2022年考博英语-苏州大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷98

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1、2022年考博英语-苏州大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题A new study from the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (CIRCLE) at Tufts University shows that todays youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations, and a 2008 study from the Center for American Progress adds that incr

2、easing numbers of young voters and activists support traditionally liberal causes. But theres no easy way to see what those figures mean in real life. During the presidential campaign, Barack Obama assembled a racially and ideologically diverse coalition with his message of hope and change; as the r

3、eality of life under a new administration settles in, some of those supporters might become disillusioned. As the nation moves further into the Obama presidency, will politically engaged young people continue to support the president and his agenda, or will they gradually drift away?The writers of G

4、eneration O (short for Obama), a new Newsweek blog that seeks to chronicle the lives of a group of young Obama supporters, want to answer that question. For the next three months, Michelle Kremer and 11 other Obama supporters, ages 19 to 34, will blog about life across mainstream America, with one t

5、wist: by tying all of their ideas and experiences to the new president and his administration, the bloggers will try to start a conversation about what it means to be young and politically active in America today. Malena Amusa, a 24-year-old writer and dancer from St. Louis sees the project as a way

6、 to preserve history as it happens. Amusa, who is traveling to India this spring to finish a book, then to Senegal to teach English, has ongoing conversations with her friends about how the Obama presidency has changed their daily lives and hopes to put some of those ideas, along with her global per

7、spective, into her posts. Shes excited because, as she puts it, “I dont have to wait until 15 years from now” to make sense of the world.Henry Flores, a political-science professor at St. Marys University, credits this younger generations political strength to their embrace of technology. “The Inter

8、net exposes them to more thinking,” he says, “and groups that are like-minded in different parts of the country start to come together.” Thats exactly what the Generation O bloggers are hoping to do. The result could be a group of young people that, like their boomer (二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人)parents, grows u

9、p with a strong sense of purpose and sheds the image of apathy (冷漠) theyve inherited from Generation X (60年代后期和70年代出生的美国人). Its no small challenge for a blog run by a group of ordinaryif ambitiousyoung people, but the members of Generation O are up to the task.46.What is the finding of a new study b

10、y CIRCLE?47.What is a main concern of the writers of Generation O?48.What will the Generation O bloggers write about in their posts?49.What accounts for the younger generations political strength according to Professor Henry Flores?50.What can we infer from the passage about Generation X?问题1选项A.More

11、 young voters are going to the polls than before.B.The young generation supports traditionally liberal causes.C.Young voters played a decisive role in Obamas election.D.Young people in America are now more diverse ideologically.问题2选项A.How Obama is going to live up to young peoples expectations.B.Whe

12、ther America is going to change during Obamas presidency.C.Whether young people will continue to support Obamas policy.D.How Obamas agenda is going to affect the life of Americans.问题3选项A.Their own interpretation of American politics.B.Policy changes to take place in Obamas administration.C.Obamas pr

13、esidency viewed from a global perspective.D.Their lives in relation to Obamas presidency.问题4选项A.Their embrace of radical ideas.B.Their desire to change America.C.Their utilization of the Internet.D.Their strong sense of responsibility.问题5选项A.They are politically conservative.B.They reject convention

14、al values.C.They dare to take up challenges.D.They are indifferent to politics.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】46.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“shows that todays youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations, and a 2008 study from the Center for American Progress adds that increasing numbers of young vot

15、ers and activists support traditionally liberal causes.”，可知CIRCLE的研究发现越来越多的年轻选民和活动人士支持传统的自由主义事业。可判断出参加投票的年轻选民比以往更多。选项A符合题意。47.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“As the nation moves further into the Obama presidency, will politically engaged young people continue to support the president and his agenda, or will they gra

16、dually drift away?”，可知随着美国进一步进入奥巴马的总统任期，参与政治的年轻人是否会继续支持总统和他的议程，这是个问题。紧接着第二段第一句提到新闻周刊新开的博客“O一代”想要回答这个问题。可判断出“O一代”主要思考的问题是年轻人是否会继续支持奥巴马的政策。选项C符合题意。48.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“The writers of Generation O (short for Obama), a new Newsweek blog that seeks to chronicle the lives of a group of young Obama supporters

