2022年考博英语-苏州大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷3

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1、2022年考博英语-苏州大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题They managed to （ ） the enemys secret telegram and thus were able to win the victory.问题1选项A.decomposeB.decodeC.enlightenD.enclose【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。Decompose “分解，腐烂”；decode “解密，破译”；enlighten “启示”；enclose “围绕，装入”。句意：他们设法破译了敌人的密电，从而赢得了胜利。选项B符合题意。2. 翻译题As a global ins

2、titute, Mobile Studies-connects policy-makers, practitioners and professors of mobile media and communication across cultures and countries. Leveraging its combined academic and industrial expertise, Mobile Studies offers its unique services to the mobile world. Interdisciplinary and comparative in

3、approach, Mobile Studies, shares academic research with the mobile industry, industry insights with-the academic community, and timely enlightenment with the mobile public.Solution-oriented and industry-based, our studies focus on identifying issues and locating solutions besides theoretical constru

4、ctions and policy recommendations. Interdisciplinary and comparative, the results of our studies are shared through Mobile Campus, co-organized Mobile Workshops and other channels to offer customized courses and services from different perspectives.Believe it or not, most people dont breathe correct

5、ly and this can contribute to a feeling of lethargy. But by using the diaphragm - the muscle that inflates and deflates the lungs you inhale and exhale more efficiently. Consciously relax your jaw, throat, shoulders and upper chest.A music show from Hunan Satellite TV named Im a Singer has been gain

6、ing popularity since the heat from Voice of China gradually cooled. The show invites professional musicians to compete. Rather than using the traditionally underdogs-become-famous format, it is up to the 500 audience members to decide the fate of the stars on stage.Lets check out how the adaption of

7、 a classic love song to rock n roll introduce us to the emotional world of rock music.【答案】作为一家全球性机构，移动研究所将跨文化和国家的移动媒体和传播的决策者、实践者和专家联系起来。凭借其综合的学术和行业的专业知识，移动研究所为移动世界提供了特殊的服务。运用跨学科和比较的方法，它与移通信行业分享学术研究，与学术界分享行业见解，并适时启发广大移动公众。以解决方法为导向，以产业为基础，我们的研究注重发现问题和找到解决方案，并提供理论建设和政策建议。利用跨学科和比较的方法，通过移动校园、联合举办的移动研讨会和其

8、他渠道，我们的研究成果被分享（通过移动校园、联合举办的移动研讨会和其他渠道共享我们的研究成果），以便从不同的角度提供定制课程和服务。不管你信不信，大多数人呼吸方式都不正确，这会让人昏昏欲睡。但是通过横膈膜使肺部充盈和收缩的肌肉你可以更有效地吸气和呼气。有意识地放松你的下巴、喉咙、肩膀和上胸部。随着中国好声音的热度逐渐退去，湖南卫视的一档名为我是歌手的音乐节目越来越受欢迎。演出邀请许多专业音乐人士参赛。与使用传统的“草根到歌手”的模式不同，这档节目中由500名观众来决定台上明星们的命运。让我们来看看由一首经典情歌改编成的摇滚乐如何将我们带入充满激情的摇滚乐世界中。3. 单选题No form of

9、 government in the world is （ ）; each system reflects the history and present needs of the region or the nation.问题1选项A.dominantB.influentialC.integralD.drastic【答案】A【解析】形容词词义辨析。dominant “显性的，占优势的，统治的”；influential “有影响力的”；integral “积分的，完整的”；drastic “激烈的，猛烈的”。句意：世界上没有任何一种政体是占统治地位的，每一种制度都反映了该地区或民族的历史和现实

10、需要。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply （ ）.问题1选项A.appreciatedB.approvedC.appealedD.applied【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。appreciate “感激”；approve “赞成，批准”；appeal “吸引”；apply “使用”。句意：对于赠送给我们这些珍贵的书籍作为礼物，我们感到深深的感激。选项A符合题意。5. 单选题Every effort should contribute to the healthy developme

11、nt of our company, but how did they reach such a decision that may be （ ） to the companys future?问题1选项A.irrelevantB.detrimentalC.casualD.preceding【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。Irrelevant “不相干的”；detrimental “有害的”；casual “随意的，偶然的”；preceding “先前的”。句意：每一项努力都应该为公司的健康发展做出贡献，但是他们是如何做出这样一个可能对公司未来不利的决定的呢?选项B符合题意。6. 单选题No

12、 form of government in the world is （ ）; each system reflects the history and present needs of the region or the nation.问题1选项A.dominantB.influentialC.integralD.drastic【答案】A【解析】形容词词义辨析。dominant “显性的，占优势的”；influential “有影响力的，有势力的”；integral “完整的，整体的”；drastic “激烈的，猛烈的”。句意：世界上没有任何一种政府形式是占优势的，每一种制度都反映了该地区

