2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷63

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1、2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题He managed to（ ）his way into her affection.问题1选项A.tailB.wormC.wolfD.rocket【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项tail“尾随，装上尾巴”；B选项worm“使蠕动，使缓慢、曲折前进”；worm ones way into“隐藏真正的意图混入某个地区或组织，混入，费一番功夫打入”，例如：He manage to worm his way into her life.（他设法骗取信任进入了她的生活。）；C选项wolf“大吃，狼吞虎咽地吃”；D

2、选项rocket”迅速增加，飞速移动”。句意：他设法赢得他的喜爱。由选项意思和固定搭配可知，B选项符合句意。2. 单选题The idea of spending the rest of my life there never（ ）me.问题1选项A.approves toB.attracts toC.appalls toD.appeals to【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项approve to “批准，赞成”，B选项attract“吸引”，一般没有“attract to”这样的用法，可以用attract sb. to do sth.或者sb. is attracted to do st

3、h.，C选项appall“使胆寒，使大吃一惊”，一般不和介词to搭配；D选项appeals to“呼吁，吸引，要求”。句意：在那里度过余生的想法从来没有吸引过我。由选项意思和固定搭配可知，D选项符合句意。3. 单选题The job of a student accommodation officer（ ）a great many visits to landladies.问题1选项A.concernsB.offersC.asksD.involves【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。考查动词辨析。A选项concern“关系到，涉及”，搭配是sth. concern sb.表示“某事关系到某人”；B

4、选项offer“提供，给予”；C选项ask“询问，邀请”；D选项involve“包含，涉及”。句意：学生宿舍管理人员的工作包括经常拜访女房东。由选项意思和句意可知，D选项符合句意。4. 单选题There seemed little hope that the explorer,（ ）by his guide, would find his way through the jungle.问题1选项A.having been desertedB.having desertedC.to have been desertedD.to be deserted【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词dese

5、rt和主语explorer是被动关系，B选项having desert“抛弃”表示主动，所以B选项排除，C选项to have been deserted 和D选项to be deserted都表示“将要被抛弃”，A选项having been deserted相当于who had been deserted，用来修饰explorer，表示现在已经被抛弃。句意：那位探险家被向导遗弃后，要找到穿过丛林的路似乎没有什么希望了。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。5. 单选题Until then, his family（ ）from him for six years.问题1选项A.didnt hearB

6、.hasnt been hearingC.hadnt heardD.hasnt heard【答案】C【解析】考查时态。题干中有关键的时间状语until then以及for six months提示谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时，表示过去已经发生的事情。句意：直到那时，他家里已经六个月没收到他的来信了。A选项 didn hear,一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态,不能与时间状语for six months，A选项排除，连用.B)hasn t been hearing,现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作,与题意不符。C选项hasn

7、 t heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。由选项意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C选项符合句意。6. 写作题Write on ANSWER SHEET a letter of about 150 words based on the following situation: You are Sally Parsons, dean of the School of Information Engineering, Southeast Missouri State University.

8、Your school is employing prof. Lin Jia-xin from Beijing University to be a visiting professor. Your writing should include the following content:1. The purpose of your employment2. The payment and accommodation offered to the professor3. The employment duration4. Your expectation for a favorable and

9、 early reply5. Signature in your name with rank / position【答案】略7. 单选题The ideal companion machine the computer would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also be programmed to behave in a pleasant manner. Those qualities that make interaction with other people enjoyable would be imitated

10、 as closely as possible, and the machine would appear to be charming, and easygoing. Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable and therefore interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant, but as i

11、t came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intonate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its

12、own.Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy. The whole

13、 process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation. After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more than a machine and

14、might well come to regard it as a friend.An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that people obtain from interpersonal friendships. The machine would participate in interesting conversation that could continue from previous discussions. It would have a familiarity

15、with the users life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-humored. The computers own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the machine might indeed become a very attractive socia

16、l partner.1. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the ideal companion machine?2. The computer would develop friendships with humans in a (n)（ ）way.3. Which of the following aspects is NOT mentioned when the passage discusses the benefits of artificial relationships?4. Throughout the passage, t

17、he author is （ ）in his attitude towards the computer.5. Which might be the most appropriate title of the passage?问题1选项A.Active in communicationB.Attractive in personalityC.Enjoyable in performanceD.Unpredictable in behaviour问题2选项A.quickB.unpredictableC.productiveD.inconspicuous问题3选项A.Being able to p

