我要知道是谁说的。不然你就被解雇了。”有一件事你需要知道，那就是它发生在20世纪50年代，当时没有一种叫做互联网的东西。4.中国人有一个普遍的特点，即在模仿上有一种非凡的技能，这个技能不仅在日常生活中运用，而且在艺术中也运用。5.学习MLA手册中所概括的规则将有助于你成为一个认真考虑自己作品的作家。11. 单选题He thinks that method is preva

51、lent.问题1选项A.advancedB.commonC.difficultD.old-fashioned【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。题目中prevalent表示“普遍发生的；盛行的”；A选项advanced“先进的；高级的”；B选项common为“共同的，常见的，普遍的”；C选项difficult为“困难的，艰难的”；D选项old-fashioned为“老式的，过时的”。因此，正确答案是B项。句意：他认为这个方法很普遍。12. 单选题The Space Age_in October 1975 when the first artificial satellite was launch

52、ed by the former Soviet Union.问题1选项A.initiatedB.originatedC.embarkedD.commenced【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项 initiate“开始，发起”，一般指活动，团体的产生；B选项originate“起源于，来自，产生”；C选项embark“上船，装船，从事”，后面常接介词on/upon；D选项commence“开始”，指重大事件及历史时期的开始。根据The Space Age（太空时代）和 the first artificial satellite（第一颗人造卫星）可知是一件重大事件，因此选D。句意：太空时代始

53、于1957年10月，当时苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星。13. 单选题Human population growth is a menace to nonhuman life forms on our planet.问题1选项A.hindranceB.misfortuneC.catastropheD.threat【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项hindrance n.障碍，妨碍；B misfortune n.不幸，灾祸，灾难；C选项 catastrophe n.大灾难，灾祸；D选项threaten.威胁，恐吓。句意：人口的增长是对地球上非人类生物生存的威胁。根据句意可知D项正确。14. 单

54、选题We must look beyond_and assumptions and try to discover what is missing.问题1选项A.justificationsB.illusionsC.manifestationsD.specifications【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项justification“借口，理由”；B选项illusion“错觉，幻想”；C选项manifestation“表示，表明”；D选项specification“规格，说明书”。根据并列连词and可知空格处与assumptions的意思接近，因此选B。句意：我们必须超越幻想和假设，努力

55、发现缺失的东西。15. 单选题He is not a very credible lecturer.问题1选项A.well-knownB.religiousC.ordinaryD.believable【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。credible表示“可靠的；可信的”；A选项为“著名的；众所周知的”；B选项为“宗教的，严谨的”；C选项为“普通的；一般的”；D选项为“可信的”。根据句意可知，他不是一个可信的演讲者。因此，D项为正确答案。16. 单选题When the Group of Seven was formed in 1920, the artists hoped for recogn

56、ition of their works and ideas. In the catalog to their first exhibition, they actually invited adverse criticism-but only because what they feared most was indifference. At a time when Canada was coming into its own, they felt that a major factor in the development of a strong and healthy nation wa

57、s a vital and relevant art. They hoped that their works would make a significant contribution to the evolution of a truly Canadian art tradition. Therefore, the Groups desire to paint the Canadian landscape lays the genuine conviction that it was the northern landscape that represented and expressed

58、 the countrys unique character. It was this concept that was to capture the imagination of so many Canadians.Today there is every indication that the Group has attained its goals. These artists have achieved widespread popular success and acclaim, and their works have been heralded as one of the bas

59、ic symbols of Canadian culture. They have been honored with exhibitions, degrees and medals; reproductions of their works can be found one very thing from posters to postage stamps.As frequently happens with popular trends, there has been a tendency to romanticize the accomplishments of the Group, w

60、hich has inevitably caused many misconceptions to develop. The most common of these is the popular belief that the Seven were violently criticized in the first Group shows. However, the truth of the matter is that the reviews for these early shows were nearly all favorable.1. What does the passage m

61、ainly discuss?2. The author implies that the Group of Seven welcomed adverse criticism because it would（）.3. The author implies that the members-of the Group of Seven were（）.4. According to the passage, all of the following were major goals of the Group of Seven EXCEPT（）.5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way in which the Group of Seven was honored?问题1选项A.The origin of Canadian traditions.B.The seven symbols of CanadaC.Popular trends in Canadian art.D.A group of seven Canadian artists.问题2选项A.help them to improve as artists.B.mean that their wo