13、或民族的历史和现实需要。选项A符合题意。7. 单选题Our son doesnt know what to （ ）at the university: he cant make up his mind about his future.问题1选项A.take inB.take overC.take afterD.take up【答案】D【解析】词组辨析。take in “理解，吸收”；take over “接管”；take after “与相像”；take up “占据，开始，从事”。句意：我们的儿子不知道在大学里该做什么：他对自己的未来拿不定主意。选项D符合题意。8. 单选题They gat

14、hered （ ） information before designing the measuring equipment.问题1选项A.a great manyB.vast amounts ofC.a large number ofD.a number of【答案】B【解析】词组辨析。A great many, a large number of和a number of后都接可数名词，information为不可数名词，所以选用vast amount of，句意：他们在设计测量设备之前收集了大量的信息。选项B符合题意。9. 单选题Englands team, who are now sup

15、erbly fit will be doing their best next week to （ ）themselves for last years defeat.问题1选项A.reviveB.retortC.revengeD.remedy【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。revive “复兴，苏醒”；retort “反驳，回嘴”；revenge “复仇”；remedy “补救，治疗”。句意：英格兰队现在状态非常好，下周他们将竭尽全力为去年的失利复仇。选项C符合题意。10. 单选题It has always been difficult for the philosopher or scie

16、ntist to fit time into his view of the universe. Prior to Einsteinian physics, there was no truly adequate formulation of the relationship of time to other forces in the universe, even though some empirical equations included time quantities. However, even the Einsteinian formulation is not perhaps

17、totally adequate to the job of fitting time into the proper relationship with the other dimensions, as they are called, of space. The primary problem arises in relation to things which might be going faster than the speed of light, or have other strange properties.Examination of the Lorentz-Fitzgera

18、ld formulas yields the interesting speculation that if something did actually exceed the speed of light it would have its mass expressed as an imaginary number and would seem to be going backwards in time. The barrier to exceeding the speed of light is an apparent need to have an infinite quantity o

19、f mass moved at exactly the speed of light. If this situation could be leaped over in a large quantum jump - which seems highly unlikely for masses that are large in normal circumstances - then the other side may be achievable.The idea of going backwards in time is derived from the existence of a ti

20、me vector that is negative, although just what this might mean to our senses in the unlikely circumstance of our experiencing this state cannot be conjectured. There have been, in fact, some observations of particle chambers which have lead some scientists to speculate that a particle called the tac

21、hyon may exist with the tans-light properties we have just discussed.The difficulties of imagining and coping with these potential implications of our mathematical models points out the importance of studying alternative methods of notation for advanced physics. Professor Zuckerkandl, in his book So

22、und and Symbol, hypothesizes that it might be better to express the relationships found in quantum mechanics through the use of a notation derived from musical notations. To oversimplify greatly, he argues that music has always given parameters or dimensions. Therefore, it might be a more useful lan

23、guage in which to express the relationships in physics where time again has a special role to play, and cannot be treated as just another dimension.The point of this, or any other alternative to the current methods of describing basic physical processes, is that time does not appear - either by comm

24、on experience or sophisticated scientific understanding - to be the same sort of dimension or parameter as physical dimensions, and is deserving of completely special treatment, in a system of notation designed to accomplish that goal.One approach would be to consider time to be a field effect gover

25、ned by the application of energy to mass - that is to say, by the interaction of different forms of energy, if you wish to keep in mind the equivalence of mass and energy. The movement of any normal sort of mass is bound to produce a field effect that we call positive time. An imaginary mass would p

26、roduce a negative time field effect. This is not at variance with Einsteins theories, since the “faster” a given mass moves the more energy was applied to it and the greater would be the field effect. The time effects predicted by Einstein and confirmed by experience are, it seem, consonant with thi

27、s concept.1.The passage supports the inference that （ ）.2.The central idea of the passage can be best described as being which of the following?3.According to the author, it is too soon to （ ）.4.It can be inferred that the author sees Zuckerkandl as believing that mathematics is a (n) （ ）.5.In the f

28、irst sentence, the author refers to “philosopher” as well as to “scientist” because （ ）.问题1选项A.Einsteins theory of relatively is wrongB.time travel is clearly possibleC.tachyons do not have the same sort of mass as any other particlesD.it is impossible to travel at precisely the speed of light问题2选项A

29、.New observations require the development of new theories and new methods of describing the new theories.B.Einsteinian physics can be much improved on in its treatment of tachyons.C.Zuckerkandls theories of tachyon formation are preferable to Einsteins.D.Anomalies in theoretical physics notation per

30、mit intriguing hypotheses and indicate the need for refined notation of the time dimension.问题3选项A.call Beethoven a physicist.B.plan for time travel.C.adopt proposals such as ZuckerkandlsD.attempt to improve current notation.问题4选项A.difficult field of study.B.language.C.necessary evil.D.great hindranc

