2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前模拟强化练习题52（附答案详解）

《2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前模拟强化练习题52（附答案详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前模拟强化练习题52（附答案详解）（16页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题Arnold Toynbee说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自于挑战及由此引起的反应。没有挑战就没有反应，没有发展，没有自由。所以，我们首先应该在我们的孩子的能力所允许的范围内为他们开设要求最严格，最富有挑战性的课程。我们可以向我们的孩子提供的第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权利。如果没有人可以失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢？我们现在生活在一个越来越小的世界里，我们必须对现实保持清醒的认识；而现实主义要求树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。这些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。如果我们剥夺孩子失败的权利，实际上我们就剥夺了他们

2、如实地认识世界的机会。【答案】Arnold Toynbee has said that all progress, all development come from challenge and a consequent response. Without challenge there is no response, no development, no freedom. So first we owe to our children the most demanding, challenging curriculum that is within their capabilities.Th

3、e second opportunity we can give our boys and girls is the right to failure. What kind of a test is it, what kind of freedom where no one can fail? We live in a narrowed world where we must be alert, awake to realism; and realism demands a standard which either must be met or result in failure. Thes

4、e are hard words, but they are brutally true. If we deprive our children of the right to fail we deprive them of their knowledge of the world as it is.2. 单选题In the early 1990s various measures were （ ） to encourage savings, stimulate investment and motivate worker effort.问题1选项A.implementedB.imparted

5、C.complimentedD.exploited【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。implement “实施，执行”；impart “给予”；compliment “恭维，称赞”；exploit “开发，开拓”。句意：二十世纪九十年代早期社会实施各种措施来鼓励存款，刺激投资以及激发工作的积极性。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题The weather wasnt favorable and both teams had to （ ）icy rain and a strong wind during the match.问题1选项A.pin downB.contend withC.get stuc

6、k inD.take control of【答案】B【解析】词组辨析题。pin down发现，查明，确定；contend with对付，与.作斗争；get stuck in陷入.加紧进行；take control of取得对.的控制。句意：天气不太好，在比赛期间两队都不得不和冰冷的雨水以及大风作斗争。所以选项B符合句意。4. 单选题It is our （ ）policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.问题1选项A.consistentB.continuousC.considerateD.continual【答案】A【解析】形

7、近词辨析题。consistent始终如一的，坚持的；continuous连续的；considerate体贴的，考虑周到的；continual持续不断的，频繁的。句意：通过和平的方式实现统一，这是我们一贯的政策。选项A符合句意。5. 单选题Millions of Americans take large amounts of vitamin C pills every day because they believe the vitamin will help them stay healthy. However, a new study says vitamin C may help prod

8、uce substances that can damage DNA. Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania experimented with vitamin C in test tubes. They studied the effects of vitamin C on a substance produced in the body from fat. That substance is called hydro-peroxide（过氧化氢物）, which can be changed in a cell into substanc

9、es that can damage DNA. The scientists found that vitamin C easily changed the hydro-peroxide into the gene-damaging poisons. Such damage is the first step toward developing cancer.However, the scientists say the study does not mean that vitamin C causes cancer. They say it is well-known that vitami

10、n C is important for human health, but people can get enough vitamin C in the foods they eat. Earlier studies have shown that eating a lot of fruits, vegetables and grains can reduce the chance of developing both heart disease and cancer.Other researchers agree that the latest study is important in

11、understanding the chemistry of vitamin C. But they say the study did not involve people. The vitamin C was tested in the laboratory only. They think the results might be different in living cells.Mark Levine is a vitamin C expert who questions whether a similar study in people would produce the same

12、 results. He also says people should get their vitamin C in food instead of taking huge amounts in pills to stay healthy, and research does not support taking a lot of vitamin C.The United States government says people should get about eighty milligrams of vitamin C each day in the foods they eat. S

13、tudies have shown that the body cannot use more than two hundred milligrams of vitamin C each day. Medical researchers say that taking vitamin C pills cannot replace the value of eating healthy foods.1.What does this passage mainly discuss?2.Which one is Not true about the effect of VC according to

14、the passage?3.What does the author imply when he mentions “living cells” in Paragraph 3?4.Which of the following is not true about the scientists research?5.Taking a lot of VC （ ）.问题1选项A.Taking a large amount of VC will do good to health.B.Taking too much VC pills every day is not good for health.C.

