2022年考博英语-国防科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷83

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1、2022年考博英语-国防科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The Experimental Psychology Society tries to improve scientific communications among experimental psychologists and those working in _ fields.问题1选项A.cognateB.congenialC.congenitalD.cognitive【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项cognate“同源的，同类的”，B项congenial“意气相投的，性格相似的”，C项congeni

2、tal“先天的，天生的”，D项cognitive“认知的，认识的”。空格处修饰的词语是field（领域），由此可知，B、C项是修饰人的，故排除；根据improve scientific communications among experimental psychologists and those working in _ fields（改善实验心理学家和在领域工作的人之间的科学交流）可知，A项更符合。句意：实验心理学协会试图改善实验心理学家和在相同领域工作的人之间的科学交流。因此，该题选择A项。2. 单选题Many are uninhabitable, by virtue of their

3、 small size and particular characteristics, but even the most favored are very isolated fragments of land, strictly circumscribed by the ocean, strictly limited in terms of the numbers of people they can support.问题1选项A.locatedB.floodedC.restrictedD.pushed【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项locate“位，查找的地点”，B项flood“淹没，

4、泛滥，充满”，C项restrict“限制，约束，限定”，D项push“推动，增加”。句意：由于面积小和特殊的特点，许多岛屿无法居住，但即使是最受欢迎的岛屿也是非常孤立的陆地碎片，受到海洋的严格限制，能够养活的人口数量也受到严格限制。circumscribe在句中表示“限制”。因此，该题选择C项。3. 单选题Scientists generally agree that the Earths climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years _ it has warmed in the 20,000 years since the Ice Ag

5、e.问题1选项A.as long asB.as much asC.as well asD.as higher as【答案】B【解析】考查比较级用法。A项as long as表示“只要，和一样长”，B项as much as表示“差不多，和一样多”，C项as well as表示“也，和一样”，D项as higher as表示“和一样高”。根据句子前后意思可知，空格处缺少一个表示比较的词语，被比较的对象是Earths climate will warm up（地球气候将上升），所以B选项最符合。句意：科学家们普遍认为，在未来的50年到100年里，地球的气候将会变暖，与冰河时代以来的2万年里变暖的程度

6、一样。因此，该题选择B项正确。4. 单选题He cant maintain enough equilibrium to ride a bike.问题1选项A.courageB.composureC.silenceD.balance【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A项courage“勇气，胆量”，B项composure“镇静，沉着”，C项silence“沉默，寂静”，D项balance“平衡，余额”。句意：他骑自行车不能保持足够的平衡。根据句意可知，equilibrium在句中表示“平衡”。因此，该题选择D项。5. 单选题We all know that many more people tod

7、ay are right-handed than left-handed. Can one trace this same pattern far back in prehistory? Much of the evidence about right-hand versus left-hand dominance comes from stencils and prints found in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves in France, Spain, and Tasmania. W

8、hen a left hand has been stenciled, this implies that the artist was right-handed, and vice versa. Even though the paint was often sprayed on by month, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downwarda left h

9、and stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand. Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant.Cave art furnishes other types of evidence of this phenomenon. Most engr

10、avings, for example, are best lit from the left, as befits the work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer to have the light source on the left so that the shadow of their hand does not fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush. In the few cases where an Ice Age figure is depicted holdin

11、g something, it is mostly, though not always, in the right hand.Clues to right-handedness can also be found by other methods. Right-handers tend to have longer, stronger, and more muscular bones on the right side, and Marcellin Boule as long ago as 1911 noted the La Chapelle-aux-Saints Neanderthal s

12、keleton had a right upper arm bone that was noticeably stronger than the left. Similar observations have been made on other Neanderthal skeletons such as La Ferrassie I and Neanderthal itself.Fractures and other cut marks are another source of evidence. Right-handed soldiers tend to be wounded on th

13、e left. The skeleton of a 40- or 50-year-old Nabatean warrior, buried 2,000 years ago in the Negev Desert, Israel, had multiple healed fractures to the skull, the left arm, and the ribs.Tools themselves can be revealing. Long-handed Neolithic spoons of yew wood preserved in Alpine villages dating to

