2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前模拟强化练习题80（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Brazils constitution（ ） the military use of nuclear energy.问题1选项A.withdrawsB.forbidsC.interruptsD.objects【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。withdraw“撤销，撤退”；forbid“禁止”；interrupt“打扰”；object“反对”。句意：巴西宪法规定军队禁止使用核能。由宪法可推知forbid更符合题意。故B项正确。2. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following passa

2、ge into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.农历十二月初八是中国的传统节日腊八节，腊代表中国农历的十二月，而八是数字“八”的发音，因此，这个节日被称为腊八节。关于腊八起源的传说有很多，我们已经不能辨其真假。时至今日，我们确定的是这个节日起初是为了祭祀祖先，祈求丰收。从传统上讲，腊八粥是腊八节最重要的元素。粥要熬制数小时，然后作为祭品祭献给祖先。【答案】The Laba Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated on the eighth day of th

3、e twelfth month of the lunar Chinese calendar. La is the name given to the 12th lunar month and 8 is pronounced as ba in Chinese, which translated is Laba. There are several legends about the origin of this festivity and we could not tell which one is true. But what we know today is that this festiv

4、al started as a sacrificial offering to ancestors. It was also a time for the ancient Chinese to pray to heaven and earth that there would be a bountiful harvest. Traditionally, the Laba rice porridge is the most important element of the festival. The porridge must be boiled for many hours and then

5、offered as a sacrifice to the ancestors.3. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.1.Chinese dealers，collectors and art lovers have been out in force at Christies, which is auctioning the art collection of Robert Hatfi

6、eld Ellsworth in five days of sales that begin on Tuesday, with a week of online sales to follow. Ellsworth，a revered connoisseur who died last year, amassed one of the finest private collections of Asian art in the West, and the presale estimates total $35 million. Jin Zhao, who collects Tang and S

7、ong dynasty porcelain in a small way, flew in from Tianjin, China, hoping to pick up one or two pieces. “Its worth it,” he said “This is a very great collection.”The Ellsworth sale puts a giant exclamation point on Asia Week, an annual event that makes New York the prime destination for dealers, mus

8、eum curators, scholars and collectors from around the world, a varied group that included sharp-eyed young collectors in down jackets and jeans, middle-aged dealers hunting their quarry in small packs, tweedy connoisseurs and Chinese women dressed up to Ming vase standards.2. “It is the largest grou

9、p of Asian art on the face of the earth/ said Jav Xu, director of theAsian Art Museum in San Francisco, who is leading a team of about two dozen curators, board members, collectors and donors to New York for an excited round of looking, meeting, greeting,publicizing and acquiring. “It is very rich.”

10、Mr. Xu was referring to the weeks events: the exhibits, often museum quality, at the more than 40 dealers who participate in Asia Week; the shows and lectures at institutions like Asia Society and the Japan Society; the two dozen auctions of Asian art at Sothebys, Christies， Bonhams and Doyle; and b

11、enefit parties like the one at the Metropolitan Museum of Art to celebrate the centenary of its Asian art department.Less than 10 years ago, the market for Asian art in New York looked quite different. 3.The International Asian Art Fair, held for many years at the Park Avenue Armory, went bust at th

12、e end of 2008, a victim of the economic downturn.4.Ms. Mirviss and the Korean art dealer Jiyoung Koo hastily organized an association of 16 dealers, which they called Asian Art Dealers of the Upper East Side, to hold open houses that, collectively, would replace the art fair. At the same time, a hal

13、f-dozen dealers making up the Japanese Art Dealers Association staged their own show, which has become an annual event.From these beginnings, Asia Week quickly developed into its current hybrid form. “We are not an art fair,” said Carol Conover, the director of Kaikodo Asian Art and the chairwoman o

14、f Asia Week. “We are something very different. The intimacy of a gallery is different than being on a floor in a big room.5.Asia Week has prospered in a decade dominated bybad economic news, thanks almost entirely to wealthy Chinese dealers and collectors, whose free spending and deep pockets have l

