2022年考博英语-广东工业大学考试名师点拨押题密卷29（含答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-广东工业大学考试名师点拨押题密卷（含答案详解）1. 单选题The council in charge refused to give its（ ）to the building scheme proposes by this joint venture company.问题1选项A.sanctionB.guaranteeC.trustD.confirmation【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。 sanction制裁；guarantee保证，担保；trust信任，信赖；confirmation确实，证实。句意：主管委员会拒绝对这家合资公司提出的建筑方案给予确认。只有D项符合题

2、意。2. 单选题The ambulance services worked（ ）hauling people trapped in the building to safety.问题1选项A.on the declineB.on the contraryC.for a changeD.round the clock【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。on the decline在衰退中； on the contrary正相反；for a change为了改变一下；round the clock昼夜不停地，不知疲倦地。由ambulance以及后面的“hauling people trapped in

3、 the building to safety. 把困在楼里的人拉到安全的地方”可知急救车昼夜不停地运输被困人员。故D项符合题意。句意：救护车服务不分昼夜地把困在大楼里的人拉到安全的地方。3. 单选题Police and landlords in Wincanton and Caste Cary have united to send a very clear message that drugs will not be（ ）in the towns, after traces of Class A substances were discovered on pub premises.问题1选

4、项A.transportedB.tightenedC.toleratedD.threatened【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。transported运输的；tightened 变紧的；tolerated 可接纳的 ； threatened受到威胁的。句意：在酒吧场所发现a类物质的踪迹后，Wincanton和Caste Cary的警察和酒吧老板联合发出了一个非常明确的信息，即镇上将不再容许毒品。C项符合句意。4. 单选题Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment, has been

5、continuously practiced by humans for some 20,000 years. Together with other activities（1）ritualistic in origin but have come to be designated as artistic（such as music or dance）, painting was one of the earliest ways in which man（2）to express his own personality and his（3）understanding of an existen

6、ce beyond the material world.（4）music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day. The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction（5）the 15,000-year-old cave murals of Lascaux some examples（6）to the considerable powers of draftsman

7、ship of these early artists. And painting, like other arts, exhibits universal qualities that（7）for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate.The major（8）examples of early painting anywhere in the world are found in Western Europe and the Soviet Union. But some 5,000 year

8、s ago, the areas in which important paintings were executed（9）to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions.（10）, Western shared a European cultural traditionthe Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World.Western painting is in general distinguished by

9、its concentration（11）the representation of the human（12）, whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world. The Renaissance（13）this tradition through a（14）examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and persp

10、ective in the visible world, linking painting（15）the developing sciences of anatomy and optics. The first real（16）from figurative painting came with the growth of landscape painting in the 17th and 18th centuries. The landscape and figurative traditions developed together in the 19th century in an a

11、tmosphere that was increasingly（17）“painterly” qualities of the（18）of light and color and the expressive qualities of paint handling. In the 20th century these interests（19）to the development of a third major tradition in Western painting, abstract painting, which sought to（20）and express the true n

12、ature of paint and painting through action and form.问题1选项A.may have beenB.that may haveC.may haveD.that may have been问题2选项A.seekB.soughtC.seek forD.sought for问题3选项A.emergingB.emergencyC.mergingD.merger问题4选项A.AsB.UnlikeC.LikeD.Since问题5选项A.fromB.toC.intoD.for问题6选项A.ratifyB.testifyC.certifyD.gratify问题7

13、选项A.make easyB.make it easyC.make hardD.make it hard问题8选项A.extinctB.extentC.extantD.exterior问题9选项A.had shiftedB.have shiftedC.shiftingD.shifted问题10选项A.NeverthelessB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Therefore问题11选项A.toB.inC.onD.for问题12选项A.figureB.shapeC.shadowD.form问题13选项A.extractedB.extendedC.extortedD.extruded问题

14、14选项A.closingB.closeC.closedD.closure问题15选项A.onB.forC.inD.to问题16选项A.breakB.breakageC.breakdownD.breaking问题17选项A.concerned withB.concerningC.concerning withD.concerned for问题18选项A.reactionB.actionC.interactionD.relation问题19选项A.distributedB.attributedC.contributedD.construed问题20选项A.discoverB.uncoverC.r

15、ecoverD.cover【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A第6题:B第7题:B第8题:C第9题:D第10题:D第11题:C第12题:A第13题:B第14题:B第15题:D第16题:A第17题:A第18题:C第19题:C第20题:B【解析】1.考查定语从句的谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“41 ritualistic in origin but have come to be designated as artistic（such as music or dance）”作为定语从句修饰限定先行词activities，因此可排除A选项和C选项。而由连词but以及后文出现的h