14、 3000 B.C. have survived; the signs of rubbing on their left side indicate that their users were right-handed. The late Ice Age rope found in the French cave of Lascaux consists of fibers spiraling to the right, and was therefore tressed by a right-hander.Occasionally one can determine whether stone

15、 tools were used in the right hand or the left, and it is even possible to assess how far back this feature can be traced. In stone toolmaking experiments, Nick Toth, a right-hander, held the core (the stone that would become the tool) in his left hand and the hammer stone in his right. As the tool

16、was made, the core was rotated clockwise, and the flakes, removed in sequence, had a little crescent of cortex (the cores outer surface) on the side. Toths knapping produced 56 percent flakes with the cortex on the right, and 44 percent left-oriented flakes. A left-handed toolmaker would produce the

17、 opposite pattern Toth has applied these criteria to the similarly made pebble tools from a number of early sites (before 1.5 million years) at Koobi Fora, Kenya, probably made by Homo habilis. At seven sites he found that 57 percent of the flakes were right-oriented, and 43 percent left, a pattern

18、almost identical to that produced today.About 90 percent of modern humans are right-handed: we are the only mammal with a preferential use of one hand. The part of the brain responsible for fine control and movement is located in the left cerebral hemisphere，and the findings above suggest that the h

19、uman brain was already asymmetrical in its structure and function not long after 2 million years ago. Among Neanderthalers of 70, 000-35, 000 years ago, Marcellin Boule noted that the La Chapelle-aux-Saints individual had a left hemisphere slightly bigger than the right，and the same was found for br

20、ains of specimens from Neanderthal, Gibraltar, and La Quina.54. All of the following are mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 2 as evidence of right-handedness in art and artists EXCEPT _.55. The La Chapelle-aux-Saints Neanderthal skeleton can be identified as right-handed because _.56. Which of the follow

21、ing statements about fractures and cut marks can be inferred from the passage?57. Why does the author mention the Ice Age rope found in the French cave of Lascaux?问题1选项A.the ideal source of lighting for most engravingsB.the fact that a left hand stenciled palm upward might look like a right handC.th

22、e prevalence of outlines of left handsD.figures in prehistoric art holding objects with the right hand问题2选项A.other Neanderthal skeletons found nearby are also right-handedB.the right arm bone is stronger than the leftC.it is similar to skeletons of La Ferrassie I and NeanderthalD.the right side of t

23、he skeleton shows less evidence of fractures问题3选项A.Fractures and cut marks caused by right-handed soldiers tend to occur on the right side of the injured partys body.B.The right arm sustains more injuries because, as the dominant arm, it is used more actively.C.In most people, the left side of the b

24、ody is more vulnerable to injury since it is not defended effectively by the dominant arm.D.Fractures and cut marks on fossil humans probably occurred after death.问题4选项A.As an example of an item on which the marks of wear imply that it was used by a right-handed person.B.Because tressing is an activ

25、ity that is easier for a right-handed person than for a left-handed person.C.Because the cave of Lascaux is the site where researchers have found several prehistoric tools made for right-handed people.D.As an example of an item whose construction shows that it was made by a right-handed person.【答案】第

26、1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D【解析】54.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“除外，以下所有内容都在第1和第2段中提到，作为艺术和艺术家中惯用右手的证据”。根据第二段第二句Most engravings, for example, are best lit from the left, as befits the work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer to have the light source on the left so that the shadow of their hand does not

27、fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush.（例如，大多数雕刻作品的光线最好从左边照射，因为这很适合右手艺术家的作品，他们通常喜欢让光线照在左边，这样他们的手的影子就不会落在雕刻工具或刷子的顶端。）可知，A项“是大多数雕刻品的理想的照明光源”。根据第一段最后两句One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downwarda left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were

28、a right hand. Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant.（我们不得不做出一种假设：双手是手掌朝下被印刷出来的，而手掌朝上印刷出来的左手当然看起来像一只右手。在法国加尔加斯洞穴的158张模板中，有136张被确定为左手，只有22张是右手，因此，惯用右手的人占主导地位。）可知，C项“左手轮廓的盛行”是正确的，B项“事实上，用模