17、”，可知新闻周刊新开的博客O一代旨在记录一群年轻的奥巴马支持者的生活。可判断出他们将会把奥巴马执政期间年轻人的生活记录其中。选项D符合题意。49.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“credits this younger generations political strength to their embrace of technology. The Internet exposes them to more thinking, he says”，可知Henry把年轻一代的政治力量归功于他们对科技的拥抱，互联网让他们有更多的思考机会。可判断出年轻一代的政治力量来自于他们对互联网的运用。选项C符合

18、题意。50.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“grows up with a strong sense of purpose and sheds the image of apathy theyve inherited from Generation X.”，可知他们带着强烈的使命感长大，摆脱了他们从X一代那里继承来的冷漠形象。可判断出X一代对待政治是漠不关心的冷漠的态度。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题They gathered （ ） information before designing the measuring equipment.问题1选项A.a great manyB.vast amo

19、unts ofC.a large number ofD.a number of【答案】B【解析】词组辨析。A great many, a large number of和a number of后都接可数名词，information为不可数名词，所以选用vast amount of，句意：他们在设计测量设备之前收集了大量的信息。选项B符合题意。3. 单选题Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply （ ）.问题1选项A.appreciatedB.approvedC.appealedD.applied【答案】A【解析】动词

20、词义辨析。appreciate “感激”；approve “赞成，批准”；appeal “吸引”；apply “使用”。句意：对于赠送给我们这些珍贵的书籍作为礼物，我们感到深深的感激。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题Britains press is unusual （ ）it is divided into two very different types of newspaper: the quality press and the popular press.问题1选项A.in howB.in whatC.in whichD.in that【答案】D【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知空格后为

21、原因状语从句，表原因。in that相当于because，可引导原因状语从句。句意：英国的报纸不同寻常之处在于，它被分为两种截然不同的报纸:严肃报纸和大众报纸。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题However important we may regard school life to be, there is no gainsaying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or

22、 discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and thwart curricular objectives.Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents apprised of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted

23、workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing, and developmental mathematics.Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The many interviews carried on during the year as we

24、ll as new ways of reporting pupils progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate h

25、is natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip, and engaging in scores of other activities that have

26、a mathematical basis.If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics and at the same time, enjoying the work.Too often, however, teachers conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts of childrens

27、misdemeanors, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestions for penalties and rewards at home.What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents minds for the best utilization of the many hours that are child spends o

28、ut of the classroom.In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters capacities.1.The central idea conveyed in the above passage is that （ ）.2.The author directly discusses the fact that （ ）.3.A method of parent-teacher communication Not mentioned o

29、r referred to by the author is （ ）.4.It is most reasonable to infer that the author is a(n) （ ）.5.The author would most approve of which of the following parental activities to assist in the learning of composition and writing skills?问题1选项A.home training is more important than school training becaus

30、e a child spends so many hours with his parents.B.teachers can and should help parents to understand and further the objectives of the school.C.parents unwittingly have hindered and thwarted curricular objectives.D.parents have a responsibility to help students to do their homework.问题2选项A.parents dr

31、ill their children too much in arithmetic.B.there is not sufficient individual instruction in the classroom.C.principals have explained the new art programs to parents.D.a parents misguided efforts can be redirected to proper channels.问题3选项A.demonstration lessonB.informal teasC.classes for parentsD.