31、e to full understanding.问题5选项A.this is part of a larger work.B.the nature of time is a basic question in philosophy as well as physics.C.physicists get Doctor of Philosophy degrees.D.the study of the methods of any field is a philosophical question.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段， “

32、The barrier to exceeding the speed of light is an apparent need to have an infinite quantity of mass moved at exactly the speed of light. If this situation could be leaped over in a large quantum jump - which seems highly unlikely”，可知超过光速的障碍显然是需要有一个无限大的质量以光速运动。如果这种情况可以通过一个巨大的量子跃迁来跨越这似乎极不可能的。可判断出以光速运

33、动是不可能的。选项D符合题意。2.主旨题。文章第一段提到总是难以让时间符合科学家和哲学家的宇宙观，即使爱因斯坦的公式也不能完全解释其中的关系。如果存在超过光速的物质，它可能会落后于时间。下文继续提到了新的理论提出如何解决其中的问题，并且与爱因斯坦的理论并不矛盾。可判断出本文的中心思想是新的观察需要发展新的理论和描述新理论的新方法。选项A符合题意。3.推断题。根据文章第三段， “The idea of going backwards in time is derived from the existence of a time vector that is negative, although

34、just what this might mean to our senses in the unlikely circumstance of our experiencing this state cannot be conjectured.”，可知时间倒流的概念来自于一个负的时间矢量的存在，尽管我们无法推测这对我们的感官意味着什么，当我们经历这种状态的不太可能的情况的时候，可知人们现阶段难以实现时间旅行。可推断出计划时间旅行还为时过早。选项B符合题意。4.细节理解题。根据文章第四段， “Therefore, it might be a more useful language in whi

35、ch to express the relationships in physics where time again has a special role to play, and cannot be treated as just another dimension.”， 可知他认为数学可能是一种更有用的语言，用来表达物理中的关系，在物理中，时间再次扮演着特殊的角色，而不能仅仅被视为另一个维度。可推断出Zuckerkandl认为数学是一种语言。选项B符合题意。5.推断题。根据文章第一句， “It has always been difficult for the philosopher o

36、r scientist to fit time into his view of the universe.”，可知对哲学家或科学家来说，要把时间融入宇宙观中一直是困难的。可推断出时间的本质是哲学和物理学中的一个基本问题。选项B符合题意。11. 单选题（ ）my wifes consistent encouragement I wouldnt have accomplished my graduate study.问题1选项A.But forB.But withC.Except forD.Except that【答案】A【解析】连词词义辨析。But for “要不是”；except for “

37、除了，排除在外”，后接名词，动名词。Except that “排除在外”，后接句子。没有but with的结构，可排除。句意：要不是我妻子的一直以来的鼓励，我肯定不会完成研究生学习。选项A符合题意。12. 单选题Cambridge is （ ）the best university in Europe and among the worlds top ten.问题1选项A.in most casesB.on most countsC.under most conditionsD.with most prospects【答案】C【解析】短语辨析。in most cases “在大多数情况下”；u

38、nder most conditions “在大多数情况、条件下”，没有选项B和D的搭配，可排除。句意：剑桥大学在大多数情况下都是欧洲最好的大学，也是世界排名前十的大学之一。选项C符合题意。13. 单选题Now those “effortless” good looks seem a little more risky. Allegedly, the silicone implants can leak and interfere with the bodys immune system. There have been over 2,000 complaints, particularly

39、about implants which predate 1985-although cosmetic surgeons blame zealous lawyers for manufacturing concerns. The Food and Drug Administration announced an inquiry last year, but initially said it would not ask for the operations to stop it, reportedly because of evidence coming out in court cases.

40、 In December, for example, a woman who suffered from a ruptured implant was awarded $7.34m from the biggest maker of implants, Dow Coming.The announcement has caused more panic among American women than any medical decision since a contraceptive device, the Daikon Sheild, was removed from the market

41、 in 1974, some 2 million women have had implants, 80% of them for cosmetic reasons: the rest had “re-constructive” medical surgery following cancer treatment. The waiting list for implants by one Californian doctor used to be six months; it is now less than one month, Shares in implant makers have s

42、lumped.Such second thoughts are overdue. For all its glittering advocates, cosmetic surgery is the only type of medicine where a perfectly healthy patient is cut up. (This, of course, omits re-constructive operations to repair bums or replace missing breasts.) Eight out of ten cosmetic operations ar

43、e performed outside proper hospitalsome in operation rooms that look more like offices. Warnings of side-effect rarely appear in advertisements; nor do the records of the eager surgeons. Since it is “elective” surgery, not covered by insurance, few of the normal rules apply.Inside the industry, rumo