29、板绘制的左手掌心向上可能看起来像右手”中的fact（事实）与原文不符，原文提到的是assumption（假设），而不是“事实”。由第二段最后一句In the few cases where an Ice Age figure is depicted holding something, it is mostly, though not always, in the right hand.（在少数几个冰河时期的人物被描绘成拿着东西的例子中，虽然不全是但大多数都是用右手拿着东西。）可知，D项“史前艺术中的人物用右手拿着东西”也符合。因此，该题选择B项正确。55.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题

30、。题干意思是“La Chapelle-au-saints的尼安德特人骨骼可以被确定为右撇子，因为”。根据题干定位到第三段倒数第二句Right-handers tend to have longer, stronger, and more muscular bones on the right side, and Marcellin Boule as long ago as 1911 noted the La Chapelle-aux-Saints Neanderthal skeleton had a right upper arm bone that was noticeably strong

31、er than the left.（右撇子的右侧骨骼更长，更强壮，肌肉更发达。Marcellin Boule早在1911年提到的一块名为La Chapelle-aux-Saints的尼安德特人的右上臂骨骼明显比左上臂强壮。）可知，B项“右臂骨头比左臂骨头强壮”符合原文。第三段最后一句指出Similar observations have been made on other Neanderthal skeletons such as La Ferrassie I and Neanderthal itself.（对其他尼安德特人的骨架的调查也得到了类似的结果，例如La Ferrassie I和尼

32、安德特人本身。）可知，名为La Chapelle-au-saints的尼安德特人骨骼与其他尼安德特人、La Ferrassie I以及尼安德特人本身的骨骼都有类似的特点，即右臂骨头比左臂骨头强壮，并不是说他们的骨骼是相似的，C项“它与La Ferrassie I和尼安德特人的骨骼相似”偷换概念；A项“附近发现的其他尼安德特人骨骼也是右撇子”这是在发现名为La Chapelle-au-saints的尼安德特人骨骼被确定为右撇子之后法身的，A项不选。D项“右侧骨骼骨折的证据较少”，这是证明右撇子的另外一个证据，而不是证明名为La Chapelle-au-saints的尼安德特人骨骼是右撇子的证据。

33、因此，该题选择B项正确。56.【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“下列关于骨折痕和割伤痕的陈述哪一个可以从文章中推断出来？”。根据题干可以定位到文章第四段Fractures and other cut marks are another source of evidence. Right-handed soldiers tend to be wounded on the left. The skeleton of a 40- or 50-year-old Nabatean warrior, buried 2,000 years ago in the Negev Desert, I

34、srael, had multiple healed fractures to the skull, the left arm, and the ribs.（断裂痕与割伤痕也是论据的另一来源。右撇子勇士一般都是左侧容易受伤。在以色列的内盖夫的戈壁中被埋了2000多年的一个40-50岁之间的Nabatean勇士的骨架，在他的头部、左臂和肋骨上有多处已愈合的伤痕。），从中可知，习惯使用右撇子的人左侧受伤会更多，可以推断这是由于右撇子的人的右侧被占主导地位的右手保护，所以左侧受伤更多，A项“右撇子士兵造成的骨折和割伤往往发生在受伤方身体的右侧”和B项“右臂受伤更多，因为右臂作为主要的手臂，使用更积极

35、”错误；C项“对于大多数人来说，身体的左半边更容易受伤，因为它没有被占主导地位的手臂有效地保护”符合题意。D项“人类化石上的骨折和割伤很可能是死后造成的”没有提到。因此，该题选择C项正确。57.【试题答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“为什么作者提到在法国Lascaux洞穴中发现的冰河时期的绳子？”。根据题干定位到文章第五段Tools themselves can be revealingThe late Ice Age rope found in the French cave of Lascaux consists of fibers spiraling to the right,

