2022年考博英语-宁波大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷2

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1、2022年考博英语-宁波大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The central themes around which we have woven our narrative are those of modernization and revolution. These processes of change can be seen in the crucial nineteenth century(1) the great amount of space devoted to that (2) in this textand partly were the produc

2、t of outside influences. (3) from the outset there was an ongoing struggle between external forces and internal difficulties and differences, that (4) the outcome of Chinas efforts to modernize. As such, these posed challenges that were far greater than those (5) by other states that came late to mo

3、dernization, especially Russia and Japan, countries (6) which Chinas attempts at modernization are frequently compared. The (7) in which the Chinese employed their past to (8) these challenges had a seminal influence on the (9) in which the Chinese structured their revolution and, we believe, contin

4、ues to (10) heavily on the course of events in China today.Modernization is a difficult concept to define. This is partly (11) the complexity of changes associated with it as well as the wide variety of ways in which nations have (12) the experience. We define modernization here as the process by wh

5、ich societies move from a rural, agrarian base to (13) industrial structures of living via the (14) of science, technology, and rational modes of thought. Elements commonly (15) with such restructuring of the social order (16) sustained economic growth, specialization of labor, increased public educ

6、ation, broader distribution of income, expanded life expectancy, an increased reliance (17) bureaucracy, and mass political participation. Once set in (18), modernization affects all parts of a countrys social structure as well as the (19) of its citizens. When such changes take place rapidly, they

7、naturally have a revolutionary (20) on the society undergoing the experience.问题1选项A.thoughB.indeedC.stillD.hence问题2选项A.periodB.sessionC.routeD.line问题3选项A.WhenB.YetC.WhileD.Since问题4选项A.destroyedB.controlledC.shapedD.helped问题5选项A.confrontedB.producedC.welcomedD.invited问题6选项A.alongB.againstC.toD.with问题

8、7选项A.designB.mannerC.timeD.age问题8选项A.restateB.confineC.inventD.overcome问题9选项A.waysB.customsC.ordersD.parts问题10选项A.carryB.dependC.weighD.put问题11选项A.with regard toB.in terms ofC.due toD.thanks to问题12选项A.looked forward toB.led toC.put up withD.gone through问题13选项A.economicB.culturalC.socialD.urban问题14选项

9、A.relationB.applicationC.contrastD.regard问题15选项A.dealtB.associatedC.groupedD.locked问题16选项A.includeB.suggestC.highlightD.resemble问题17选项A.toB.onC.withD.for问题18选项A.motionB.sightC.termsD.time问题19选项A.paceB.obligationC.consciousnessD.road问题20选项A.senseB.forceC.impactD.power【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A第6题:

10、D第7题:B第8题:D第9题:A第10题:A第11题:C第12题:D第13题:D第14题:B第15题:B第16题:A第17题:B第18题:A第19题:A第20题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】A. though 尽管 B. indeed 确实C. still 仍然 D. hence 因此【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】上一句提到“这些变化过程可以在至关重要的19世纪看到（can be seen in the crucial nineteenth century）”，其中用到了crucial这个词，说明这一个时期特别重要；空格后面说到“本文在这个方面用了大量的篇幅”，其中用到了great amoun

11、t of（大量的）一词；综合理解，我们可以知道，空格前后为因果的逻辑关系，因为19世纪是至关重要的，所以用大量篇幅来描写。因此，该题选择D项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合句间逻辑。【句意】因此本文用了大量篇幅2.【选项释义】A. period 时期 B. session 会议，学期C. route 路线 D. line 线条【考查点】关键词同义转换。【解题思路】上一句提到“这些变化过程可以在至关重要的19世纪看到（can be seen in the crucial nineteenth century）”，其中nineteenth century（19世纪）相当于是一段时间，所以p

12、eriod是对nineteenth century（19世纪）的同义转换。因此，该题选择A项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合上下文语义。【句意】因此本文用了大量篇幅描述那个时期。3.【选项释义】A. When 当的时候 B. Yet 还，然而C. While 然而，当的时候 D. Since 因为【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】这一句是说“从一开始，外部力量和内部困难分歧就在不断斗争”，上一句提到的是“这些变化过程可以在至关重要的19世纪看到，并且部分是外部影响的产物”，可知前后是转折的关系，C项符合句间逻辑。因此，该题选择C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、D选项不符合句间逻辑；B选项多用于