15、People should take as much VC as possible.D.It is not necessary at all to take VC pills.问题2选项A.It is important for human healthB.It may help produce substances that can damage DNAC.It causes cancerD.VC in foods can reduce the chance of developing heart disease and cancer问题3选项A.The research has invol

16、ved living creatures.B.The results from the lab test might not always be reliable.C.If it is tested in living body the results will be the same.D.The chemistry of VC is living.问题4选项A.The scientists experimented with VC in test tubes.B.The research didnt involve people.C.VC was tested in the lab only

17、.D.Mark Levine did the experiment involving people.问题5选项A.is supported by VC expertB.is encouraged by the U.S. governmentC.is agreed by medical researchersD.is disapproved by many scientists【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:B第4题:D第5题:D【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，美国人每天服用大量的维生素C药片，一项新的研究表明维生素C会产生破坏DNA的物质。由此可知，不能大量的摄入维生素

18、C，所以选项A和C错误；再根据第二段第二句“ it is well-known that vitamin C is important for human health.”众所周知，维生素C对人体健康很重要，所以不摄入维生素C也是不行的，选项D错误；只有选项B正确。所以本题选B。第2题:细节事实题。根据第二段第一句“the scientists say the study does not mean that vitamin C causes cancer.”科学家说，这项研究并不意味着维生素C会导致癌症。所以选项C不属于维生素C的效果。根据上一题可知选项A和B均正确；根据第二段最后一句“ea

19、ting a lot of fruits, vegetables and grains can reduce the chance of developing both heart disease and cancer.”可知选项D也表述正确。第3题:判断推理题。根据关键词“living cells”定位到第三段最后一句，结合上下文的句意：“但是他们（研究人员）说这项研究并没有涉及人。维生素A只是在实验室里进行测试，如果在活细胞中实验的话结果可能会不同。”由此可推断，作者是想暗示实验的结果并不总是可靠的。所以选项B正确。选项A和C均不符合原文；选项D在文中没有提及。第4题:细节事实题。根据第一

20、段第三句“Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania experimented with vitamin C in test tubes.”可知选项A正确；根据第三段最后两句“The vitamin C was tested in the laboratory only. They think the results might be different in living cells.”可知选项B和C均正确；根据第四段第一句“Mark Levine is a vitamin C expert who questions whether a sim

21、ilar study in people would produce the same results.”Mark Levine是质疑在人体上进行类似的研究是否会产生相同的结果，而不是做了涉及人体的实验，所以只有选项D不正确。第5题:细节事实题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“research does not support taking a lot of vitamin C.”研究不支持人们服用大量维生素C。选项中“support，encourage，agree”都表示肯定，同意的意思，只有选项D中的“disapprove”属于不赞成，不同意，所以选项D为正确答案。6. 单选题You should

22、nt have written in the （ ）since the book belongs to the library.问题1选项A.intervalB.borderC.marginD.edge【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。interval间隔，间距；border边境，边界；margin边缘，页边的空白；edge边缘，优势。句意：你不应该写在页边的空白处，因为这本书是属于图书馆的。选项C符合句意。7. 单选题I will hold you personally （ ）if anything goes wrong in this project.问题1选项A.destructiveB.l

23、iableC.diverseD.responsible【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。destructive意为“破坏性的”；liable意为“（法律上）负有偿付责任，可能（做某事）”，指在不履行债务等时应负法律责任或受罚；diverse意为“不同的，多种多样的”；responsible意为“负责的，可靠的，有责任的”，指能熟练而出色地履行职责或完成任务，或在出差错而对其原因有争执时承担过失。句意：假如这个项目出了任何问题，我将追究你个人的责任。8. 翻译题环境与我们的生存息息相关。越来越严重的环境污染影响了我们的生活，我们 理当应该更加重视环境保护问题。近年来，由于车辆和工厂不断增加，空气

24、和生活品质也不断恶化。此外，许多人缺乏公德心，乱丢垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，农民大量使用化学药物使食物中毒事件一再发生。长此下去，我们将呼吸不到新鲜的空气，喝不到纯净的水，吃不到营养的食物了。正因为问题很严重，环境污染受到了各个国家政府的关注。就拿中国政府为例，2001年，全国环境污染治理投资为1106.6亿元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也会公开谈论政府对于环境污染的新举措。总的来说，环境污染加剧的情况得到了一些控制。毕竟，我们只有一个地球可以居住，保护环境非常重要。我们主张严格控制环境以保护环境。同时，不仅仅是政府，每一个人，不管你住在哪里，都应该尽力保护环境。以免其恶化。【答案

25、】The existence of humans is directly bound with the environment in which we live. We should pay more attention to environmental protection because of the influence of more and more serious environmental pollution on our living.In recent years, with the increasing number of cars and factories, the qu

26、ality of air and living is worsening. In addition, lacking of social morality, some people litter rubbish at will, which contaminates lakes and rivers. Whats worse, farmers overusing chemical drugs lead to repeated incidents of food poisoning. If the situation goes on like this, we wont have fresh a

27、ir to breathe, pure water to drink, or nourishing food to eat.Different governments attach great importance on environmental pollution due to the severity of the situation. Take Chinese government as an example, in 2011, the investment for environmental pollution treatment come to 110.66 billion yua

28、n, an increase of 4.3 percent compared with the previous year. And people talked openly about the governments new measures against environmental pollution. In short, the tendency to worsening environmental pollution has been controlled.After all, there is only one earth. It is very important to prot

29、ect environment. We advocate strict control of pollution to protect environment. Meanwhile, everyone, besides the government, no matter where you are, should try ones best to prevent the environment from deteriorating.9. 单选题If this kind of fish becomes （ ）, future generations may never taste it at a

30、ll.问题1选项A.minimumB.shortC.seldomD.scarce【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。minimum最小的；short短的；seldom很少，不常；scarce缺乏的，不足的。句意：如果这种鱼变得稀缺，未来的几代人可能再也尝不到它的味道了。选项D符合语境。10. 单选题A railway ticket should indicate the place of departure as well as the （ ）of the trip.问题1选项A.arrivalB.imageC.destinationD.sequence【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。arriva

31、l意为“到达，抵达”；image意为“形象，印象，画像”；destination意为“目的地，终点”；sequence意为“一系列，一连串，顺序”。句意：火车票应注明出发地点和旅行目的地。11. 单选题The car, at least as we know it, is on the way out, because its exhaust （ ）a threat to the environment.问题1选项A.originatesB.posesC.offendsD.paralyzes【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。originate起源，发源；pose造成问题等；offend冒犯，进攻

32、；paralyze使麻痹。句意：至少就我们所知，汽车正在被淘汰，因为它的废气对环境造成了威胁。pose a threat to为固定搭配，表示“对.造成威胁”，所以选项B正确。12. 单选题A computer file is a collection of （ ）data, used to organize the storage and processing of data by computer.问题1选项A.electricalB.artificialC.electronicD.genuine【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。electrical有关电的；artificial人造的；el

33、ectronic电子的；genuine真实的，诚恳的。句意：计算机文件是电子数据的集合，用来组织计算机对数据的存储和处理。这里指电子数据，所以选项C正确。13. 单选题The （ ）of airplane engines announced a coming air raid.问题1选项A.roarB.exclamationC.whistleD.scream【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。roar咆哮，轰鸣；exclamation感叹，惊叫；whistle呼啸声；scream尖叫声。句意：飞机引擎的轰鸣声宣布空袭即将来临。选项A符合句意。14. 单选题The lawyer advised him

34、 to drop the （ ）, since he stands little chance to win.问题1选项A.eventB.incidentC.caseD.affair【答案】C【解析】同义词辨析题。和上一题一样，四个词是近义词，根据句意：律师劝他放弃这个案子，因为他赢的机会很小。由此可知，这里指的是案件，所以选项C更恰当。15. 单选题The committee will consider whether or not Mr. Wilson has been （ ）serious professional misconduct.问题1选项A.wary ofB.guilty of

35、C.confronted withD.reduced to【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。wary of意为“谨防的，小心翼翼的”；guilty of意为“有罪”；confront with意为“面对，面临”；reduce to意为“减少至”。由serious professional misconduct（严重的失职）可知选B。句意：委员会将考虑威尔逊先生是否犯了严重的失职罪。16. 单选题Neglect has accelerated the process of this buildings （ ）?问题1选项A.declineB.egenerationC.decayD.wither【答

36、案】C【解析】名词辨析题。decline下降，衰退；degeneration退化，恶化；decay衰减，衰败，腐烂；wither枯萎，凋谢。句意：疏忽大意加速了这座建筑物的衰败。选项C更符合语境。17. 单选题AIDS activists permanently changed and shortened Americas （ ）process for testing and approving new drugs of all kinds, for all diseases.问题1选项A.efficientB.stagnantC.complexD.appropriate【答案】C【解析】形容

37、词辨析题。efficient有效率的；stagnant停滞的，不景气的；complex复杂的，合成的；appropriate适当的。句意：艾滋病活动人士永久性地改变并缩短了美国测试和批准用于治疗各种疾病的各种新药的复杂过程。选项C符合句意。18. 单选题The bed has been （ ）in the family. It was my great-grandmothers originally.问题1选项A.handed outB.handed overC.handed downD.handed round【答案】C【解析】词组辨析题。hand out分发，施舍；hand over上交，

38、移交；hand down宣布；流传下来；hand round分发，传递。句意：这张床是我们家流传下来的。它原本是我曾祖母的。选项C更符合语境。19. 单选题Our （ ） talks promised a good future for our cooperation.问题1选项A.interiorB.insuranceC.initialD.invisible【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。interior “内部的”；insurance “保险”；initial “最初的”；invisible “看不见的”。句意：我们的初次会谈为我们的合作展现了一个好的未来。选项C符合题意。20. 单选题When his contract was （ ）unexpectedly, he desperately needed a new job.问题1选项A.accomplishedB.expiredC.fulfilledD.terminated【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。accomplish “完成，实现，达到”；expire “期满；终止”；fulfill “履行，实现，满足”；terminate “终止，结束”。句意：当他的合同被出乎意料地终止时，他极度需要一份新工作。选项D符合题意。