36、 and was therefore tressed by a right-hander.（工具本身也会反映这一现象在法国的Lascaux岩洞艺术找到的冰川时代末期的绳子是由向右旋转的纤维捆成的，当然也就证实了出自右撇子之手。），由此可以推断，作者提到法国Lascaux洞穴中发现的冰河时期的绳子是为了对第五段第一句提供关于通过物品判断右撇子的例证，D项“作为一件由右撇子制造的物品的例子”符合。A项“作为一件物品的例子，它的磨损痕迹表明它是由右撇子使用的”中的“磨损”并不属于绳子上的。B项“因为穿衣服对右撇子来说比左撇子更容易”在该段落并未提及。C项“因为在Lascaux洞穴，研究人员发现了一些

37、为右撇子的人制作的史前工具”并不符合题干。因此，该题选择D项正确。6. 单选题There is no doubt _ the company has made the right decision on the sale project.问题1选项A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.when【答案】B【解析】考查固定句型。A项why为疑问副词，表示“为什么”；B项that为关系代词，可指代某人或某物；C项whether为疑问副词，表示“是否”；D项when为疑问副词，表示“何时”。根据句子可知，there is no doubt that为固定句型，表示“毫无疑问”。句意：毫无疑问，公

38、司在销售项目上做出了正确的决定。因此，该题选择B项正确。7. 单选题The activists energetic work in the service of both woman suffrage and the temperance movement in the late nineteenth century _ the assertion that the two movements were inimical.问题1选项A.diffusesB.underminesC.supportsD.underscores【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项diffuse“扩散，传播”，B项un

39、dermine“逐渐削弱（信心、权威等），渐渐破坏”，C项support“支持，帮助，支撑”，D项underscore“强调，划线于下”。根据句子可知，句子缺少一个谓语动词，由The activists energetic work in the service of both woman suffrage and the temperance movement（积极分子为妇女选举权和禁酒运动所做的积极工作）和the assertion that the two movements were inimical（这两个运动是敌对的断言）可判断，这两者的关系是“削弱”，B项符合。句意：19世纪晚期

40、，积极分子为妇女选举权和禁酒运动所做的积极工作削弱了这两个运动是敌对的论断。因此，该题选择B项。8. 单选题His remarks were so _ that we could not decide which of the possible meanings was correct.问题1选项A.persuasiveB.ambiguousC.suspiciousD.consistent【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项persuasive“有说服力的，劝诱的”，B项ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱两可的”，C项suspicious“可疑的，怀疑的”，D项consistent“始终如

41、一的，一致的”。由we could not decide which of the possible meanings was correct（我们无法确定哪个可能的意思是正确的）可知，B项符合。句意：他的话含糊不清，我们无法断定哪一个意思是正确的。因此，该题选择B项。9. 单选题Living in close _ to ones neighbors can be cozy and comforting, but living on top of one another can be suffocating.问题1选项A.homogeneityB.proximityC.lingeringD.a

42、ccess【答案】B【解析】考查词义辨析。A项homogeneity“同质，同种”，B项proximity“接近”，C项lingering“拖延的，迟迟不结束的”，D项access“通道，进入，机会”。根据but可知，前后句子为转折，由后面的but living on top of one another can be suffocating（但是住在一个邻居的上面可能会令人窒息）对比可知，前面空格处应该表示“住在邻居隔壁”，B项符合。句意：住得离邻居很近是很舒适的，但是住在一个邻居的上面可能会令人窒息。因此，该题选择B项。10. 单选题Owing to an acute lack of lo

43、wer-income housing, the municipal government is embarrassed by the impressing housing issue.问题1选项A.urgentB.graveC.stressfulD.increasing【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项urgent“紧急的，急迫的”，B项grave“重大的，严肃的”，C项stressful“紧张的，有压力的”，D项increasing“越来越多的，渐增的”。句意：由于低收入者住房的严重匮乏，市政府对于严重的住房问题感到为难。acute在句中表示“严重的”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是B项。因

44、此，该题选择B项。11. 单选题Ones chances of getting into college can be bolstered by writing an effective application essay.问题1选项A.boastedB.gratifiedC.strengthenedD.indulged【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。题干bolstered“加强，改善”。A项“自夸；自吹自擂”，B项“使高兴；使满意”，C项“加强；增强”，D项“沉湎，沉迷”。因此选C。句意：通过撰写有效的申请论文，可以提高一个人上大学的机会。12. 单选题Few people still _