13、否定句中。【句意】而从一开始，外部力量和内部困难分歧就在不断斗争。4.【选项释义】A. destroyed 毁灭，破坏 B. controlled 控制C. shaped 塑造，形成 D. helped 帮助【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】主语从句that指代的是前面的那件事，即“外部力量和内部困难分歧在不断斗争”，宾语是“中国现代化建设的成果（outcome）”，根据上文“外部力量和内部困难分歧就在不断斗争”可推测出struggle（斗争）对outcome（成果）应该是破坏性的。因此，A项符合语义。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合句子语义。【句意】而从一开始，外部力量和内部困难分歧就在不断斗争

14、，使中国现代化建设的成果毁于一旦。5.【选项释义】A. confronted 面对，面临 B. produced 产生C. welcomed 欢迎 D. invited 邀请【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】空格前面的those指的是those challenges（这些挑战），空格后面的by other states（其他国家）是空格处动词的发出者，而states和challenges之间通常是“国家面临挑战”的关系，所以A项符合语义。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合句子语义。【句意】因此，这些斗争所带来的挑战远远大于其他现代化进程较晚的国家所面临的挑战。6.【选项释义】A. along 沿着

15、B. against 反对C. to 对 D. with 和【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】空格后的which引导的是定语从句修饰前面的countries，which指代countries在定语从句中充当宾语，所以完整的定语从句应该是Chinas attempts at modernization are frequently compared _ which（即countries）（中国的现代化尝试经常被拿来与国家进行比较）；从中我们可知，空格处要填入一个介词和compare搭配，且本句强调国与国之间现代化的比较，相同事物用compare with“与相比较”，指研究评判人与人之间，事物与事物之

16、间相同或相异的程度，符合语法结构和语境。在正式文体中，定语从句内的谓语词组的介词（像本题这样的情况），在正式文体中通常会前置在关系代词之前，更为正式。因此，该题选择D项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项不与compare搭配；B选项compare against表示“对进行比较”，不符合句子语义；C选项compare to表示“把比作”，异类相比，举例：We often compare a teacher to a candle.（我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。），而本句是国家之间现代化进行相比，不符合句子语义。【句意】特别是俄罗斯和日本，这两个国家经常与中国的现代化尝试进行比较。7.【选项释义】A. de

17、sign 设计 B. manner 方法C. time 时间 D. age 年龄【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】空格后的in which为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，修饰并指代空格处的名词，由介词in可知，空格处要填入一个和in搭配的词语，表方式。因此，只有B项符合语义。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合句子语义逻辑。【句意】中国人利用他们的过去的方式。8.【选项释义】A. restate 重申，重新叙述 B. confine 限制C. invent 发明 D. overcome 克服【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】空格位于to不定式后面，要填入一个动词，而空格后面是these challenge

18、s（这些挑战），所以空格处与these challenges（这些挑战）搭配的动词只有overcome符合。因此，该题选择D项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合句子语义。【句意】中国人利用他们的过去来克服这些挑战的方式。9.【选项释义】A. ways 方式，方法 B. customs 习俗C. orders 命令 D. parts 部分【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】空格后的in which为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，修饰并指代空格处的名词，此部分与前面的The manner in which（的方式）相对应，所以该空格处也要填入表示方式的词语，只有A项符合。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项

19、不符合句子语义。【句意】中国人利用他们的过去来克服这些挑战的方式，对中国人组织革命的方式产生了重大影响。10.【选项释义】A. carry 实施 B. depend 依靠C. weigh 称重 D. put 拿，放【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】由句子结构可知，空格处缺少一个动词和后面的on搭配，动词continue to（继续）的主语是the manner（方法），综合理解可知，carry on固定用法，表示“继续进行”。因此，该题选择A项正确。【干扰项排除】B选项depend on（取决于）、C选项weigh on（重压于）、D选项put on（增加，穿上）都不适合和主语the manner（