32、new progress report forms问题4选项A.professor of educationB.college teacherC.elementary-school teacherD.parent问题5选项A.one hour of supervised writing exercises nightly.B.encouraging the child to write letters to relatives.C.reviewing all the childs written school-work.D.giving the child money for good gra

33、des on written work.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.主旨题。根据文章第一段， “However important we may regard school life to be, there is no gainsaying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teache

34、r. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and thwart curricular objectives.”，可知不管我们认为学校生活有多重要，孩子们呆在家里的时间比呆在教室里的时间多这一事实是不容否认的。因此，父母的巨大影响不能被老师忽视或轻视。们可以成为学校工作人员的盟友，也可以有意无意地阻碍课程目标。可判断出老师和家长之间是合作的关系，并且能够共同对学校的教育安排构成影响，所以教师可以也应该帮助家长理解和推进学校的目标。

35、选项B符合题意。2.推断题。根据文章倒数第二段，“as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents minds for the best utilization of the many hours that are child spends out of the classroom.”，可知教师作为一名专业顾问，在父母的头脑中植入更多的方法，以便最好地利用孩子在课堂之外的时间。上文也通过多个例子说明了老师可以引导家长更好的发挥他们的辅导作用，合力促进学生的全面发展。可推断出父母错误的努力可以在老师的指导下，转向正确的方向。选项D符合题意。3.

36、细节理解题。根据第二段， “Many principals have conducted workshops”，选项C可排除；根据文章第三段，“new ways of reporting pupils progress”，选项D可排除；根据文章第二段， “Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents apprised of the newer methods used in schools.”，选项B可排除。选项A符合题意。4.推断题。文章主要提到了学校可以辅导家长，使家长了解学校的教学方法和教学计划，然后促进学校教学目标

37、的实现。家长也是教育不可忽视的一环，只有学校和家长共同努力才能促进青少年的全面发展。可知文章主要提到的是教育学的内容，可推断出作者最有可能是一位教育学教授。选项A符合题意。5.推断题。根据文章第四段， “He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip, and en

38、gaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis.”，可知如果一名家长想提高孩子的算术能力，他可能会被说服让孩子参与讨论家庭预算、购买食物、在家里使用码尺或量杯、设置时钟、计算旅行里程，以及从事许多其他有数学基础的活动。可判断出作者赞同通过将知识运用到生活中来提高某种能力。所以要想提高孩子的写作技能，鼓励孩子给亲戚写信是作者最赞成的方式。选项B符合题意。6. 单选题The life story of the human species goes back a million years, and there

39、is no doubt that man came only recently to the western hemisphere. None of the thousands of sites of aboriginal habitation uncovered in-Worth and South America has antiquity comparable to that of old World sites. Mans occupation of the New World may date several tens of thousands of years, but no on

40、e rationally argues that he has been here even 100,000 years.Speculation as to how man found his way to America was lively at the outset, and the proposed routes boxed the compass. With one or two notable exceptions, however, students of American anthropology soon settled for the plausible idea that

41、 the first immigrants came by way of a land bridge that had connected the northeast comer of Asia to the northwest comer of North America across the Bering Strait)Mariners were able to supply the reassuring information that the strait is not only narrow it is 56 miles wide - but also shallow, a lowe

42、ring of the sea level there by 100 feet or so would transform the strait into an isthmus (地峡).With little eels in the way of evidence to sustain the Bering Strait land bridge, anthropologists embraced the idea that man walked dry-hoed from Asia to America.Toward the end of thy/last century, however,

43、 it became apparent that the Western Hemisphere was the New World not only for man but also for a host of animals and plants. Zoologists and botanists showed that numerous subjects of their respective kingdoms must have originated in Asia and spread to America. These findings were neither astonishin

44、g nor wholly unexpected. Such spread of populations is not to be envisioned as an exodus or mass migration, even in the case of animals. It is, rather, a spilling into new territory that accompanies increase in numbers, with movement in the direction of least population pressure and most favorable e

45、cological conditions. But the immense traffic in plant and animals forms placed a heavy burden on the Bering Strait land bridge as the anthropologists ahead envisioned it. Whereas purposeful men could make their way across a narrow bridge, the slow diffusion of plant and animals would require an ave

46、nue as a continent and available for ages at a stretch.1.The movement of plants and animals from Asia to America indicates （ ）.2.The author is refuting the notion that （ ）.3.By using the words “boxed the compass” (in Line 7) the author implies that （ ）.4.One reason for the migration not mentioned by