45、lawyers and politicians merely because of the positions they hold.问题1选项A.venerateB.revereC.acclaimD.accolade【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项venerate“崇敬，尊敬”，尤指对被认为神圣或重要的人或事物表示尊敬、崇敬；B项revere“敬畏，尊敬”，指对某人或某事物极为尊敬或钦佩；C项acclaim“称赞，为喝彩”，D项accolade为名词，表示“赞扬，表扬”。根据句子可知，空格处需要填入一个谓语动词，D项排除。根据句子意思“很少人仍然律师和政治家，仅仅因为他们所拥有的职位”可知

46、，空格处填入“尊敬”符合，只有B项正确。句意：现在很少有人仅仅因为律师和政客的职位而尊敬他们。因此，该题选择B项。13. 单选题In the business world, where everything is stored on computers, filing cabinets full of paper records have become _.问题1选项A.obsoleteB.contemporaryC.unprecedentedD.innovative【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项obsolete表示“废弃的，淘汰的，过时的”，B项contemporary表示“发生（属

47、）于同时期的，当代的”，C项unprecedented表示“空前的，无前例的”，D项innovative表示“革新的，创新的，新颖的”。根据关键信息everything is stored on computers（一切都存储在电脑上）可知，filing cabinets full of paper records（装满文件记录的文件柜）应该是“过时的”。句意：在商业世界，所有的东西都存储在电脑上，装满纸质记录的文件柜已经过时了。因此，该题选择A项正确。14. 单选题A few years ago, the rich worlds worry about economic interactio

48、n with developing countries was that the poor could not profit from it. So unbalanced were the terms of exchange between the Norths mighty industries and the Souths weakling sweatshops trade (31) between the two could be (32) more than exploitation of the one by the other; far from helping the poor

49、countries, global integration would actually deepen their poverty. This fear has now given (33) to a pessimism that is equal and oppositenamely, that trade with the developing world will (34) todays rich countries.Like the previous scare, this view contains an iota of truthenough to lend plausibilit

50、y. Also like its predecessor, it is a (35) exaggeration. (36), this new fear is more dangerous than the old one. The earlier scare tacitly affirmed that the industrial countries would suffer if they cut their links (37) the third world. Starting from there, campaigning in the North to restrict trade

51、 with developing countries was going to be an uphill struggle. Those who oppose deeper economic integration now have a better platform. Vital interests (38) the rich countries to protect their industries from the new onslaught. (39) its predecessor, this idea may sell.The grip that this thinking alr

52、eady has on popular opinion (40) little to economic history or principles. The new fear, like the old one, expresses the conviction that growth in one part of the world must somehow come (41) another. This is a deeply rooted prejudice, and (42) wrong. Very nearly all of the world is more prosperous

53、now than it was 30 years ago. Growth has been a story of (43) advance, not redistribution; and (44) living standards have not improved in recent decades (notably, in parts of Africa), excessive interaction in the international economy has not been the cause.Lending useful support to this first error

54、 is a secondthe idea that there is only so much work to go round. If new technologies render some jobs obsolete, or if an increase in the supply of cheap imports makes other jobs (45), the result must be a permanent rise in unemployment. Again, on a moments reflection, this is wrong; otherwise, tech

55、nological progress this century would have pushed unemployment rates in the industrial countries to something in excess of 95%.问题1选项A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where问题2选项A.anythingB.anywhereC.somethingD.nothing问题3选项A.wayB.outC.inD.up问题4选项A.outweighB.impoverishC.enrichD.dwindle问题5选项A.hystericalB.corrosiveC.