20、方法）搭配。【句意】我们相信，这种方式将继续在今天的中国事件进程中发挥重大作用。11.【选项释义】A. with regard to 关于 B. in terms of 按照，依照C. due to 由于 D. thanks to 幸亏，由于【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】上一句说“现代化是一个难以定义的概念”，这一句提到“与之相关的变化的复杂性”，且根据partly（部分地）可推测，这两个句子之间为因果关系，due to指客观表述因为某种原因而造成的结果，所以C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B选项不符合句间逻辑；D选项多指表达某种原因而产生了好的结果，带有个人感情色彩在内，不符合句子语境。【句意

21、】这在一定程度上是由于与之相关的变化的复杂性。12.【选项释义】A. looked forward to 盼望，期待 B. led to 导致，通向C. put up with 忍受，容忍 D. gone through 经历，查阅【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】空格处为in which引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，根据空格后面的宾语experience可知，空格处要填入表示“经历”相关的词语才符合句子语义。因此，该题选择D项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合句子语义。【句意】这在一定程度上是由于与之相关的变化的复杂性以及各国经历这一经验的方式的广泛多样性。13.【选项释义】A. econom

22、ic 经济的，经济上的 B. cultural 文化的C. social 社会的 D. urban 城市的【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】由to前面的a rural, agrarian base（农村农业基础）和空格后面的industrial structures of living（工业生活结构）可知，前后为对比关系，跟“农村”相对的是“城市”，所以D项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合该对比关系。【句意】社会从农村、农业基础向城市工业生活结构转变的过程。14.【选项释义】A. relation 关系 B. application 应用C. contrast 对照 D. regard

23、注意，尊重【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】介词via表示方式，空格处要填入一个名词，由science, technology, and rational modes of thought（科学、技术和理性思维模式）来修饰；根据常识可推测，空格处表示“科学、技术和理性思维模式的应用”，所以B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合句子语义。【句意】在这里，我们把现代化定义为社会通过科学、技术和理性思维模式的应用，从农村、农业基础向城市工业生活结构转变的过程。15.【选项释义】A. dealt 处理 B. associated 联系C. grouped 把聚集 D. locked 锁上【考查点】搭配

24、。【解题思路】空格后面有一个介词with，可知空格处要填入与with搭配的动词，而associate with为固定用法，表示“与联系在一起”，符合句子语义。因此，该题选择B项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项deal with表示“处理，应付”，不符合句子语义；C、D选项不能和with搭配。【句意】通常与这种社会秩序的重组相关的因素。16.【选项释义】A. include 包括 B. suggest 建议C. highlight 强调 D. resemble 类似【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】空格处要填入一个谓语动词，而主语elements（因素）和空格后面的宾语之间是包含的关系，所以该题A项符合

25、语义。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合句子语义逻辑。【句意】与这种社会秩序重组相关的因素通常包括持续的经济增长、劳动的专业化、公共教育的增加、收入分配的扩大、预期寿命的延长、对官僚机构的依赖的增加以及大众的政治参与。17.【选项释义】A. to 对，给 B. on 在上C. with 和 D. for 因为，对于【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】空格处要填入一个介词和前面的reliance搭配，reliance on为固定搭配，表示“依靠，依赖”。因此，该题选择B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不与reliance搭配。【句意】对官僚机构的依赖的增加。18.【选项释义】A. motion 行动

26、 B. sight 视线C. terms 条款 D. time 时间【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】set的逻辑主语是modernization，空格后面谈到的是现代化对国家和公民的影响，结合“一旦（once）”，可知，空格部分表示的是“一旦实施现代化”；且in motion为固定用法，表示“活动中，运动中”。因此，该题选择A项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合句子语义逻辑。【句意】现代化一旦启动。19.【选项释义】A. pace 步伐 B. obligation 义务C. consciousness 意识 D. road 道路【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】这一句说的是“现代化一旦启