47、 the author is （ ）.5.We may assume that in tile paragraph that follows this passage the author argues about （ ）.问题1选项A.that they could not have traveled across the Bering StraitB.that Asia and the Western hemisphere were connected by a large land massC.that the Bering Sea was an isthmus at one timeD

48、.that migration was in the one direction only问题2选项A.life arose in America independently of life in EuropeB.the first settlers in America came during the sixteenth centuryC.a large continent once existed which has disappearedD.man was a host to animals and plants问题3选项A.the migration of mankind was fr

49、om West to EastB.the migration of mankind was from East to WestC.mankind traveled in all directionsD.mankind walked from Asia to America问题4选项A.overcrowdingB.favorable environmental conditionsC.famineD.the existence of a land bridge问题5选项A.the contributions of anthropologistB.the contributions of zool

50、ogists and botanistsC.the contributions made by the American IndiansD.the existence of a large land mass between Asia and North America【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段， “the first immigrants came by way of a land bridge that had connected the northeast comer of Asia to the northwest

51、comer of North America across the Bering Strait. Mariners were able to supply the reassuring information that the strait is not only narrow it is 56 miles wide - but also shallow, a lowering of the sea level there by 100 feet or so would transform the strait into an isthmus (地峡).”，可知第一批移民者通过一座桥连接亚洲东

52、北角和穿过白令海峡的北美西北角的大陆桥来到美国，水手能够提供可靠的信息，不仅是狭窄的海峡56英里宽,但也浅，那里的海平面下降100英尺左右，就会把海峡变成地峡。可判断出动植物从亚洲到美洲的迁徙表明亚洲和西半球由一大片陆地连接起来。选项B符合题意。2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，可知第一批移民者通过一座桥连接亚洲东北角和穿过白令海峡的北美西北角的大陆桥来到美国，亚洲和西半球由一大片陆地连接起来的，所以作者驳斥了曾经存在过的一个大陆已经消失了的观点。选项C符合题意。3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段， “Speculation as to how man found his way to Americ

53、a was lively at the outset, and the proposed routes boxed the compass.”，可知关于人类是如何找到去美国的路的猜测一开始就很活跃，所提议的路线四通八达。下文提到第一批移民者通过一座桥连接亚洲东北角和穿过白令海峡的北美西北角的大陆桥来到美国，可判断出人类在四面八方旅行。选项C符合题意。4.细节理解题。根据文章第三段， “a spilling into new territory that accompanies increase in numbers, with movement in the direction of leas

54、t population pressure and most favorable ecological conditions.”，可知向人口压力最小、生态条件最有利的方向流动，并伴随着数量的增加而涌入新的领地。可判断出人口密度和环境都是作者提到的迁徙的原因。选项A和B可排除。根据文章第二段，可知第一批移民者通过一座桥连接亚洲东北角和穿过白令海峡的北美西北角的大陆桥来到美国，所以有大陆桥的存在，选项D可排除。饥荒在文中并未提及，选项C符合题意。5.推断题。文章主要提到了第一批移民是通过大陆桥到达美国的，说明了大陆桥的存在，大陆桥最后延伸成为一片大陆，证明亚洲和西半球是由一片大陆连接的。根据文章最

55、后一句， “Whereas purposeful men could make their way across a narrow bridge, the slow diffusion of plant and animals would require an avenue as a continent and available for ages at a stretch.”，可知植物和动物的缓慢扩散和迁徙则需要一条作为大陆的大道，而且可以长时间使用。可判断出作者在下文可能为讨论到在亚洲和北美之间大陆的存在。选项D符合题意。7. 单选题If ambition is to be well re

56、garded, the rewards of ambition health, distinction, control over ones destiny - must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambitions behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admire

57、d, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition - if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is heavy note of

58、 hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the bam door after the horses have escaped - with the educated themselves riding on them.Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs - the locations, place names and name brands may

59、 change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical

60、spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply; the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meal in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are e

61、nrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, “Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.”The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extre

62、mely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and prompti

63、ngs, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle,

64、as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.1. It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if （ ）_.2. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is （ ）.3. Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because （ ）.4. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained