2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷7

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1、2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The performance of this reasonably priced record player is（ ）in quality to that of some more expensive hi-fi sets.问题1选项A.comparableB.comparedC.parallelD.alike【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项comparable“可比较的，同等的，相当的”例如：No horse has a speed comparable to that of his。（没有一匹马的速

2、度能比得上他的马。）B选项compared“比较的，对照的”例如：Happiness is to be felt, not to be compared.（幸福，是用来感觉的，而不是用来比较的。）C选项parallel “平行的，类似的”例如：The road runs parallel to the river. （这条路和这条河是平行的。）；D选项alike“相似的；相像的”例如：My sister and I do not look alike.（我和我妹妹外貌不相像。）句意：这部定价合理的录音机在性能上可与那些昂贵的高保真音响设备相比。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。2. 单选题

3、After the heavy rain, a builder was called to repair the roof, which was（ ）.问题1选项A.leakingB.tricklingC.drippingD.floating【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项leak“漏，(液体)渗入，(气体)逸出”；B选项trickle“（液体)成小股流动，滴”；C选项drip“滴下，滴落”；D选项float“漂浮；飘动”。句意：大雨过后，建筑工人被叫去修理漏水的屋顶。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。3. 单选题Over the past several decades, the

4、U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with “nonhuman creatures” such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to

5、 receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca “lines” of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These fines are

6、deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet-meaning from an aircraft. Yet

7、 there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German research

8、er and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoff at and abandon von Danikens theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the

9、scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin Americas past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail a

10、nd chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.1. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?2. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were found（ ）.3. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the（ ）i

11、mages they present.3. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because of（ ）.5. The author is（ ）about the role of the Internet in solving mysteries.问题1选项A.Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomenaB.Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru

12、C.Public interest usually focuses on North America and EuropeD.Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries问题2选项A.in mountainsB.in stonesC.on animalsD.on a plain问题3选项A.smallerB.largerC.clearerD.brighter问题4选项A.the participation of scientistsB.the emergence of the InternetC.the birth of new theo

13、riesD.the interest in the Internet问题5选项A.cautiousB.pessimisticC.uncertainD.optimistic【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。题干：以下哪个选项的陈述不正确？文章第一段第三句指出Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well.（直到最近，拉丁美洲也开始受到一些关注。），可知A选项“拉丁美洲长期以来一直因异常现象而受到关注”，与原文意思矛盾，表述不正确，答案选A；根据第一段最后

14、一句话Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.（尽管阿兹特克文明、玛雅文明和印加文明的奥秘已经为人所知好几个世纪了，但现在公众也开始意识到在秘鲁等国家出现了不寻常的超自然现象。），可知B选项“公众的注意力现在转向了像秘鲁这样的国家”和D选项“一些古代

15、文明有未解之谜”，均符合文意；根据第一段第一句话Over the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries.（在过去的几十年里，美国、加拿大和欧洲因异常现象和未解之谜而受到了大量媒体甚至研究的关注。），可知C选项“公众的兴趣通常集中在北美和欧洲”正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。2.事实细节题。题干：根据文章可知

16、，纳斯卡线条在_被发现。由题干关键词“Nazca lines”定位至第二段第二句话These fines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard.（这些细雕被深深地雕刻成一个平坦的石质平原，并形成了大约300幅复杂的动物图片，如鸟、猴子和蜥蜴。），可知D选项“在平原”，正确。A选项“在山区”，B选项“石头上”和C选项“在动物身上”，均不是正确答案。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D

17、选项。3.事实细节题。题干：我们可以根据文章推断，在越高的地方看这些线条，图像展现得就会越_。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三，四句话Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet-meaning from an aircraft.（从地面上看，这些设计是乱七八糟，毫无意义的东西。这些图像是如此之大，以至于只能在1000英尺的高度也就是说从飞机上看。），也就是说