18、ick up an interesting conversation.B.Being sensitive to earlier contact.C.Being ready to learn about the persons life.D.Having a pleasant and adaptable personality.问题4选项A.favourableB.criticalC.vagueD.hesitant问题5选项A.Artificial relationshipsB.How to form intimate relationshipsC.The affectionate machin

19、eD.Humans and computers【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.事实细节题。题干：以下那个选项不是理想陪伴机器的特征？根据关键词“ideal companion machine”，可以定位到文章第一段，由第一段第三句话Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable（它随意的谈话风格会让互动变得舒适），可知A选项“积极地沟通”，符合题意；由第一段最后一句话it would sometimes take the initiative in developin

20、g or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own.（它有时会主动开展或改变话题，并有自己的个性。），可知B选项“个性有吸引力”，符合题意；由第一段第二句话Those qualities that make interaction with other people enjoyable would be imitated as closely as possible, and the machine would appear to be charming, and easygoing.（机器会尽可能地模仿那些使与他人互

21、动变得愉快的品质，迷人而又随和。），可知C选项“表现上使人愉悦”，符合题意。由第一段第三句话the machine would remain slightly unpredictable（机器行为可以预知），要注意限定词slightly“微小地”的使用。所以D选项“行为不可预知”，表述错误。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。2.事实细节题。题干：机器会以_的方式发展和人类的友情。由题干定位到文章第二段第三句话The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-

22、familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation.（整个过程将以一种微妙的方式完成，以避免给人留下过分熟悉的印象而产生愤怒。），可知友谊建立的过程是一个细微的、难以察觉的过程，所以D选项“难以察觉的，不引人注意的”，符合题意。A选项“迅速的”，B选项“不可预测的”，C选项“富有成效的”，均不符合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。3.事实细节题。题干：当文章讨论人工关系的好处时，下面哪个方面没有提到?由题干定位到文章最后一段，由最后一段第二句话The machine would participate in interesting

23、 conversation that could continue from previous discussions.（机器会参与到一段有趣的对话中，接上之前的讨论），可知A选项“能接起一段有趣的对话”，是人工关系的好处之一；由最后一段倒数第二句话The computers own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user.（计算机本身个性活泼，令人印象深刻，它将根据用户的个性给予回应。），可知D选项“个性开朗、适应能力强”，符合题意；由最后

24、一段第三句话It would have a familiarity with the users life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-humored.（就像早期接触显示的那样，它对用户的生活有一种熟悉感，它也善解人意，幽默风趣。），可知C选项“学习人类的日常生活”，表述正确，而B选项“对之前的接触敏感”，表达的意思不符合，属于对这句话的断章取义，所以B选项不正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。4.观点态度题。题干：在全文中，作者对计算机的态度是_。从文章最后一句With fe

25、atures such as these, the machine might indeed become a very attractive social partner.（有了这些功能，这台机器可能真的会成为一个非常有吸引力的社交伙伴。），可以看出作者对计算机的态度是赞许的，文章中也多次使用了褒义形容词:ideal, friendly, enjoyable, benefits, good-humored等等，所以本题应该选择A选项“赞许的”；B选项“批评的”，C选项“模糊的”，D选项“犹豫的”，都不是作者对计算机的态度。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。5.主旨大意题。题干：哪一个可能是这

26、篇文章最合适的标题？文章第一段表明电脑是理想的陪伴机器，与它交流会感到幽默轻松，它还能有自己的观点和建议。第二段文中提到了电脑会以一种不令人察觉的方式使人类接受这段友情。第三段提到电脑的人类的关系有各种各样的好处。综合整篇文章，可见电脑和人之间的友情，所以C选项“深情的机器”，比较贴合题意；B选项“如何形成亲密的关系”，整篇文章都在描述机器人和人类的关系，而B选项内容文章中没有涉及，所以排除。A选项“人工关系”和D选项“人类和电脑”，涉及的面广泛，文章没有全面说明。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。8. 单选题Traditionally, local midwives would（ ）all