16、ave come可以判断空缺处谓语动词也应为完成时态，因此本题正确答案为D选项。2.考查动词搭配。seek to do 表示 “试图做某事，尝试做某事”，而seek for 表示“追求，寻找，探索”，后常接名词作宾语。根据句子时态可确定空缺处应选择过去时，而空缺后出现介词to，由此可以判断，本题正确答案为B选项。3.考查形近词词义辨析。A选项emerging表示“a.新兴的，走向成熟的”；B选项emergency表示“n. 紧急情况，突发事件；a.紧急的，应急的”；C选项merging是merge的现在分词，表示“合并，融入”；D选项merger表示“n.合并，并购，吸收”。由原文可知，空缺处

17、需修饰名词understanding，因此空缺处应选择形容词，故排除C选项和D选项。而由句意可知，绘画是人类表达自己个性和对物质世界之外存在的理解日渐成熟的最早方式之一。因此，只有A选项词义最符合原文句意。4.考查连词的辨析。由后文出现的“however”可知，句子前后部分存在转折关系，句意可理解为：不像音乐和舞蹈，早期绘画形式的范本一直延续到今天。因此本题正确答案为B选项。5.考查固定搭配辨析。固定搭配“derive from”表示“源自，来自”。因此本题正确答案为A选项。6.考查动词词义辨析。A选项ratify表示“批准，认可”；B选项testify表示“证明，证实”，testify to

18、表示“证明，说明”；C选项certify表示“证明，保证”，certify to表示“书面证明”；D选项gratify表示“使满足，使高兴”。由此可知，B选项更符合原文含义和搭配，故本题正确答案为B选项。7.考查上下文联系以及固定搭配。由上下文语义可知，绘画和其他艺术一样，展示了所有国家和文明的观众都能容易理解和欣赏的普遍品质，可排除C、D选项。而make it+形容词属于固定表达结构，因此，本题正确答案为B选项。8.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项extinct表示“a.灭绝的，绝种的”；B选项extent表示“n.程度，范围，长度”；C选项extant表示“a.现存的，显著的”；D选项exter

19、ior表示“a.外部的，外在的”。根据句意“世界上任何地方早期绘画的主要（ ）范本都是在西欧和苏联发现的”可知，只有C选项词义最符合原文句意。故本题正确答案为C选项。9.考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，空缺处应为主句谓语动词，而由句意可知，描述的是过去的事情，所以应选用一般过去时，且主语the areas与谓语动词属于主动关系，故本题正确答案为D选项。10.考查连词的使用。上文中讲到“大约5000年前，重要画作的完成地转到了地中海东部和邻近地区”。这是造成“西方与欧洲有着共同的文化传统”的原因，说明上下文之间存在因果关系，因此D选项“therefore”为本题最佳答案。11.考查固定搭配。固定

20、结构“concentration on”表示“注意力集中于”。因此本题正确答案为C选项，12.考查名词词义辨析。A选项figure表示“画像，图形，（人的）体形”；B选项shape表示“形状，身材，模型”；C选项shadow表示“阴影，庇护”；D选项form表示“形式，形态，外形”。human figure表示“人物画像”，因此本题正确答案为A选项。13.考查动词词义辨析。A选项extracted表示“提取，萃取”；B选项extended表示“延伸，扩展”；C选项extorted表示“敲诈，侵占，强求”；D选项extruded表示“挤压出，驱逐”。根据后文through可知，本题正确答案为B选

21、项。动词词组extend though表示“贯穿，延伸”。14.考查同根词辨析。空缺后出现名词examination，由此说明空缺处部分为形容词。A选项closing表示“a.结束的，结尾的”；B选项close表示“a.紧密的，仔细的，在即的”；C选项closed表示“a.关着的，不公开的”；D选项closure表示“n.关闭，终止结束”。close examination表示“仔细审查”，因此本题正确答案为B选项。15.考查固定搭配。动词词组link to表示“把和联系在一起”。因此本题正确答案为D选项。16.考查同根词词义辨析。A选项break表示“n.间断，休息，破裂”；B选项break