15、ed to the first Asia Week in Paris, scheduled for June, and a new branch of Art Basel in Hong Kong, which started on Sunday and will run for three days. “The dominant force is the Chinese buyer,” Mr. Lally said. “They buy 75 to 80 percent of the Chinese art at the auction houses.”And they have been

16、showing up in droves. Francesca Galloway, a London dealer in Indian art showing at W. M. Brady Camp Company, on East 80th Street, put it bluntly: “If youre a collector and youre not here, youre not in the game.”【答案】1.从周二开始，佳士得拍卖行将开始拍卖安思远（Robert Hatfield Ellsworth）的藏品，为期五天，其后还将举办一周的在线销售，中国的经销商、收藏家和艺术

17、爱好者们趋之若鹜。2.“这是地球上最大的亚洲艺术精英人群了，”旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆馆长许杰（Jay Xu）说，他率领二十多名策展人、董事会成员、收藏家与捐赠者来到纽约，进行一系列热闹的参观、会面、寒暄、公关和购买活动。3.国际亚洲艺术博览会多年来一直在公园大道军械库举行，最终于2008年底宣告破产，成了经济低迷的牺牲品。4.默维斯和韩国艺术交易商Jiyoung Koo与16位交易商仓促成立了“上东区亚洲艺术交易商协会”，他们联合举办公开活动，试图取代艺术博览会。5.在这个经济不景气的十年，亚洲周却一直保持着繁荣昌盛，这多亏了富裕的中国交易商与收藏家们，他们出手慷慨，身家阔绰，因此今年六月，巴黎

18、也要举办第一届亚洲周了，此外，香港也开办了巴塞尔艺术展的分展，于周日举行，持续三日。4. 单选题In the US 88 percent of smokers had started before they were 18, despite the fact that it is （ ） to sell cigarettes to anyone under that age.问题1选项A.liableB.liberalC.irrationalD.illegal【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。be liable to“易于的，有倾向的”；be illegal to do sth“非法做”。由后半

19、句可知卖烟给18岁以下的人是违法的。故D项正确。句意：在美国88%的人在18岁前就开始吸烟了，尽管卖烟给18岁以下的人是非法的。5. 单选题Now in Britain, wines take up four times as much（ ）in the storehouse as both beer and spirits.问题1选项A.blockB.landC.patchD.space【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。block“块，街区”；land“陆地”；patch“斑点，小块土地”；space“空间”。句意：如今在英国，仓库中的葡萄酒所占的空间比啤酒和烈性酒所占空间的总和还要多三倍。D

20、项符合题意。6. 单选题The most successful post-career athletes are those who can take the identity and life skills they learned in sports and（ ）them to another area of life.问题1选项A.utilizeB.employC.applyD.exert【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。utilize“利用”；employ“使用，采用”；apply“申请，应用”；exert“运用，发挥”。句意：最成功的退役后的运动员是那些将他们从运动中学到的技巧和同一性

21、运用到生活的其他领域的人。C项符合题意。7. 单选题When I make a promise, I always（ ）it.问题1选项A.keepB.holdC.catchD.carry【答案】A【解析】考查固定用法。句意：当我许下承诺时，我一定会信守诺言。keep promise意为“信守承诺”，所以选项A正确。8. 写作题Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic “Uncivilized Behaviors in Public” You should write at l

22、east 160 words and you should base your composition on the outline (in Chinese)below:1.在公共场合有哪些不文明行为2.造成这些不文明行为的原因3.怎样改进这些不文明行为【答案】略9. 单选题Its good to know that quite a few popular English expressions actually（ ） from the Bible.问题1选项A.acquireB.obtainC.deriveD.result【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。derive from“源于，来自”；

23、result from“由造成”；句意：许多受欢迎的短语实际上来自圣经。C项正确。10. 单选题We do not have a （ ）school in our institute. The highest degree we provide for the students is a B. A. and a B. S.问题1选项A.continueB.bayC.assistanceD.graduate【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。continue“继续”；bay“海湾”；assistance“援助，帮助”；graduate school“研究生院”。句意：我们学校没有研究生院，我们为学生

24、提供的最高学位是文学学士和理学学士。D项符合题意。11. 单选题Many people are asking whether traditional research universities in fact have any future（ ）.问题1选项A.at allB.so farC.in allD.on end【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。at all“根本，究竟”；so far“到目前为止”；in all“总共，合计”；on end“竖着，连续着”。句意：许多人在询问，传统的研究型大学实际上到底还有没有前途。A项符合题意。12. 单选题We would just as soon

25、stay at home（ ）go for a walk.问题1选项A.thanB.butC.asD.so【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。would (just) as soon.as意为“宁愿.也不.”。句意“我们宁愿待在家里也不愿出去散步。”所以选项C正确。13. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.You cannot find or will you ever find gold

26、on the surface. It has to be discovered and has to be found deep inside the Earths ground. 1.And it takes years to find the gold and this is why it is so valuable. Not everyone has it.Character is the same. You will not find character on the surface. You can only find character deep inside your soul

27、. 2.And your character is only discovered when there is chaos. Your character is never tested when things are going your way.3.You have to dig deep inside of you to find the character and when you do that you will discover the true gold.You consistently remember on how you treat others. Are you kind

28、 or unkind? Do you have manners? Are you respectful? These are questions we ask each other.4.This is why your character is your gold mine. You must guard your character just like you would guard your gold. Do not let anyone take it or destroy it.5.People will test you in life and events in life will

29、 shake you. However, when this happens please look deep inside and find your character because your character will help you succeed any event.Your character is your gold.【答案】1.这个过程很费时间，所以黄金才那么珍贵，不是每个人都能够拥有。2.只有混乱发生的时候你才会发现它，只有在事情不顺心的时候你的品质才会得到考验3.向自我的深处挖掘，寻找你的品质，这样你就会发现真正的黄金。4.这就是为什么说你的品质是你的金矿。你一定要守

30、护你的品质，就像你会守护自己的黄金一样。5.在生活中，有的人会考验你，有的事情会使你动摇。14. 单选题He has impressed his employers considerably and（ ）he is soon to be promoted.问题1选项A.neverthelessB.accordinglyC.yetD.eventually【答案】B【解析】考查逻辑连词。A选项nevertheless“然而，不过”；B选项accordingly“因此，于是，相应地”；C选项yet“然而”；D选项eventually“最终”。根据句意“他给雇主留下了非常深刻的印象，因此他很快就会得到

31、晋升”。这里是表示递进的关系，所以选项B正确。15. 单选题It is crucial to develop a powerful strategy throughout the job search process that involves three main components: a solid resume format based on your achievements, a dynamic resume cover letter that grabs an employers attention, and a consistent strategy that binds ev

32、erything together.First Impression Resume Services offer personally designed resume and cover letter strategies and interview training by a Certified Professional Resume Writer and Certified Employment Interview Professional. Resume samples are featured in Expert Resumes for Computer and Web Jobs, E

33、xpert Resumes for Teachers and Educators, and the upcoming “Expert Resumes for Manufacturing Industry Professionals” by Wendy S. Endow and Louise M. Kursmark, published by 1ST Works.After completing an in-depth interview, your resume format is developed to focus on your career goals, not only on you

34、r past job experience. Accomplishments, keywords, and strategic placement of critical information form a dynamic and successful blueprint for your job search (Tip: Search for job-related keywords (nouns) in classified ads in the newspaper or online at job boards). By knowing the right questions to a

35、sk, First Impression can help you and uncover pertinent (相关的) information you may have overlooked.We ascribe to a professional Code of Ethics and guarantee prompt, courteous professional, and ethical services. First Impression offers professional resume writing help, job readiness, and personal supp

36、ort to adults who are in need.1.A good resume design must include（ ）.2.It was most probably that First Impression Resume Services was（ ）.3.What does the office offer?4.From the context, we can guess that the word “tip (in paragraph 3) probably means（ ） .5.The office guarantees that（ ） .问题1选项A.achiev

37、ements, cover letter and a consistent strategyB.a solid resume format, grabs an employers attention; binds everything togetherC.format design, cover design and consistence considerationD.none of the above问题2选项A.an office that interviews people who are looking for a jobB.an office that gives advice t

38、o job-hunting people on how to succeed in getting employedC.an office that interviews people who are looking for a jobD.an office that gives advice to young people who want to start a profession问题3选项A.A variety of resume samples.B.Interview training.C.Personally designed resumes and cover letter str

39、ategies.D.All of the above问题4选项A.extremityB.pointC.premiumD.advice问题5选项A.they will give their services on the basis of the Code of EthicsB.they will give perfect servicesC.they will offer professional help to all kinds of peopleD.all of the above【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容“

40、在整个求职过程中制定一个强有力的策略是至关重要的，该策略包括三个主要部分：以你的成就为基础的一致的简历格式，吸引雇主注意的动态简历求职信，以及将所有内容结合在一起的连贯策略。”由此可知，选项B符合原文。2.判断推理题。根据第二段第一句“First Impression Resume Services offer personally designed resume and cover letter strategies and interview training by a Certified Professional Resume Writer and Certified Employmen

41、t Interview Professional. 第一印象简历服务中心提供个人设计的简历和求职信策略以及经过认证的专业简历写手和就业面试专家的面试培训。”由此可知，第一印象简历服务中心是一家为找工作的人提供如何成功找到工作的建议的办公室，所以选项B正确。3.细节事实题。本题答案定位也是在第二段第一句，根据上一题可知，A、B、C三个选项都是第一印象简历服务中心所提供的服务。所以选项D正确。4.语义推断题。根据第三段第二句“Accomplishments, keywords, and strategic placement of critical information form a dynam

42、ic and successful blueprint for your job search (Tip: Search for job-related keywords (nouns) in classified ads in the newspaper or online at job boards). 成就、关键字和关键信息的战略性布局构成了一个动态的、成功的求职蓝图（Tip:在报纸分类广告或在线求职网站上搜索与工作相关的关键词(名词) ）。”由此可知，Tip指的是建议，忠告，选项D与之意思最为相符，所以正确。5.细节事实题。根据原文最后一段的内容“我们遵循职业道德准则，保证及时、礼貌、

43、专业和道德的服务。第一印象为有需要的成年人提供专业的简历撰写、工作准备和个人支持。”由此可知，选项A符合原文。B选项中的“perfect service”在原文中没有承诺；C选项中“all kinds of people”表述太绝对，所以也不正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:16. 单选题The wings of the bird still（ ） after it had been shot down.问题1选项A.slappedB.scratchedC.flappedD.fluctuated【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。slap“掌击，拍掌”；scratch“刮，抓”；flap“拍打

44、”；fluctuate“波动”。句意：这只鸟在被击倒之后，它的翅膀仍然在拍打。A项符合题意。17. 单选题I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I（ ） a rest.问题1选项A.deserveB.preserveC.conceiveD.receive【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。deserve“应受，应得，值得”；preserve“保存，保护”；conceive“怀孕，构思”；receive“接受”。句意：我花了四周时间写论文，现在我觉得我值得休息一下了。A项符合题意。18. 单选题The chairm

45、an was blamed for letting his secretary（ ）too much work last week.问题1选项A.take toB.take outC.take awayD.take on【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。take to“走向，开始从事”；take out“取出，去掉”；take away“带走，拿走”；take on“承担，呈现”。句意：上周，主席因让他的秘书承担很多工作而受到责备。D项符合题意。19. 单选题The girl was（ ） Julia after her grandmother.问题1选项A.appointedB.namedC.

46、nominatedD.elected【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。be named after 以的名字命名，和的名字一样。句意：这个女孩以她祖母的名字命名为茱莉亚。选项B正确。20. 单选题There is already （ ） clear to show that plants and animals are being affected by climate change.问题1选项A.witnessB.certificationC.identifyD.evidence【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。witness“证人，目击者”；certification“证明，鉴定”；identify“鉴定，识别”；evidence“证据”。句意：有证据清晰地表明植物和动物受到气候变化的影响。D项符合题意。