27、the babies in the area.问题1选项A.handleB.produceC.deliverD.help【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项handle“处理”；B选项produce“生产”；C选项deliver“传送”；D选项help“帮助”。midwife是指“产婆，接生员”，deliver可以指接生（孩子），或者生孩子。句意：按照传统，当地的产婆接生这个地区的孩子。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。9. 单选题Public speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear;

28、 self-exposure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds.Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were und

29、er pressure to be perfect, you are terrified of falling in the most public of ways.While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. When I met the British comedian Julian Clary, he was shy and cautious,

30、 yet his TV performances are perfect.In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself. Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job. Whil

31、e politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed, written scripts to speak from, there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might not be true.Likewise, the incredibly perfect speeches of many American academics are far from natural. You may end up buying their b

32、ook on the way out, but soon afterwards, it is much like fast food, and you get a nameless sense that youve been cheated.Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Dianas funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to act naturally. A script rarely works and it is used to hel

33、p most speakers.But, being yourself doesnt work either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen, it would be too authentic, too unaware of the need to communicate with an audience.I remember going to see British psychiatrist R. D. Laing speak in public. He behaved like a seriously odd person

34、, talking off the top of his head. Although he was talking about madness and he wrote on mental illness, he seemed to be exhibiting rather than explaining it.The best psychological place from which to speak is an unselfconscious self-consciousness, providing the illusion of being natural. Studies su

35、ggest that this state of “flow”，as psychologists call it, is very satisfying.1. “This” in Paragraph Two refers to（ ）.2. Which of the following is NOT the authors viewpoint?3. What is the authors view on personality?4. The author implies that while speaking R. D. Laing（ ）.5. In the last paragraph the

36、 author recommends that（ ）.问题1选项A.insecurityB.sense of failureC.public speakingD.pressure问题2选项A.Acting like performers spoils the message in a speech.B.Perfection of scripts is necessary in making good impressions.C.Acting naturally means less dependence on the prepared script.D.There should be a ba

37、lance between actual acting and acting naturally.问题3选项A.Personality is the key to success in public speaking.B.Extroverts are better public speakers.C.Introverts have to learn harder to be good speakers.D.Factors other than personality ensure better performance.问题4选项A.was both too casual and authent

38、icB.was acting like a performerC.was keeping a good balanceD.was aware of his audience问题5选项A.you forget about your nervousnessB.you feel natural and speak naturallyC.you may feel nervous, but appear naturallyD.you may imagine yourself to be natural【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.推理判断题。题干：文章第二段的“t

39、his”指的是_。第一段说到演讲使很多人望而却步。首先是因为害羞，其次是害怕在众人面前露面而且担心不能吸引听众。女人尤其讨厌演讲，因为女孩子从小就感受到各种公开露面的压力。然后定位到文章第二段Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. （很多人都有较强的不安全感，这项活动似乎可以引发人们的不安全感。），根据上下文可知，指示代词this指代本篇主题：公开演讲。所以本题的正确选项是C“公开演讲”。2.推理判断题。题干：以下哪个选项不是作者的观点_

40、。第四段第三句话Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job.像真正的演员那样表演，就像是在念别人的台词而不是你自己的台词一样，往往是行不通的。对应A选项“表演得像演员一样会破坏演讲中的信息”的内容。第五段第一句话Likewise, the incredibly perfect speeches of many American academics are far from natural. You may end up buy

41、ing their book on the way out, but soon afterwards, it is much like fast food, and you get a nameless sense that youve been cheated.（同样地，许多美国学者的完美地不可思议的演讲都极不自然。你可能会在听完演讲后买他们的书，但是很快，你会有一种莫名的上当受骗的感觉，就像吃完快餐食品后的感觉一样。听完许多完美地不可思议的演讲后往往会有一种莫名的上当受骗的感觉。），说明太完美的内容让演讲不自然，和B选项“为了给人留下好印象，完美的剧本是必要的”表达的意思不符合，所以本题应

42、该选择B选项。第六段的第二句话A script rarely works and it is used to help most speakers.（但是稿子很少能起作用，它只是大多数演讲者的拐杖而已。）和C选项“自然的表演意味着少依赖准备好的剧本”内容对应，综合以上，可以推断出即使是精心准备的演讲也不一定能够博得听众的好感，所以D选项“在真实的表演和自然的表演之间应该有一个平衡。”也是正确的。综上所述，本题的正确答案为B选项。3.推理判断题。题干：关于个性，哪一项是作者的观点？通过第四段第一句话In fact, personality is not the best predictor of