22、age表示“破坏，破损”；C选项breakdown表示“故障，崩溃，分解”；D选项breaking表示“破坏，阻断”。由后文“The landscape and figurative traditions developed together in the 19th century”可知，17世纪和18世纪，绘画画风由写实主义画风转向风景画画风，出现了19世纪两种画风并存的局面。由此可知，写实主义画风被风景画画风打断，故本题正确答案为A选项。17.考查动词词组以及固定搭配。动词词组concern with表示“使关心，挂念”，concern for表示“为担心”。固定结构be concerne

23、d with表示“参与，涉及，关注”，最符合原文含义，故本题正确答案为A选项。18.考查名词词义辨析。A选项reaction表示“反应，感应，反作用”；B选项action表示“行动，活动，情节”；C选项interaction表示“相互作用，相互影响”；D选项relation表示“关系，叙述，亲属关系”。由原文出现的“the expressive qualities of paint handling”可知，19世纪关注的是指光和颜料相互作用下的绘画质量以及颜料处理的表现力。因此本题正确答案为C选项。19.考查动词词义辨析。A选项distributed表示“分配，散开，分开”；B选项attrib

24、uted表示“归于，属性化”；C选项contributed表示“促进，对有贡献”，常和to构成搭配，表示“有助于，促成”；D选项construed表示“分析，解释，翻译”，常与as构成搭配，表示“解释为”。由原文句意可知，19世纪的这些独特喜好就促成了20世纪第三大画风传统抽象派画风的出现。因此本题正确答案为C选项。20.考查动词词义辨析。A选项discover表示“发现，发觉”；B选项uncover表示“揭开，揭示”；C选项recover表示“恢复，弥补，重新获得”；D选项cover表示“覆盖，掩护，报导”。由原文句意可知，抽象派画风力求通过动作和形式来揭开和表现绘画和油画的本质。空缺处单词

25、与express应为近义词，由此可以确定本题正确答案为B选项。5. 单选题In the world of big business; James Linton is precocious in the extreme. Just two years into the job of reviving one of the most illustrious names in retail finance, RoCom, he has found himself a key player, in one of the richest and certainly most audacious deal

26、s in the industry PTLs takeover of RoCorm.PTL is paying 25 a share for RoCom-approximately 40 percent more than the market value of the sharesand its offer document boasted that “PTL attaches great importance to key employees having appropriate performance related remuneration.” Initially wary about

27、 the takeover, Linton has now negotiated a hands-off agreement with PTL, which confirms its intention to leave him very much to his own devices to continue building the business. All this and he will not turn 38 for another fortnight!Although Linton is credited with turning RoCom around, this is mor

28、e a matter of work in progress than actual achievement. Yet he does seem to have instituted the biggest top-level shake-up in its near 70-year history, promoted some big-hitters amongst key staff and transformed RoComs way of doing business.Linton has, however, warned that the takeover is by no mean

29、s a guarantee of future success; indeed, deteriorating market conditions suggest that the way forward will be anything but smooth. Linton recently ventured the hypothesis that being shareholder owned had, in recent years, helped the business focus and argued that the sectors experience of rival take

30、overs was not encouraging. Indeed, the recently reported performance of rival organizations such as Maften Limited has not promoted the no-Linton.It may have been his ideas about independence that made Linton address RoComs 900 staff on the day the takeover was announced, rather than doing high-prof

31、ile media interviews on what was immediately seen as a fantastic deal for share-holders. He is acutely aware of the need to nurture his staff if the business is to succeed, something which is not lost on them. This is not a management-school dictum. It is a genuine belief that every member of staff

32、has contributed to the firm and enabled it to net 1.9 billion from PTL. Other CEOs say he is arrogant, but this probably reflects the fact that Linton may find talking to them difficult. He is also ferociously intelligent, and, while in others this could appear intimidating, in Linton it awakes furt

33、her admiration amongst loyal employees. They clearly do not feel they have to grovel in front of this mastermind, and claim that although hes incredibly dedicated to his work, he has an affable manner.Linton boasts that staff turnover rates at RoCom have remained low for the industry, at about 12 pe

34、rcent since he took over as CEO two years ago. “People have a real affection for RoCom, and that runs right through the office here. They all want us to be number one.” he says. He is aware of the possibility that the collegiate ethos he has worked so hard to create, the meritocracy on which he thin

35、ks much of RoComs success depends, could be destroyed if PTL is too heavy- handed. He will need all his skills to keep RoCom on course, particularly when attention has immediately focused on the possibility that Susan Marshall, its respected investment chief, might be the first casualty of the takeo

36、ver. Whatever the future holds for RoCom, we are certain to go on hearing a lot more of James Linton.1. What is PTL doing, according to paragraph 2?2. What do we learn about Lintons work at RoCom in paragraph 3?3. What does Linton say about RoCom in paragraph 4?4. Which of the following is said abou

37、t Lintons management style?5. How does Linton feel about the takeover, according to paragraph 6?问题1选项A.Allowing Linton to run RoCom in the way he wishes toB.Purchasing majority of the RoCom shares on offerC.Giving all RoCom staff regular bonuses to promote motivationD.Drawing up new employment contr

38、acts for RoCom employees问题2选项A.He has achieved more than anyone in RoComs history.B.He has widened the range of RoComs business activities.C.He has taken on a number of new employees.D.He has made changes to senior management.问题3选项A.The company is likely to face difficult times.B.The company has los

39、t a number of experienced staff.C.The company is expecting to report encouraging results shortly.D.The company needs to change its focus to remain competitive.问题4选项A.He involves others in the decision-making process.B.His staff find him approachable.C.He expects his staff to work as hard as he does.

40、D.His style differs from that of other CEOs.问题5选项A.Pleased that staff turnover finally started to fall two years agoB.Afraid that he will lose his job to Susan MarshallC.Worried that the company culture might changeD.Happy that employ employees have been so supportive of his work【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A第

41、4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第二段倒数第二句提到现在，林顿已经与PTL谈判达成了一项不干涉协议，这证实了PTL打算让林顿根据自己的意愿继续发展业务（Linton has now negotiated a hands-off agreement with PTL, which confirms its intention to leave him very much to his own devices to continue building the business），因此选项A符合题意。2.判断推理题。文章第三段提到林顿似乎确实实施了公司近70年历史上规模最大的高层人事变

42、动，在关键员工中提拔了一些重量级人物，并改变了RoCom的经营方式Y（et he does seem to have instituted the biggest top-level shake-up in its near 70-year history, promoted some big-hitters amongst key staff and transformed RoComs way of doing business），选项D符合题意。3.细节事实题。文章第四段第一句可以知道公司正面临一些问题，处在艰难时期，选项A符合题意。4.细节事实题。文章倒数第二段倒数第一句提到虽然林顿全

43、身心投入工作，但是他依然给人一种和蔼可亲的感觉（they clearly do not feel they have to grovel in front of this mastermind, and claim that although hes incredibly dedicated to his work, he has an affable manner），选项B符合题意。5.判断推理题。文章最后一段提到林顿认为如果PTL太过严厉，他努力经营的学员风气就会被摧毁（He is aware of the possibility that the collegiate ethos he

44、has worked so hard to create, the meritocracy on which he thinks much f RoComs success depends, could be destroyed if PTL is too heavy-handeD.，由此可知他是害怕公司文化会改变，选项C符合题意。6. 单选题Oak Ridge residents are encouraged to their unused medicine on Saturday at（ ）Operation Medicine Cabinet.问题1选项A.dispose ofB.devi

45、ate fromC.adhere toD.adjust to【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。dispose of处理，转让，解决；deviate from偏离，脱离；adhere to坚持，粘附；adjust to调节。句意：橡树岭居民被鼓励在周六处理他们医药箱中从未使用的药品。A项符合题意。7. 单选题To give you a general idea of our products, we enclose the catalogues showing various products handled by us with detailed（ ）and means of packing.问

46、题1选项A.samplesB.specimensC.inspectionsD.specifications【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。sample样品；specimen样本；inspection视察，检查；specification规格，说明书。向客户寄送的产品目录中应包含对于产品的详细说明书。故D项正确。句意：为了让您对我们的产品有一个大致的了解，随信附上产品目录，其中包括我们所经营的各种产品的详细说明书，以及包装方法。8. 单选题Even though Cochran beat McDaniel by more 6,000 votes in the national election,

47、 the latter didnt（ ）, complaining that African Americans voting for Cochran lost him the race.问题1选项A.tangleB.concedeC.tormentD.stalk【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项tangle表示“（和）争吵；打架；使缠结在一起”；B选项concede表示“让步，承认，退让”；C选项torment表示“折磨，痛苦，捉弄”；D选项stalk表示“追踪，偷偷接近”。根据even though可判断前后两句为让步关系，由后文“complaining that African

48、Americans voting for Cochran lost him the race”可知，McDaniel抱怨是非洲裔美国人投票给Cochran才导致他输掉了竞选，说明他依然对这件事耿耿于怀，可见他并不承认失败。因此，本题正确答案为B选项。9. 单选题Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children（ ）a violent act previously seen on television.问题1选项A.duplicatingB.acceleratingC.stimulatingD.modifying【答案

49、】A【解析】考查动词辨析。duplicate复制；accelerate加速，促进；stimulate刺激，鼓舞；modify修改，修饰。从前后语义可推测儿童与从电视上看到的暴力行为之间的关系，应该是儿童模仿电视上的暴力行为。故A项正确。句意：最近有一些儿童模仿电视上的暴力行为的报道。10. 翻译题In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name，to propitiate the ancest

50、ors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places.In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, havi

51、ng children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to be

52、ar children（or males）is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce.Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family -they need children to enrich the circle, to valida

53、te its family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world. To

54、 most people, such a home base, in. the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance and in generational extension.【答案】在某些社会中，人们希望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭原因:传宗接代，光宗耀祖，讨好祖辈;使包括家庭在内的宗教仪式正常运作。这样的理由在现代世俗化的社会中可能显得苍白无力，但在其他地方，它们曾经是而且确实是强有力的。此外，有一类家庭原因,即为了维持或改善婚姻而生孩子,与下列原因有共同的边界。比如生孩子是为了稳住丈夫或占有妻子;修复或恢复婚姻活力

55、;增加孩子的数量是基于家庭幸福就在于此的假设。相反的情况更强调了这一点:在一些社会中，不能生育子女（或男性）是对婚姻的一种威胁，也是离婚的一个现成理由。除此之外，儿童对家庭本身也具有深远的意义。对许多人来说，夫妻二人并不是一个合适的家庭他们需要孩子来丰富这个小圈子，来确认这个小圈子的家庭性质，来获得后代的救赎性影响。儿童需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要儿童，家庭作为一个独特的可用的社会机构，至少在原则上，可以在一个变化中，往往是敌对的世界中获得安全、舒适、保证和方向。对大多数人来说，这样的一个大本营，从字面意义上讲，需要不止一个人来维持和延续。11. 单选题China will lower the（

56、 ）for foreigners to come to the country and streamline procedures for them to invest and start businesses in China.问题1选项A.measureB.thresholdC.permitD.statute【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项measure表示“测量，措施，程度”，B选项threshold表示“入口，门槛，开始”，C选项permit表示“许可证，执照”，D选项statute表示“法规，法令，条例”。由后文的关键信息“streamline procedures for

57、 them to invest and start businesses in China”可知，中国会简化外国人在中国投资和创业的程序，说明中国将会降低外国人来中国的门槛。由此可知，本题正确答案为B选项。12. 单选题During the Spring Festival holiday, Chinese citizens are granted a visa-upon-arrival in 37 countries and regions, while a further 11 countries and regions are（ ）visa-free.问题1选项A.identicalB.m

58、easurableC.abnormalD.accessible【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项identical表示“同一的，完全相同的”；B选项measurable表示“可测量的，重大的，重要的”；C选项abnormal表示“反常的，不规则的”；D选项accessible表示“可进入的，可理解的，易接近的”。由句意可知，在春节期间，中国公民在37个国家和地区享有落地签证的权利，而在另外的11个国家和地区，享受免签待遇。因此，D选项含义最符合句意要求，故本题正确答案为D选项。13. 单选题Within that exclusive group of literary charact

59、ers who have survived through the centuriesfrom Hamlet to Huckleberry Finn-few can rival the cultural impact of Sherlock Holmes. Since his first public appearance 20 years ago, the gentleman with the curved pipe and a taste for cocaine, the master of deductive reasoning and elaborate disguise, has l

60、eft his mark everywherein crime literature, film and television, cartoons and comic books.At Holmes side, of course, was his trusted friend Dr. Watson. Looming even larger, however, was another doctor, one whose medical practice was so slow it allowed him plenty of time to pursue his literary ambiti

61、on. His name: Arthur Conan Doyle. As the creator of these fictional icons, Conan Doyle has himself become something of a cult figure, the object of countless critical studies, biographies and fan clubs.Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh in 1859, in a respectable middle-class Catholic family. Still, i

62、t was far from an easy life. There was never enough money; they moved frequently in search of lower rents; and his father, a civil servant and illustrator was an alcoholic who had to be institutionalized. Yet the early letters he wrote to his mother are surprisingly optimistic, concerned mainly with food, clothes, allowances and school work. At 14 came his first unforgettable visit to London, including Madame Tussauds, where he was delighted with the room of