2022年考博英语-桂林理工大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷37

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1、2022年考博英语-桂林理工大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Romantic love is a culture trait found primarily in industrialized societies. Elsewhere in the world, pragmatic considerations rather than flights of fancy are often used to make a choice of partner, and romantic love is seen as an unfortunate inconvenience

2、that gets in the way of the ordinary, rational process of mate selection. Traces of this attitude persist in the American upper classes, where daughters are expected to marry “well” that is, to a male who is eligible by reason of family background and earning potential. Most Americans, however, see

3、romantic love as essential for a successful marriage, and tend to look askance（轻蔑地）at anyone who marries for a more practical reason in which love plays no part.The phenomenon of romantic love occurs when two young people meet and find one another personally and physically attractive. They become mu

4、tually absorbed, start to behave in what appears to be a flighty （充满幻想的）even irrational manner, decide that they are right for one another, and may then enter a marriage whose success is expected to be guaranteed by their enduring love. Behavior of this kind is portrayed and warmly endorsed （赞同）thro

5、ughout American popular culture, by books, magazines, comics, records, popular songs, movies, and TV.Romantic love is a noble ideal, and it can certainly provide a basis for the spouses to “live happily ever after.” But a marriage can equally well be founded on much more practical considerationsas i

6、ndeed they have been in most societies throughout most of history. Why is romantic love of such importance in the modern world? The reason seems to be that it has some basic functions in maintaining the institution of the nuclear family（小家庭）.31. Romantic love is less frequently found in many non-ind

7、ustrial societies because people in these societies_.32. The underlined word “eligible” in Para. 1 could best be replaced by_.33. According to the passage, most Americans_.34. What can we learn from the second paragraph about romantic love?35. The author seems to believe that_.问题1选项A.firmly believe

8、that only money can make the world go roundB.fail to bring the imaginative power of the mind into full playC.fondly think that flights of fancy prevent them from making a correct choice of partnerD.have far more practical considerations to determine who will marry whom问题2选项A.qualifiedB.availableC.ch

9、osenD.influential问题3选项A.expect their daughters to fall in love with a male at first sightB.regard romantic love as the basis for a successful marriageC.look up to those who marry for the sake of wealthD.consider romantic love to be the most desirable thing in the world问题4选项A.It is a common occurrenc

10、e among the old.B.It is primarily described by books.C.It is characterized by mutual attraction and absorption.D.It is rejected as flighty and irrational.问题5选项A.romantic love makes people unable to think clearly in the process of mate selectionB.only romantic love can make a marriage happy ever afte

11、rC.much more practical considerations can also be the basis for a successful marriageD.romantic love plays an insignificant role in maintaining the institution of the nuclear family【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】31.事实细节题。定位到第一段第二句话Elsewhere in the world, pragmatic considerations rather than flight

12、s of fancy are often used to make a choice of partner, and romantic love is seen as an unfortunate inconvenience that gets in the way of the ordinary, rational process of mate selection.“在世界上的其他地方，人们在选择伴侣时往往考虑务实而非异想天开，而浪漫的爱情则被视为妨碍正常、理性的择偶过程的不幸的麻烦”，所以答案选C选项“在决定谁将和谁结婚时，有更实际的考虑”。A选项“坚信只有金钱才能使世界运转”，文章没有

13、提及，属于反向干扰。B选项“不能充分发挥想象力”，见正确选项，这里只是说非工业社会的人的择偶观比较务实不是说不能发挥想象力，这里属于推理过度。D选项“天真地认为幻想妨碍了他们正确地选择伴侣”文章没有提及，属于反向干扰。32.推理判断题。第一步，句中前后信息衔接，定位到文章第一段倒数第二句Traces of this attitude persist in the American upper classes, where daughters are expected to marry “well” that is, to a male who is eligible by reason of

14、family background and earning potential.“这种态度的痕迹在美国上层社会依然存在，那里的女孩被期望嫁给好的男人，也就是说，嫁给一个有家庭背景和收入潜力的合适的男人”，这里可以看出这句描述的是美国上层阶级选女婿的条件，从后面的by reason of （处于原因），这里可知合格的女婿是要家庭有背景，以及有潜力的人，所以答案选A“合格的，有资格的”。B选项“可提供的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。C选项“选择的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。D选项“有影响力的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。33.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第一段最后一句话Most A