43、 who does it well.（事实上，性格并不能最准确地预测出一个人能否成功。），可推断出A选项“性格是成功演讲的关键”错误。通过第三段第一句话While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine.（性格外向的人在这种折磨下比性格内向的人感受到的恐惧要小些，但这并不意味着他们一定会比性格内向的人做得更好。有些很害羞的人也能成功得使自己脱颖而出。）可推断

44、出B选项“外向的人是更好的公众演说家”错误，和C选项“内向的人要想成为优秀的演讲者必须更加努力学习”错误。根据题干关键词personality定位到第四段：In fact，personality is not the best predictor of who does it wellRegardless of what you are like in real life，the key seems to be to act yourself（人的性格并非做好演讲的最好标准，关键在于其他因素。）。综上所述，本题D选项“人格之外的因素保证了更好的表现”正确。4.推理判断题。题干：当提起R.D.

45、Laing时，作者暗示_。通过题干关键词“R.D. Laing”定位到第八段 He behaved like a seriously odd person, talking off the top of his head. Although he was talking about madness and he wrote on mental illness, he seemed to be exhibiting rather than explaining it.（当他即兴发言的时候表现地好像个十足的怪人。尽管他那天谈论的是有关疯狂的话题，而且他的文章写的是精神病，他看起来就像是在表演而不是

46、在进行解释。），因此R.D. Laing在演讲时更多的是在表演，是在作秀，故B选项“表现得像个表演者”为正确答案。其他三项在文中均未提及，排除。5.推理判断题。题干：在最后一段，作者建议_。定位到文章最后一段， The best psychological place from which to speak is an unselfconscious self-consciousness, providing the illusion of being natural.（演讲时的最佳心理状态是无意识的自我意识，从而获得表现自然的幻觉。），所以本题的正确答案是D选项“你可以想象自己是自然的”，A

47、选项“你会忘记你的紧张”，文章并没有暗示演讲时会忘记你的紧张，所以A选项排除，B选项“你感觉自然，说话自然”，最后一段表达的意思是，心里状态要自然，并没有提及说话需不需要自然，所以B选项排除，C选项“你可能会感到紧张，但要表现得自然”文章表达的是要克服紧张的心里情绪，所以C选项也不正确，综上所述，本题的正确答案为D选项。10. 单选题Relying on his（ ）, the doctor cured the seemingly incurable patient.问题1选项A.approachB.faithC.expertiseD.confidence【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项

48、approach“方法，方式”；B选项faith“信仰，信念”；C选项expertise“专业知识，专门技术”；D选项confidence“自信，信任”，句意：医生依靠他的专业知识治好了这个看似无法治愈的病人。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。11. 单选题On our way to Beijing, we visited Xian, a city of two million（ ）, and stayed there for two days.问题1选项A.insectsB.humanC.inhabitantsD.flights【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项insect“昆虫，卑

49、鄙的人”；B选项human“人，人类”；C选项inhabitant“居民，居住者”；D选项flight“飞行，班机”。句意：在去北京的途中，我们参观了有200万人口的城市西安，并在那里呆了两天。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。12. 单选题If it（ ）tomorrow, the match would be put off.问题1选项A.were to rainB.was to rainC.was rainingD.had rained【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。If引导条件状语从句，句子用虚拟语气。对将来情况的虚拟，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原

50、形，从句用if+主语+did/were to do/should do，所以本题应该选A选项“were to rain”，正确。13. 单选题He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do,（ ）that he paid me back the following week.问题1选项A.on occasionB.on purposeC.on conditionD.only if【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项on occasion“间或，有时”，例句：It has,on occasion，created trouble

51、for the bank. (有时，这给银行造成麻烦。)；B选项on purpose“故意”，例句：I came here on purpose to see you.（我特地来这里看你。)；C选项on condition“在条件下，如果，倘若”，例句：You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat. (你要穿上外套才能出去。)；D选项only if“只要，只有”。用于句首时，后面主句的主谓语要倒装，例如：Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to en

52、ter this room.（只有得到老师的允许，学生才可以进这屋。)。四个选项中只有C选项on condition后面跟that从句，表示“在条件下”。句意：他向我借钱，我同意了，但条件是下周还钱。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。14. 单选题No words will（ ）to convey my grief.问题1选项A.serveB.supplyC.sufficeD.support【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项serve“招待，供应，为服务”；B选项supply“供给，提供，补充”；C选项suffice“使满足，足够，有能力”，suffice to“足以”，例如：One ex

53、ample will suffice to illustrate the point.举一个例子就足以说明这一点，D选项support“支持，帮助，支撑”，句意：没有言语能够表达我的悲伤。由选项意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C选项符合句意。15. 单选题The winter vacation（ ）over, he got down to his work again.问题1选项A.beingB.wasC.wereD.had been【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句子用逗号连接，且在本句中没有任何连词。因此，这里不可能是两个完整的句子，而只能一个是句子主干，另一个是非谓语结构作状语，因此排除B、

54、C、D选项。“the winter vacation being over”是一独立分词结构，用来做状语，表示时间，例如：Nobody haying any more to say, the meeting was closed.（大家都没有什么可说的了，会议就结束了。）。句意：寒假结束后，他又开始认真工作了。因此，本题的正确答案是A选项。16. 单选题The glassware in the box is（ ）; it has got to be handled with care.问题1选项A.crunchyB.fragileC.brittleD.crisp【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析

55、。A选项crunchy“易碎的，发出嘎吱嘎吱声的”，通常有响声的时候用，例如：The leaves crunched under my feet.（树叶在我脚下嘎吱作响。）B选项fragile“脆的，易碎的”常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西，也引申为体弱的，虚弱的，例如：Be careful with that vaseit is very fragile.（拿那只花瓶要小心它很容易碎。），Hes feeling a bit fragile after last nights party.（他参加了昨晚的聚会以后，现在感觉有些虚弱。）C选项brittle“易碎的，脆弱的，易生气的”，指没

56、有弹性或伸缩性的脆性材料，暗示受压或被扭曲时易碎，例如：As you get older your bones become increasingly brittle.（随着年龄增长，人的骨头变得越来越脆。）D选项crisp“脆的，新鲜的，易碎的”，指食物炸的很酥脆，例如：Bake until the pastry is golden and crisp.（把油酥糕点烤至金黄酥脆。）句意：箱子里的玻璃器皿易碎，需要轻拿轻放。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。17. 单选题He（ ）spends his holidays in the mountains though occasionall

57、y he goes to the seaside instead.问题1选项A.usuallyB.constantlyC.invariablyD.always【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项usually“通常，经常”，表示频率高，允许有例外；B选项constantly“不断地；时常地”，表示一个动作不断发生，一成不变；C选项invariably “总是，不变地，一如既往的”，表示一成不变的持续动作；D选项always“总是，常常”，频度为100%，表示动作重复、状态继续、中间没有间断。句意：他通常在山里度假，但偶尔去海边。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。18. 单选题What h

58、e said in the meeting（ ）everybody present.问题1选项A.repelledB.dismissedC.disposedD.eliminated【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项repel“抵制，使厌恶”；B选项dismiss“解散，不予考虑”；C选项dispose“处理，处置”；D选项eliminate“消除，排除”。句意：他说的话令在场的所有人厌恶。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。19. 单选题Farmers were encouraged to keep their livestock in pens rather than letting

59、them（ ）freely.问题1选项A.roamB.wanderC.wonderD.roar【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项roam“闲逛，漫步”；B选项wander“游荡，漫游”；C选项wonder“想知道，纳闷”；D选项roar“咆哮，呼喊”。句意：鼓励农民们把家畜关进栏圈，而不是让它们到处乱跑。由rather than可知，句子后半句表达的意思应该“和把家畜关进栏圈”相反，C，D不符合句意。roam常指在广阔地方以自得其乐的愉快心情作无固定目标的漫游，wander多指人无目的地到处徘徊或闲荡，A选项与其意思对应。因此A选项符合句意。20. 单选题The scent of her perfume（ ）on in the classroom.问题1选项A.continuedB.lingeredC.coveredD.existed【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项continue“继续，逗留”continueon“继续”；B选项linger“消磨，缓慢度过”，lingeron“流连忘返，一直存在”；C选项cover“覆盖，包括”；D选项exist“存在，生存”，existon“靠为生”。句意：她的香水味在房间里久久不散。由选项意思和固定搭配可知，B选项符合句意。