27、动会影响一个国家社会结构的各个方面以及公民的_”，在该段第二句有提到“现代化的定义就是从农村、农业基础向城市工业生活结构转变的过程”，联系上文我们可以推测，现代化不仅影响社会结构，也影响着公民的生活节奏。因此，该题选择A项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合上下文语义。【句意】现代化一旦开始，就会影响到一个国家社会结构的各个方面以及公民的生活节奏。20.【选项释义】A. sense 感觉 B. force 力量C. impact 影响 D. power 能力，权势【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】空格处需要填入一个名词，和后面的介词on搭配；而主语they指的是such challenges（这

28、些变化），变化对社会的作用是“影响”，且impact on表示“对的影响”。因此，该题选择C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合句子语义逻辑和搭配。【句意】当这些变化迅速发生时，它们自然会对正在经历这种变化的社会产生革命性的影响。2. 单选题Bank of America, holding company for the San Francisco-based Bank of America, was once unchallenged as the nations biggest banking organization. At its peak, it had more branch

29、es in California, 1,100, than the U.S. Postal Service. It was also a highly profitable enterprise. But since 1980, Bank of Americas earnings have been down or flat. From March 1985 to March 1986, for example, earnings per share dropped 50.8 percent. Samuel H. Armacost, president and CEO, has confess

30、ed that he doesnt expect a turnaround soon.Some of Bank of Americas old magic seems to have rubbed off on New Yorks Citibank, perennial rival for top banking honors. Thanks to aggressive growth policies, Citicorps assets topped Bank of Americas for the first time in 1983 and by a healthy margin. Cit

31、ibank has also been generating profits at a fast clip, enabling it to spend lavishly on campaigns to enter new markets notably Bank of Americas turf in California.The bad times Bank of America is currently facing are partly the result of the good times the bank enjoyed earlier. Based in a large and

32、populous state and operating in a regulated environment, Bank of America thrived. Before deregulation, banks could not compete by offering savers a higher return, so they competed with convenience. With a branch at every crossroads, Bank of America was able to attract 40 percent of the California de

33、posit market a source of high earnings when the legal maximum payable to depositors was much lower than the interest on loans.The progressive deregulation of banking forced Bank of America to fight for its customers by offering them competitive rates. But how could this mammoth bureaucracy, with its

34、 expensive overhead, offer rates as attractive as its loaner competitors? Pruning the establishment was foremost in the minds of Bank of America policymakers. But cutbacks have proceeded slowly. Although the bank is planning to consolidate by offering full services only in key branches, so far only

35、about 40 branches have been closed. Cutbacks through attrition have reduced the work force from 83,000 to fewer than 73,000; wholesale layoffs, it seems, would not fit the tradition of the organization. And they would intensify the morale problems that already threaten the institution.26. According

36、to the passage, New Yorks Citibank _.27. Which of the following is NOT the reason for which Bank of America thrived?28. The phrase “mammoth bureaucracy” (Line 2, Paragraph 4) refers to _.29. Now the most important factor for a bank to win in competition seems to be _.30. Which of the following concl

37、usions cant be drawn from the passage?问题1选项A.is a dark horse in the field of bankingB.has been growing in a moderate wayC.has been making efforts to conquer the markets of Bank of AmericaD.has more branches than Bank of America now问题2选项A.Its turf California was a state with a large number of populat

38、ion.B.The economic environment that was controlled by the government.C.Its deposit rate was higher than that of other banks.D.Its large amount of branches.问题3选项A.its expensive overheadB.its large amount of branchesC.its long historyD.corruption of its leaders问题4选项A.higher deposit rateB.flexibility o

39、f capitalC.high banking honorsD.support of the government问题5选项A.The U.S. Postal Service had less than 1,100 branches in California a few decades before.B.The profit of the Bank of America has been reducing since the 1980s.C.The prospect of the Bank of America is not quite promising.D.Moral problem i

40、s also a factor that leads to the decline of the Bank of America.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】26.【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“根据文章，纽约花旗银行”。根据题干定位到文章第二段，由第一句Some of Bank of Americas old magic seems to have rubbed off on New Yorks Citibank, perennial rival for top banking honors.（美国银行的一些古老的魔力似乎也影响到了纽约

41、花旗银行，后者是银行业最高荣誉的常年竞争对手），从句中的perennial（常年的）一词可推断，A项“是银行领域的一匹黑马”属于曲解原文。根据最后一句Citibank has also been generating profits at a fast clip, enabling it to spend lavishly on campaigns to enter new markets notably Bank of Americas turf in California.（花旗银行的利润也在快速增长，这使得它能够在进入新市场的宣传活动上花费巨资，尤其是美国银行在加利福尼亚的地盘）可知，花

42、旗银行的利润是快速增长的，所以它能在新市场进入的宣传中花费巨资，尤其是美国银行所在的市场，由此可以推断，花旗银行一直在努力进军美国银行的市场所在地，C项“一直在努力征服美国银行的市场”正确；B项“一直以温和的方式增长”属于反向干扰。D项“现在比美国银行有更多的分行”没有提到，属于无中生有。因此，该题选择C项正确。27.【试题答案】C【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“以下哪项不是美国银行蓬勃发展的原因？”。定位文章第三段，第二句提到Based in a large and populous state and operating in a regulated environment, Bank

43、 of America thrived.（美国银行总部位于一个人口众多的大州，在一个受监管的环境中运营，因而兴旺发达），可知，因为加州人口众多，以及在监管环境中运营，所以美国银行能蓬勃发展，A项“加州是一个人口众多的州”和B项“政府控制的经济环境”正确。最后一句提到With a branch at every crossroads, Bank of America was able to attract 40 percent of the California deposit market a source of high earnings when the legal maximum pay

44、able to depositors was much lower than the interest on loans.（美国银行在每个十字路口都有分支机构，因此能够吸引加州40%的存款市场，这是一个高收入来源，因为法定最高支付给储户的利息远远低于贷款利息）可知，D项“大量的分行”符合原文。而根据Before deregulation, banks could not compete by offering savers a higher return（在放松管制之前，银行无法通过向储户提供更高的回报来竞争）可知，C项“它的存款利率高于其他银行”是不可能的，属于反向干扰。因此，该题选择C项正

45、确。28.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“第4段的mammoth bureaucracy指的是”。定位到第四段第二句But how could this mammoth bureaucracy, with its expensive overhead, offer rates as attractive as its loaner competitors?（但是，这个庞大的官僚机构，有着昂贵的管理费用，怎么能提供与其贷款竞争对手一样有吸引力的利率呢？），结合前面一句The progressive deregulation of banking forced Bank of A

46、merica to fight for its customers by offering them competitive rates.（逐步放松银行业管制迫使美国银行通过提供有竞争力的利率来争取客户），以及后面一句Pruning the establishment was foremost in the minds of Bank of America policymakers.（在美国银行的政策制定者的心目中，精简现有机构是最重要的）可知，即使银行业管制逐步放松，美国银行也没办法提供与其贷款竞争对手一样的利率，因为管理费用太昂贵了，而美国银行的政策制定者认为，精简现有的机构才是最首要的，

47、所以可推断，美国银行管理费用太高是因为分行太多，所以要精简分行的数量，故mammoth bureaucracy 指的就是美国银行大量的分行，B项“它大量的分行”正确。A项“其昂贵的开销”这是出处错位。C项“其悠久的历史”和D项“其领导人的腐败”在该段没提到，属于无中生有。因此，该题选择B项正确。29.【试题答案】A【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“现在，银行要想在竞争中胜出，最重要的因素似乎是”。从第三段第三句Before deregulation, banks could not compete by offering savers a higher return, so they com

48、peted with convenience.（在放松监管之前，许多银行无法通过向储户提供更高的回报来与之竞争，因此美国银行以便利竞争），以及最后一段第一句The progressive deregulation of banking forced Bank of America to fight for its customers by offering them competitive rates.（逐步放松银行业管制迫使美国银行通过提供有竞争力的利率来争取客户），可知，利率在当前竞争中是最重要的，最有竞争力的，所以A项“更高的存款利率”正确。B项“资本的灵活性”、C项“较高的银行荣誉”和

49、D项“政府的支持”可能是因素之一，但是作者并没有提到，所以属于无中生有。因此，该题选择A项正确。30.【试题答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“以下哪个结论不能从文章中得出？”。定位第一段第二句At its peak, it had more branches in California, 1,100, than the U.S. Postal Service.（在鼎盛时期，它在加州有1100家分支机构，超过了美国邮政服务）可知，美国银行在加州有1100家分支机构，这超过了美国邮政服务，所以邮政服务的分支机构不到1100家，A项“几十年前，美国邮政服务在加州只有不到1100家分支机构”

50、能够从文章推出。根据第一段第四句But since 1980, Bank of Americas earnings have been down or flat.（但自1980年以来，美国银行的收益一直在下降或持平）可知，美国银行的利润自20世纪80年代以来一直下降或者持平，B项“美国银行的利润自20世纪80年代以来一直在减少”符合原文。由第一段最后一句Samuel H. Armacost, president and CEO, has confessed that he doesnt expect a turnaround soon.（公司总裁兼首席执行官塞缪尔阿玛科斯特坦称，他预计公司不会

51、很快好转）可知，美国银行前景还不是很可观，C项“美国银行的前景不太乐观”正确。只有D项“道德问题也是导致美国银行衰落的一个因素”中的moral problem在文中并没有提到，所以无从得知。因此，该题选择D项正确。3. 单选题A remarkable variety of insects live in this planet. More species of insects exist than all other animal species together. Insects have survived on earth for more than 300 million years,

52、and may possess the ability to survive for millions more.Insects can be found almost everywhere on the highest mountains and on the bottom of rushing streams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground, jump and sing in the trees, and run and dance in the air. Th

53、ey come in many different colors and various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating our crops as well as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and other areas. But licks and some insects, such as mosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.There are many reasons why insects are so

54、 successful at surviving. Their amazing ability to adapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The one place they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects can survive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods paint, pepper,

55、glue, books, grain, cotton, other insects, plants and animals. Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, water and physical impact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangerous situa

56、tions or toward food or males. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: An African ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be right before our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly dis

57、guised like a green leaf, lump of brown soil, gray lichen, a seed or some other natural object. Some insects use bright, bold colors to send warning signals that they taste bad, sting or are poison. Others have wing patterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry

58、enemies are fooled into avoiding them.26. Insects can be found in large amounts in the following places EXCEPT _.27. Insects protect themselves from chemicals by _.28. Some insects disguise like natural objects so as to _.29. The passage mentions that insects _.30. The passage is mainly about _.问题1选

59、项A.on the mountains with little airB.in the cold polar areasC.in the hot desert areasD.in the open oceans问题2选项A.hiding in tiny spacesB.having a strong shellC.flying away when necessaryD.changing colors or shapes问题3选项A.frighten away their enemiesB.avoid being discoveredC.send warming signalsD.look bi

60、tter-tasting问题4选项A.can be found in any extreme environmentsB.have survived longer than any other creaturesC.can be fed on any natural or man- made foodsD.are important for the growth of crops and flowers问题5选项A.how insects survive in different placesB.why insects can survive so successfullyC.what ins

61、ects can do to the environmentD.where insects can be found in quantity【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B【解析】26.【试题答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“除外，在以下地方可以看到大量昆虫”。文章第二段及第三段都提及昆虫大量生长的地方，其中第三段第三句提到The one place they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans.（迄今为止，有一个地方还没有在很大程度上发现它们，那就是在广阔的海洋

62、中），所以D项“在广阔的海洋中”正确。A项“在空气稀薄的山上”、B项“在寒冷的极地地区”和C项“在炎热的沙漠地区”在第二段都提到了，属于反向干扰。因此，该题选择D项。27.【试题答案】B【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“昆虫通过保护自己免受化学物质的侵害”。定位第四段第一句A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, water and physical impact.（一个坚固、坚硬但有弹性的外壳覆盖着它们的软器官，可以抵抗化学物质、水和物理冲击），protectfrom是对resistant to的同义替换，所以B项“拥有一个坚固的外壳”正确。A项“躲在狭小的空间里”是昆虫可以在各种各样的天然和