15、mericans, however, see romantic love as essential for a successful marriage, and tend to look askance at anyone who marries for a more practical reason in which love plays no part.“然而，大多数美国人认为浪漫的爱情是成功婚姻的必要条件，并倾向于以怀疑的眼光看待那些因为更实际的原因而结婚的人，这些原因中没有爱情的作用”，从这里可知答案选B“认为浪漫的爱情是成功婚姻的基础”。A选项“希望自己的女儿能与男性一见钟情”，文章

16、没有提及，属于无中生有。C选项“尊敬那些为财富而结婚的人”，见正确选项解析，这里属于反向干扰。D选项“认为浪漫的爱情是世界上最令人向往的东西”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。34.事实细节题。定位到第二段第一句话The phenomenon of romantic love occurs when two young people meet and find one another personally and physically attractive.“当两个年轻人相遇并发现彼此在个人和外表上都很有吸引力时，浪漫爱情就会发生”从这里可知答案选C选项“它的特点是相互吸引和吸收”。A选项“这在老

17、年人中很常见。”文中没有提及，属于无中生有。B选项“它主要是由书籍描述的”，定位到第三段最后一句话Behavior of this kind is portrayed and warmly endorsed （赞同）throughout American popular culture, by books, magazines, comics, records, popular songs, movies, and TV.“这种行为在美国流行文化中广泛，通过书籍、杂志、漫画、记录、流行歌曲、电影和电视的形式被描绘并被广泛宣传。”从这里可知B选项错误，爱情不止是在书中描写还有漫画、歌谣等，这里属

18、于以偏概全。D选项“它被拒绝为轻浮和非理性的”定位到第二段第二句话They become mutually absorbed, start to behave in what appears to be a flighty even irrational manner“它们相互吸收，开始表现出一种轻浮甚至不理智的行为方式”从这里可知D选项错误，这里属于反向干扰。35.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到最后一段第二句话But a marriage can equally well be founded on much more practical considerations“但婚姻同样可以建

19、立在更实际的考虑基础上”从这里可以知道C选项“更实际的考虑也可以成为成功婚姻的基础”正确；B选项“只有浪漫的爱情才能使婚姻从此幸福美满”，定位到最后一段最后一句Why is romantic love of such importance in the modern world? The reason seems to be that it has some basic functions in maintaining the institution of the nuclear family.“为什么浪漫的爱情在现代社会如此重要？原因似乎是它在维持核心家庭制度方面具有一些基本功能”从这里可知

20、B选项错误，这里属于反向干扰；A选项“浪漫的爱情让人在选择伴侣的过程中无法清晰思考”文中没有提及，属于无中生有；D选项“浪漫的爱情在维持核心家庭制度中起着微不足道的作用”文中没有提及，属于无中生有。2. 单选题If Hillary Clinton made her widely anticipated bid for the presidency, would her age become a legitimate issue?Skeptics have already taken to the Internet to raise their concerns. If Clinton won

21、election in 2016, at age 69, she would be just months younger than our oldest president. Ronald Reagan, when he was elected in 1980. Only one other candidate in 225 years (William Henry Harrison) moved into the White House past age 65, and his health proved so fragile that he contracted pneumonia (肺

22、炎)on inauguration day in 1841 and died a month later. In fact, about half of the 43 men who have held the nations top office withered and died well before even reaching Hillarys 2016 Election Day age.The last half-century of presidential history served to shield the American people from such brutal

23、truths about presidential mortality. The assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963, a defining events for Clinton and her fellow Baby Boomers, marked the last time a chief executive died in office. But before that bloody day in Dallas, during a sad span of 122 years, sitting presidents perished with

24、revolting regularity.Harrison died four weeks into his term in 1841, and Zachary Taylor succumbed to mysterious digestive ailments nine years later. Assassins killed Abraham Lincoln in 1865, James Garfield in 1881 and William McKinley in 1901. Circulatory problems claimed Warren Harding in 1923, and

25、 a cerebral hemorrhage (脑出血) dispatched Franklin Roosevelt in 1945. All these disasters struck presidents younger than Hillary would be on her first day in office. But a balanced response to concerns over Clintons age reveals recent, relevant changes in presidential life spans that should reassure t

26、he former first lady and her supporters.No president since Lyndon Johnson has died before age 81，and four of the six longest-lived presidents (Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush and Jimmy Carter) have held the office since 1974. This reflects the increase in life expectancy for all of us.