18、，从越高的地方看这些线条，图案也就越清晰。所以本题C选项“越清晰”，符合题意。A选项“越渺小”，B选项“越庞大”，和D选项“越明亮”，均不符合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。4.事实细节题。题干：人们对纳斯卡线条越来越感兴趣主要是因为_。由题干可以定位到文章第三段前两句Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet.（今天，人们对纳斯卡线条有了新的更大的兴趣。它是互联网诞生的直接结果。），可知B选项

19、“互联网的出现”，符合题意；而第三段最后一句话and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.（甚至受人尊敬的科学家也通过电子邮件和聊天室加入了讨论），是对互联网对其贡献的具体说明，不是直接原因，故A选项“科学家的参与”，不正确；C选项“新理论的诞生”和D选项“互联网的兴趣”与题干无关，故排除。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。5.观点态度题。题干：关于互联网在解决神秘事件中的作用，作者是_。全文末句表达了作者的态度Perhaps it is a step in the

20、 fight direction.（也许这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。）这里a step in the right direction是对这种解开不解之谜的方式的肯定，但加上perhaps之后可以感受到作者这种谨慎的态度，故A选项“谨慎的”，符合题意。B选项“悲观的”，C选项“不确定的”和D选项“乐观的”，均不是作者的态度。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。4. 单选题In general, the effects of radiation can be divided into those which affect the individuals exposed and those which

21、 affect their（ ）.问题1选项A.successionB.descendantsC.descentD.successors【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项succession“继任，继承”；B选项descendant“后代，晚辈”；C选项descent“下降，血统，袭击”；D选项successor“继承人”。根据individual可知，空格处应填入某一或某类人物，故A、C选项不符合题意，排除。successor一般是说某个家庭的继承人，而descendant泛指人类的子孙后代，所以本题选B更加贴切。句意：总的来说，辐射的危害可以分为对辐射接收者本人的影响以及对其子孙后代的

22、影响。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。5. 单选题Every country with a monetary system of its own has to have some kind of market in which dealers in bills, notes, and other forms of short term credit can buy and sell. The “money market” is a set of institutions or arrangements for handling what might be called wholesale t

23、ransactions in money and short-term credit. The need for such facilities arises in much the same way that a similar need does in connection with the distribution of any of the products of a diversified economy to their final users at the retail level. If the retailer is to provide reasonably adequat

24、e service to his customers, he must have active contacts with others who specialize in making or handling bulk quantities of whatever is his stock in trade. The money market is made up of specialized facilities of exactly this kind. It exists for the purpose of improving the ability of the retailers

25、 of financial servicescommercial banks, savings institutions, investment houses, lending agencies, and even governmentsto do their job. It has little if any contact with the individuals or firms who maintain accounts with these various retailers or purchase their securities or borrow from them.The e

26、lemental functions of a money market must be performed in any kind of modern economy, even one that is largely planned or socialist, but the arrangements in socialist countries do not ordinarily take the form of a market. Money markets exist in countries that use market processes rather than planned

27、 allocations to distribute most of their primary resources among alternative uses. The general distinguishing feature of a money market is that it relies upon open competition among those who are bulk suppliers of funds at any particular time and among those seeking bulk funds, to work out the best

28、practicable distribution of the existing total volume of such funds.In their market transactions, those with bulk supplies of funds or demands for them, rely on groups of intermediaries who act as brokers or dealers. The characteristics of these middlemen, the services they perform, and their relati

29、onship to other parts of the financial system vary widely from country to country. In many countries there is no single meeting place where the middlemen get together, yet in most countries the contacts among all participants are sufficiently open and free to assure each supplier or user of funds th

30、at he will get or pay a price that fairly reflects all of the influences (including his own) that are currently affecting the whole supply and the whole demand. In nearly all cases, moreover, the unifying force of competition is reflected at any given moment in a common price (that is, rate of inter

31、est) for similar transactions. Continuous fluctuations in the money market rates of interest result from changes in the pressure of available supplies of funds upon the market and in the pull of current demands upon the market.1. The first paragraph is mainly about（ ）.2. According to this passage, t

32、he money market（ ）.3. Which of the following statements concerning money market is NOT TRUE according to this passage?4. The author uses the example of middlemen to show（ ）.5. According to this passage,（ ）.问题1选项A.the definition of money marketB.the constitution of a money marketC.the basic functions

33、 of a money marketD.the general feature of a money market问题2选项A.provides convenient services to its customersB.has close contact with the individuals or firms seeking fundsC.maintains accounts with various retailers of financial servicesD.is made up of institutions which specialize in handling whole

34、sale monetary transactions问题3选项A.Money market does not exist in planned economies.B.Money market has been established in some socialist countries.C.Money market encourages open competition among bulk suppliers of funds.D.Money market relies upon market processes to distribute funds to final users.问题

35、4选项A.market transactions are important in different countriesB.dealers are needed in doing businessC.middlemen can play great role in different transactions and different countries.D.middlemen in different countries have different actions in business.问题5选项A.brokers usually perform the same kinds of

36、services to their customersB.brokers have little contact with each otherC.open competition tends to result in a common price for similar transactions at any given momentD.changes in the pressure of available supplies of funds upon the market tends to maintain a money market【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C第5

37、题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。题干：第一段主要是关于_。可以定位到第一段，不难发现，第一段的主要是在描述金融市场的定义The “money market” is a set of institutions or arrangements for handling what might be called wholesale transactions in money and short-term credit.（金融市场就是一组用钱和短期信贷进行批发交易的公共机构或组织。）以及金融市场的目的和作用It exists for the purpose of improving the abilit

38、y of the retailers of financial services（其设立的目的是为了帮助金融机构），所以C选项“金融市场的基本功能”正确。A选项“金融市场的定义”不够全面，B选项“金融市场的章程”和D选项“金融市场的一般特征”在第一段中均未提及，排除，所以本题的正确答案是C选项。2.推理判断题。题干：根据文章，金融市场_。通过第一段第二行的后半句话可知The “money market” is a set of institutions or arrangements for handling what might be called wholesale transaction

39、s in money and short-term credit.（金融市场就是一组用钱和短期信贷进行批发交易的公共机构或组织。），该句的意思与D项“是由专门处理批发货币交易的机构组成的”符合，故D选项正确。A选项“为客户提供方便的服务”通过第一段第四句If the retailer is to provide reasonably adequate service to his customers（如果零售商要为他的客户提供充足的服务。），可知，为客户提供服务的应该是零售商，所以A选项不正确，B选项“与寻求资金的个人或公司有密切联系”，通过最后一段第一句话In their market tr

40、ansactions, those with bulk supplies of funds or demands for them, rely on groups of intermediaries who act as brokers or dealers.（在市场交易中，提供资金和寻求资金者之间依靠经纪人或经销商这些中间人来进行交易。），所以B选项不正确，C选项“在不同的金融服务零售商保持账户”，由第一段倒数第二句话可知，金融市场是为了帮助金融机构的零售商们做好他们的工作，和C选项表达意思不符合，所以C选项不正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。3.推理判断题。题干：根据文章可知，以下那

41、个关于金融市场的描述不正确？根据第二段第三行Money markets exist in countries that use market processes rather than planned allocations to distribute most of their primary resources among alternative uses.（金融市场存在于那些利用市场而不是计划来分配资源的国家里。），我们可以知道，货币市场不仅仅存在于社会主义国家，所以B选项“金融市场在一些社会主义国家已经建立了”是错误的。A选项“计划经济中不存在金融市场”，与第二段的第一句话“金融市场最

42、基本的功能必须以现代经济形式来体现，甚至是高度计划或社会主义，但社会主义国家不一定都要采取市场形式。”对应，所以排除A选项，C选项“金融市场鼓励大宗资金供应商之间的公开竞争”与第二段的最后一句话“货币市场的特点是，它依赖于在任何特定时间内，大量资金提供者之间的公开竞争”对应，所以排除C选项，D选项“金融市场依靠市场程序将资金分配给最终用户”，与文章第一段中提到，“金融市场就是一组用钱和短期信贷进行批发交易的公共机构或组织，在多样经济背景下在零售层面中将产品分配给最终的用户需要建立很多便利设施”对应，所以排除D选项。综上所述，本题应该选B选项。4.推理判断题。题干：作者利用中间商的例子来说明_。

43、三段中，对这些middleman的作用进行了阐述，从中我们可以看到他们在不同的国家都起到了重要的作用，所以C选项“中间商在不同的交易和不同的国家都能发挥很大的作用”正确，A选项“市场交易在不同的国家都很重要”和D选项“在不同的国家中间商在商界有着不同的举措”，在文中均有提及，但是并不是作者的目的。B选项“做生意需要经销商”文章都在说明金融市场的功能和重要性，所以这里应该是，做生意需要金融市场而不是经销商。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。5.推理判断题。题干：根据文章，_。第二段的第三句话中，我们可以知道货币市场的一个分配特征就是依靠资金提供方和需求方各内部之间的竞争，所以可以得出C项“公开竞

44、争往往会导致类似交易在任何给定时刻的共同价格”的结论。A“经纪人通常为他们的客户提供同样的服务”，通过文章第三段第二句话“这些中间人的特点，他们提供的服务，他们同其他金融之间的关系每个国家都不同”，可知A选项不正确，B项“经纪人之间几乎没有联系”，通过文章第三段第三句话“大多数国家中所有参与者之间的联系都是公开进行”可知B选项不符合文中的题意。D项“可用资金供应对市场压力的变化倾向于维持货币市场”货币市场的浮动并不只是取决于资金提供方，还有市场的需要的因素，所以排除D选项。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。6. 单选题Although architecture has artistic qua

45、lities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical（ ）.问题1选项A.obligationsB.regulationsC.observationsD.considerations【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项obligation“义务，债务”；B选项regulation“条例，规程”；C选项observation“观察”；D选项consideration“考虑，注意事项”。句意：建筑虽然具有艺术性，但它也必须满足一些重要的实用性考虑。由选项意思和句意可知，D选项符合句意。7. 单选题She must have be

46、en pretty（ ）to fall for such an old trick.问题1选项A.interestedB.gullibleC.enthusiasticD.shrewd【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项interested“感兴趣的”；B选项gullible“易受骗的，轻信的”；C选项enthusiastic“热情的”；D选项shrewd“精明的，狡猾的”。句意：她太容易上当受骗了，才落入这样的老圈套。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。8. 单选题The glassware in the box is（ ）; it has got to be handled with

47、care.问题1选项A.crunchyB.fragileC.brittleD.crisp【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项crunchy“易碎的，发出嘎吱嘎吱声的”，通常有响声的时候用，例如：The leaves crunched under my feet.（树叶在我脚下嘎吱作响。）B选项fragile“脆的，易碎的”常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西，也引申为体弱的，虚弱的，例如：Be careful with that vaseit is very fragile.（拿那只花瓶要小心它很容易碎。），Hes feeling a bit fragile after last nig

48、hts party.（他参加了昨晚的聚会以后，现在感觉有些虚弱。）C选项brittle“易碎的，脆弱的，易生气的”，指没有弹性或伸缩性的脆性材料，暗示受压或被扭曲时易碎，例如：As you get older your bones become increasingly brittle.（随着年龄增长，人的骨头变得越来越脆。）D选项crisp“脆的，新鲜的，易碎的”，指食物炸的很酥脆，例如：Bake until the pastry is golden and crisp.（把油酥糕点烤至金黄酥脆。）句意：箱子里的玻璃器皿易碎，需要轻拿轻放。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。9. 单选题F

49、ool（ ）Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.问题1选项A.whoB.asC.likeD.that【答案】B【解析】考查让步状语从句。句子前半部分用了倒装，四个选项中只有as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形。句意：像杰瑞这么傻，他不可能做这种事。故本题的正确选项是B选项。10. 单选题The tone of the article（ ）the writers mood at the time.问题1选项A.reproducedB.reflectedC.imaginedD.imitated