44、rs of malpractice are rife. One senior plastic surgeon says that he has a list of peers who “he wouldnt let touch my dogs body.”1.According to the paragraph, cosmetic surgeons think that （ ）.2.It is reported that the Food and Drug Administration inquired into the effects of silicone implant, because

45、 （ ）.3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the second paragraph?4.The difference between the cosmetic surgery and other surgery is that （ ）.5.The last sentence of the passage, “peers” refers to （ ）.问题1选项A.the silicone implant complaints were started particularly before 1985B.t

46、he silicone implant are dangerousC.the silicone implant are linked with bodys immune systemD.the silicone implant complaints are due to those profit-happy lawyers问题2选项A.there was a case in December about a woman who suffered from the implantB.there had been a lot of cases in court about silicone imp

47、lantC.Dow Coming has produced some poor-quality silicone implantD.it did not want to ask for the operations to stop it问题3选项A.American women had once been in panic because of the removal of a contraceptive device from the market.B.Daikon Sheild is a brand name.C.About 1.6 million women have had impla

48、nts because they wanted to be more beautifulD.A Californian doctor began to earn less money.问题4选项A.the former is to operate on the healthy body, while the latter is to operate on the sick bodyB.the former is to do harm to a person, while the latter is to cure a personC.the former is with glittering

49、advocates, while the latter is to repair bumsD.the former is to be performed outside proper hospitals, while the latter is to be performed inside proper hospitals问题5选项A.industry ownersB.plastic surgeonsC.humoristsD.officers【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“There have been over 2,000

50、complaints, particularly about implants which predate 1985-although cosmetic surgeons blame zealous lawyers for manufacturing concerns.”，可知已经有超过2000起投诉，特别是关于1985年以前植入物的投诉尽管整形外科医生将制造问题归咎于律师们。可判断出整容外科医生认为硅胶植入物的投诉是由于那些喜欢赚钱的律师。选项D符合题意。2.细节判断题。根据文章第一段，“because of evidence coming out in court cases. In De

51、cember, for example, a woman who suffered from a ruptured implant.”，可知美国食品药品监督管理局对硅胶植入物进行调查的原因是法庭上出现了很多这样的案例，下文提出一个妇女获赔的案例只是其中一个。可判断出美国食品药品监督管理局对硅胶植入物的效果进行了调查的原因在于法庭上有很多关于硅胶植入的案例。选项B符合题意。3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“The announcement has caused more panic among American women than any medical decision since a co

52、ntraceptive device, the Daikon Sheild, was removed from the market in 1974”，可知自从1974年一种名为Daikon Sheild的避孕设备被撤市以来，这一消息在美国女性中引起的恐慌超过了任何医疗因素。可判断出美国女性曾经因为避孕设备从市场上撤下而恐慌，这一表达复符合文意，选项A可排除。也可判断出Daikon Sheild是一个品牌名称，选项B可排除。根据文章第二段，“some 2 million women have had implants, 80% of them for cosmetic reasons”，可知大

53、约有200万女性做手术，因为她们想变得更美丽，选项C可排除。根据排除法，选项D符合题意。4.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“cosmetic surgery is the only type of medicine where a perfectly healthy patient is cut up.”，可知整容手术是唯一一种把完全健康的病人割伤的医术，这也是整容术和其他手术的区别。选项A符合题意。5.词义理解题。根据文章最后一句，“One senior plastic surgeon says that he has a list of peers”，可知一位资深整形外科医生说，他有一份同伴

54、名单，可知资深整形外科医生的同伴指整形外科医生，peer意思为同伴，同等的人。选项B符合题意。14. 单选题As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an even earlier age. This isnt the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europes new economic landscape, em

55、braced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism” over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of

56、 stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into tile workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on(扰乱) Europeans private lives.Europes new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europes shift from social

57、 democracy to, the sharper, more individualistic climate of American style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, todays tech-savvy(精通技术的) workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone,

58、 and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so.Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage-twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, t

59、he newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alone was conceived to be negative-dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, str

60、ong! Now, young people want to live alone.The booming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesnt leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35-yearold composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasnt got time to get lonely because he has too much work “I ha

61、ve deadlines which .would make life with someone else fairly difficult.” Only all Ideal Woman would make him change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called “The Single Woman and Prince Channing,” thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expect more and more of

62、mates, so relationships dont last long-if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Eerliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says shed never have wanted to do what her mother did-give up a

63、career to raise a family. Instead, “Ive always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life.”1.More and more young Europeans remain single because （ ）.2.What is said about European society in the passage?3.According to Paragraph 3, the newest group of singles are （ ）.4.The author quotes Eppendorf to show that （ ）.5.What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?问题1选项A.they are driven by an overwhelming sense of individualismB.they have entered the workforce at a much earlier ageC.they have