27、In 1963, life expectancy stood at 69 years, but now we can anticipate survival to 79 a gift of 10 extra years.Another factor working in Hillarys favor: Women live longer than men by five years (sorry, Bill). This means that a typical woman born in 1947 (as was Hillary) can expect to live an average

28、of 20 more years after today enough to cover not only the two terms as president that her fans desire, but an additional ten years as U.N. secretary-general, chief justice of the Supreme Court or president of Yale.None of this means that a person of Clintons age wont face significant health risks un

29、der the unimaginable pressures of presidential service. Like any other candidate, she must release records detailing every aspect of her personal medical history. When her husband, Bill, first ran for president at age 46, he could get away with providing only selective access to his medical records.

30、 Hillary, at age 69, should set a different standard.6. In American history, were elected as presidents after 65_.7. What can we learn about Hillary Clinton?8. All of the following are favorable factors for Hillary Clinton, expect_9. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?10. Whats the passage

31、 mainly about?问题1选项A.Hillary Clinton and Bill ClintonB.William Henry Harrison and Ronald ReaganC.John F. Kennedy and James GarfieldD.Warren Harding and Lyndon Johnson问题2选项A.Hillary Clinton is just months younger than Ronald Reagan.B.As a baby boomer, Hillary Clinton was born in 1947.C.Hillary Clinto

32、n was scared by the assassination of John F. Kennedy.D.Hillary Clinton first ran for president when she was 46 years old.问题3选项A.The fact that John F. Kennedy was the last president died in office.B.The extended life expectancy for people nowadays.C.The fact that women generally live a longer life th

33、an men.D.William Henry Harrisons death during his time in office.问题4选项A.Hillary Clinton will suffer from significant health problem under the tremendous stress.B.If Hillary Clinton wants to win other candidates, she must hide her personal medical history.C.No presidential candidate in American histo

34、ry had escaped from providing detailed medical records.D.Hillary Clintons husband, Bill, may had run for president more than once.问题5选项A.Comment on whether Hillary Clinton is too old for 2016s presidential election，B.The presidents who died from the severe pressures of presidential service.C.A new r

35、egulation on legal age of the presidential election in America.D.An introduction of American presidents who had done something great in their term.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A【解析】6.推理判断题，定位到第二段第二三四句话If Clinton won election in 2016, at age 69, she would be just months younger than our oldest preside

36、nt. Ronald Reagan, when he was elected in 1980. Only one other candidate in 225 years (William Henry Harrison) moved into the White House past age 65,“如果希拉里以69岁的高龄赢得2016年大选，她就只比我们最年长的总统小几个月。罗纳德里根，他在1980年当选总统。225年来，只有一位候选人(威廉亨利哈里森)在65岁之后搬进了白宫”，从这里可知只有两位总统就职美国总统时超过65岁Ronald Reagan和William Henry Harris

37、on，所以答案选B选项“威廉亨利哈里森和罗纳德里根”；A选项“希拉里克林顿和比尔克林顿”，因为希拉里在作者写文章的时候还没当总统，作者只是作假设，所以A不选，这里属于反向干扰；C选项“约翰肯尼迪和詹姆斯加菲尔德”，文章没有提及这两个人什么时候当的总统，所以不选，这里属于无中生有；D选项“沃伦哈丁和林登约翰逊”文章没有提及这两个人什么时候当的总统，所以不选，这里属于无中生有。7.推理判断题，定位到第三段倒数第二句话The assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963, a defining events for Clinton and her fellow B

38、aby Boomers, marked the last time a chief executive died in office，“1963年约翰f肯尼迪(John F. Kennedy)遇刺，是克林顿和她的“婴儿潮一代”(Baby Boomers)同胞们的标志性事件，也是最后一位在任的首席执行官去世”，从这里可知希拉里确实是婴儿潮时期出生的，而且根据她2016年69岁来算她是1947年出生的也可以印证，所以答案选B选项“作为婴儿潮一代，希拉里出生于1947年。”，A选项“希拉里克林顿只比罗纳德里根小几个月”，定位到第二段第二三句话If Clinton won election in 20

39、16, at age 69, she would be just months younger than our oldest president. Ronald Reagan, when he was elected in 1980“如果希拉里以69岁的高龄赢得2016年大选，她就只比我们最年长的总统小几个月。罗纳德里根，他在1980年当选总统”从这里可知不是希拉里比里根小几个月而是如果希拉里上台执政的年龄只会比年纪最大的执政总统里根上台时小几个月，所以不选，这里属于曲意理解；C选项“希拉里克林顿对约翰f肯尼迪遇刺感到害怕”，文章没有提到希拉里被克林顿刺杀时被吓到，属于无中生有；D选项“希拉

40、里克林顿第一次竞选总统是在她46岁的时候”，定位到第七段倒数第二句话When her husband, Bill, first ran for president at age 46, he could get away with providing only selective access to his medical records.“当她的丈夫比尔(Bill)在46岁时首次竞选总统时，他可以不受限制地提供自己的医疗记录”，从这里可知，是她的丈夫在47岁的时候第一次竞选总统而不是希拉里自己，D选项属于张冠李戴。8.事实细节题，定位到第二段第四句话Only one other candid

41、ate in 225 years (William Henry Harrison) moved into the White House past age 65, and his health proved so fragile that he contracted pneumonia on inauguration day in 1841 and died a month later.“225年以来，只有一位65岁以上的候选人(威廉亨利哈里森)入主白宫。事实证明，他的健康状况非常脆弱，在1841年的总统就职日染上肺炎，一个月后就去世了。”这里只是描述了一个事实没有说这是否对希拉里的选票有什么

42、影响，这里属于出处错误，所以答案选D选项“威廉亨利哈里森在任期间去世”；A选项“约翰f肯尼迪是最后一位在任期内去世的总统”，定位到第四段倒数第一二句话All these disasters struck presidents younger than Hillary would be on her first day in office. But a balanced response to concerns over Clintons age reveals recent, relevant changes in presidential life spans that should rea

43、ssure the former first lady and her supporters.“所有这些灾难都发生在比希拉里上任第一天还年轻的总统身上。不过，针对对克林顿年龄的担忧，人们做出了平衡的回应，反映出总统任期最近发生的相关变化，应该会让这位前第一夫人和她的支持者感到放心。”，从这里可以看出克林顿总统之前很多任总统都死在自己的任期之内而且比希拉里还年轻，但是克林顿总统之后没有总统死于自己的任期了，很多人对于总统的年龄问题就不那么担心了，这就导致希拉里不需要担心选民会在乎自己的年龄，这对于希拉里来说是个优势，所以A选项正确；B选项“现在人们的预期寿命延长了”，定位到第五段最后一句和第六段

44、第一句In 1963, life expectancy stood at 69 years, but now we can anticipate survival to 79a gift of 10 extra years. Another factor working in Hillarys favor: Women live longer than men by five years“1963年，人们的平均寿命是69岁，但现在我们可以预期活到79岁多活了10年。另一个对希拉里有利的因素是：女性比男性寿命长5年”这两句是连在一起的，第六段第一句说希拉里的另一个优势是女性比男性活的久，那么前面

45、一段最后一句说的是希拉里的第一个优势人均寿命变长了，所以B选项正确；C选项“女性通常比男性寿命长”，见B选项解析，这里正确。9.推理判断题。定位到文章最后一段倒数第一二句话When her husband, Bill, first ran for president at age 46, he could get away with providing only selective access to his medical records. Hillary, at age 69, should set a different standard.“当她的丈夫比尔(Bill)在46岁时首次竞选总

46、统时，他可以不受限制地提供自己的医疗记录。69岁的希拉里应该树立一个不同的标准。”从这里的关键词first ran for“首次竞选”可知，后面还会有克林顿还会有第二次竞选，所以答案选D“希拉里克林顿的丈夫比尔克林顿可能不止一次竞选总统”；A选项“希拉里克林顿将在巨大的压力下遭受严重的健康问题”，定位到最后一段第一句话None of this means that a person of Clintons age wont face significant health risks under the unimaginable pressures of presidential service

47、.“这并不意味着像克林顿这样年龄的人在难以想象的总统工作压力下不会面临重大的健康风险”，从这里作者是表明在承受巨大压力之后希拉里并不能保证自己一直会保持健康，但是也没有说希拉里一定会生病，所以A选项不选，这里属于曲意理解；B选项“如果希拉里克林顿想赢得其他候选人，她必须隐藏自己的个人病史”，定位到最后一段最后一句Hillary, at age 69, should set a different standard.“69岁的希拉里应该树立一个不同的标准”，从这里可知文章只是说希拉里以如此高龄去当总统应该设立一套不同的标准，并没有说她要隐藏自己的健康史才能当选总统，这里属于无中生有；C选项“在美

48、国历史上没有一个总统候选人逃避提供详细的医疗记录”，定位到最后一段第二句话Like any other candidate, she must release records detailing every aspect of her personal medical history.“和其他候选人一样，她必须公布详细记录她个人病史的各个方面的记录”，从这里可知每个总统候选人都得提交健康证明，但是没有说是否有人成功逃避上交健康证明，这里属于无中生有，所以不选。10.主旨大意题。分析文章行文结构，文章行文是总分总的结构，一二段引出主语，先提出年龄是否会成为希拉里竞选的一个障碍，接下来三段提出因为

49、肯尼迪之后刺杀活动销声匿迹，总统的寿命变长，所以选民不再纠结希拉里的年龄问题，年龄也不再成为希拉里竞选的阻碍，最后提出新问题，即年龄虽然不会成为障碍但是民众还是要考虑希拉里的健康问题并给出了自己的建议，由此答案选A“评论希拉里克林顿在2016年竞选总统是否太老了”；B选项“死于工作压力的总统”，文章最后一段只是提及并没有具体展开讲，属于以偏概全，所以不选；C选项“美国总统选举年龄的新规定”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；D选项“介绍在任期内做过大事的美国总统”，文章完全没有提及总统在任期内做过的事，属于无中生有，所以不选。3. 单选题Across the board, American coll

50、eges and universities are not doing a very good job of preparing their students for the workplace or their post-graduation lives. This was made clear by the work of two sociologists, Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa. In 2011, they released a landmark study titled “Academically Adrift,” which documented

51、 the lack of intellectual growth experienced by many people enrolled in college. In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the critical thinking, analytic reasoning and other higher-level skills that are necessary to thrive in todays knowledge-based economy and to lea

52、d our nation in a time of complex challenges and dynamic change.Arum and Roksa placed the blame for students lack of learning on a watered-down college curriculum and lowered undergraduate work standards. Although going to college is supposed to be a full-time job, students spent, on average, only 1

53、2 to 14 hours a week studying and many were skating through their semesters without doing a significant amount of reading and writing. Students who take more challenging classes and spend more time studying do learn more. But the priorities of many undergraduates are with extracurricular activities,

54、 playing sports, and partying and socializing.Laura Hamilton, the author of a study on parents who pay for college, will argue in a forthcoming book that college administrations are overly concerned with the social and athletic activities of their students. In Paying for the Party, Hamilton describe

55、s what she calls the “party pathway,” which eases many students through college, helped along by various clubs that send students into the party scene and a host of easier majors. By sanctioning this watered-down version of college, universities are “catering to the social and educational needs of w

56、ealthy students at the expense of others” who wont enjoy the financial backing or social connections of richer students once they graduate.These students need to build skills and knowledge during college if they are to use their degrees as a stepping-stone to middle-class mobility. But more privileg

57、ed students must not waste this opportunity either. As recent graduates can testify, the job market isnt kind to candidates who cant demonstrate genuine competence, along with a well-cultivated willingness to work hard. Nor is the global economy forgiving of an American workforce with increasingly w

58、eak literacy, math and science abilities. College graduates will still far better than those with only a high school education, of course. But a university degree unaccompanied by a gain in knowledge or skills is an empty achievement indeed. For students who have been coasting through college, and f

59、or American universities that have been demanding less work, offering more attractions and charging higher tuition, the party may soon be over.11. What is Arum and Roksas finding about higher education in America?12. What is responsible for the students lack of higher-level skills?13. What does Laur

60、a Hamilton say about college administrations?14. What can be learned about the socially and financially privileged students?15. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?问题1选项A.It aims at stimulating the intellectual curiosity of college students.B.It fails to prepare students to face the c

61、hallenges of modern times.C.It has experienced dramatic changes in recent years.D.It has tried hard to satisfy students various needs.问题2选项A.The diluted college curriculum.B.The boring classroom activities.C.The absence of rigorous discipline.D.The outdated educational approach.问题3选项A.They fail to g

62、ive adequate help to the needy students.B.They tend to offer too many less challenging courses.C.They seem to be out of touch with society.D.They prioritize non-academic activities.问题4选项A.They tend to have a sense of superiority over their peers.B.They can afford to choose easier majors in order to

63、enjoy themselves.C.They spend a lot of time building strong connections with businesses.D.They can climb the social ladder even without a degree.问题5选项A.American higher education has lost its global competitiveness.B.People should not expect too much from American higher education.C.The current situa

64、tion in American higher education may not last long.D.It will take a long time to change the current trend in higher education.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】11.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到文章第一段倒数一二句In 2011 they released a landmark study titled“Academically Adrift,” which documented the lack of intellectual growth experienced by many people enrolled in college. In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the c