56、abysmalD.covert问题6选项A.MoreoverB.HenceC.ConsequentlyD.However问题7选项A.toB.withC.onD.of问题8选项A.compromiseB.cozenC.objectD.oblige问题9选项A.AsB.LikeC.UnlikeD.With问题10选项A.owesB.addsC.cutsD.reduces问题11选项A.in favor ofB.in return forC.at the expense ofD.in place of问题12选项A.partiallyB.plainlyC.largelyD.scarcely问题13

57、选项A.beneficialB.complementaryC.essentialD.mutual问题14选项A.whichB.whereC.whatD.with问题15选项A.economicB.uneconomicC.economicalD.uneconomical【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A第6题:D第7题:B第8题:D第9题:C第10题:A第11题:C第12题:B第13题:D第14题:B第15题:B【解析】31.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查固定搭配。根据句子前面的so，结合选项可知，sothat未固定搭配，表示“如此以至于”。句意：北方强大的工业和南方虚弱

58、的剥削劳动力的工厂之间的交换条件是如此不平衡，以至于两者之间。该题选择C项正确。32.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查固定搭配。根据句中的more than可知，nothing more than为固定搭配，表示“无非是，不过是”。句意：北方强大的工业和南方虚弱的剥削劳动力的工厂之间的交换条件是如此不平衡，以至于两者之间无非是互相剥削。该题选择D项正确。33.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A项give way to表示“给让路，为所替代”，B项give out to表示“分发给”，C项give in to表示“屈服于，顺从”，D项give up to表示“让给，向投降”。根据主语fea

59、r（担忧）和宾语pessimism（悲观主义）可知，give way to最符合句意。句意：这种担忧现在已经被一种既平等又相反的悲观主义所替代。该题选择A项正确。34.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查动词辨析和上下文语境。A项outweigh表示“比重（在重量上），比重要”，B项impoverish表示“使贫穷，使枯竭”，C项enrich表示“使充实，使肥沃”，D项dwindle表示“减少，变小”。根据namely（换句话说）可知，该句是对上一句“这种担忧现在已经被一种既平等又相反的悲观主义所替代”的解释，“担忧”指的是上文提到的“全球一体化非但不会帮助穷国，反而会加深它们的贫困”，根据空格后面

60、的rich countries（富裕国家），结合前文的“让步于一种既平等又相反的悲观主义”可知，空格处填入“使贫穷”符合语境。句意：也就是说，与发展中国家的贸易将使今天的富裕国家变得贫穷。该题选择B项正确。35.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A项hysterical表示“歇斯底里的，异常兴奋的”，B项corrosive表示“腐蚀的，侵蚀性的”，C项abysmal表示“深不可测的，糟透的”，D项covert表示“隐蔽的，秘密的”。根据前面的不定冠词a可排除C项；空格处是填入一个形容词作定语修饰名词exaggeration（夸张），A、B、D三个选项中只有A项最符合语境。句意：和它的前

61、身一样，这也是一种歇斯底里的夸张。该题选择A项正确。36.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查上下文逻辑。A项moreover表示“而且，此外”；B项hence表示“因此，由此”，可以作为语气较轻的连接结果的连词使用，前后因果关系较轻；C项consequently表示“因此，所以”，注重时间、动作的前后；D项however表示“然而，可是”。根据this new fear is more dangerous than the old one（这种新的担忧比旧的更危险），联系上文语境可知，此处是表达转折的逻辑关系。因此，该题选择D项正确。37.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A项to表示“对，

62、向”，link to表示“把和联系起来”；B项with表示“和，随着”，link with表示“与有联系”；C项on表示“在上”；D项of表示“的”。根据句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个介词和link搭配，C、D选项可排除；由后面的名词the third world（第三方）可知，空格处填入with符合语境。句意：早先的恐慌默许了工业化国家如果切断与第三世界的联系就会遭受损失。因此，该题选择B项正确。38.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考察固定搭配。A项compromise表示“妥协，折中，违背（原则）”，B项cozen表示“瞒，欺骗”，C项object表示“反对，拒绝”，D项oblige表示“迫使，强制”。根据后面的to可知，oblige sb. to do固定搭配，表示“迫使某人做某事”。句意：至关重要的利益迫使富裕国家保护他们的工业免受新的冲击。因此，该题选择D项正确。39.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查介词辨析和上下文语境。A项as表示“作为，因为”，B项like表示“像”