50、【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项reproduce“复制，繁殖”；B选项reflect“反射，反应”；C选项imagine“想象，猜想”；D选项imitate“模仿，仿制”。句意：这篇文章的语气反映了作者当时的心情。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。11. 单选题The government（ ）regulations that put this archeological site under protection.问题1选项A.dischargedB.releasedC.issuedD.published【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项discharge“准许（某人）离开，

51、释放，排出”；B选项release“释放，发泄，免除”；C选项issue“发行，发布”；D选项publish“出版，发表，公布”。句意：政府颁布条例来保护这个考古遗址。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。12. 单选题It was really（ ）of you to remember my birthday.问题1选项A.gratefulB.considerateC.considerableD.generous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项grateful“感谢的，令人愉快的”；B选项considerate“体贴的，考虑周到的”，例句：Ive always understood

52、one should try and be considerate of other people.（我一直认为一个人应该尽量为他人着想。）；C选项considerable“相当大的，重要的，值得考虑的”，例句：He brought to the job not just considerable experience but passionate enthusiasm.（他不仅给这一工作带来了不少经验，而且倾注了极大的热情。）；D选项generous“慷慨的，大方的”。句意：你还记得我的生日，真是太体贴了。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。13. 单选题If only I（ ）play

53、the guitar as well as you!问题1选项A.wouldB.couldC.shouldD.might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。If only“要是就好了”，后面的句子用虚拟语气表示惋惜、遗憾。本句是对现在情况（人的能力）的虚拟，动词can用过去式could。句意：如果能像你一样弹奏吉他，那该多好啊!综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。14. 单选题Until then, his family（ ）from him for six years.问题1选项A.didnt hearB.hasnt been hearingC.hadnt heardD.hasnt heard【答

54、案】C【解析】考查时态。题干中有关键的时间状语until then以及for six months提示谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时，表示过去已经发生的事情。句意：直到那时，他家里已经六个月没收到他的来信了。A选项 didn hear,一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态,不能与时间状语for six months，A选项排除，连用.B)hasn t been hearing,现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作,与题意不符。C选项hasn t heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去

55、的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。由选项意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C选项符合句意。15. 单选题The United Nations（ ）much to world peace and order.问题1选项A.has attributedB.have attributedC.has contributedD.have contributed【答案】C【解析】考查词义辨析。attributeto“把归因”，contributeto“对作贡献”。表示国家、地名等专用名词做主语时，后面谓语用单数形式，句意：联合国为世界和平与秩序做出了巨大贡献。所以本题的正确答案是C选

56、项。16. 翻译题Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.Energy Minister Charles Hendry announced last week that converting the plutonium (钚) to MOX (mixed-oxide fuel) was still the plan, but a new 3 billion (US$4.7 billion) plant would only be built if it could be

57、shown that it was both affordable and offered value for money. Although at first glance this may seem fiscally prudent, when taken with other recent events it starts to look nonsensical. Just a few weeks ago the NDA (the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority), responding to the governments own request t

58、o consider how to deal with the stockpile, advised that the cost of making MOX is greater than its value as a fuel. And therefore, the most cost-effective plan would be to continue storing the plutonium until a geological disposal facility becomes available for it to be buried underground. So whats

59、going on? To make sense of it all, Nature peers through the looking glass of the British nuclear industry.【答案】能源部长查尔斯亨得利上周宣布，将钚转化为MOX（混合氧化物燃料）仍然在计划中，但是只有在能负担得起和有收益的情况下，才会建造一项新的30亿英磅（47亿美元）的工厂。尽管乍一看，这在财政上似乎是谨慎的，但与最近发生的其他事件相结合，就开始显得荒谬了。就在几周前，NDA（核退役管理局）回应了政府自己提出的考虑如何处理库存的请求，建议制造MOX的成本大于其作为燃料的价值。因此，最经济

60、实惠的计划将是继续储存钚，直到有地质处理设施可以将其埋在地下为止。那么到底发生了什么？为了弄清这一切，自然透过英国核工业的镜子审视了这一切。17. 单选题A bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy colored fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the caf of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Babylo

61、nian, a white palace with ten thousand lights. Its towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of l

62、uxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand lights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperame

63、ntal long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress (five feet four in height and in average healt