2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷85

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1、2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题An enquiring mind can catch _ to a new idea quickly.问题1选项A.onB.uC.atD.out【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. on 在之上 B. up 向上C. at 在 D. out 向外【答案】A【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】固定搭配catch on to表示“理解；明白”。由句意“善于探究的人能很快一个新观点。”可知，该搭配符合句意，译为：善于探究的人能很快理解一个新观点。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合搭配。【句意】善于探究的人能很

2、快理解一个新观点。2. 翻译题如果把电压加到电路的两端，在电路中就会有电流流动。【答案】If the voltage is applied to both ends of the circuit, there will be current flow in the circuit.3. 单选题Only one more week and the contract will _.问题1选项A.run outB.bring aboutC.put throughD.carry on【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. run out 用完；到期 B. bring about 引起C. put thro

3、ugh 给接通电话；使遭受 D. carry on 继续；从事；进行【答案】A【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】句意：再过一个星期，合同就。根据句意，可以推测，再过一个星期，有效的合同就到期结束了。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C选项均不符合句意；D选项，这里指的是合同再过一个星期就到期了，而不是合同继续，该选项不符合逻辑。【句意】再过一个星期合同就到期了。4. 翻译题Why is the Native Language Learnt So Well?How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When w

4、e compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact a little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most cases, may end up with a faulty and inexact c

5、ommand. What accounts for this difference?Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of l

6、ife. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions which come to him in a fresh, ever-bubbling spring. There i

7、s no resistance: there is perfect assimilation.Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible sit

8、uations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately inter

9、ests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.Finally, though a childs “teachers” may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy

10、.New Efforts to Lean about MarsTwo weeks ago, the United States launched a spaceship named Mars Global Surveyor. It is expected to arrive at Mars next September after traveling about 7 hundred million kilometers. It will orbit the planet. Its main task is to make the most detailed map of Mars. On De

11、cember 2nd, the United States is to launch another spacecraft Mars Pathfinder. Although the two spacecrafts are not designed to search for life, they will seek out conditions that could support life.Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun the next beyond Earth. It has been a bright object of mystery

12、in the night sky since ancient times. It is named for the Roman God of War. Because of the color of its soil and rocks, Mars is also called the red planet. If life, past or present, is to be found anywhere else in the solar system, scientists say, Mars is probably the space. They think Mars and Eart

13、h were similar as young planets. They believe that young Mars was much warmer and wetter than it is now; and had much thicker atmosphere. Today, Mars atmosphere is less than 1% as thick as Earths. It is mostly carbon dioxide while Earths atmosphere is mainly nitrogen. Mars is about half the size of

14、Earth. It is almost 7,000 kilometers across. It has huge volcanoes and canyon 4,000 kilometers across, the biggest known in the solar system. Mars is also known for great dust storms which sometimes cover the planet. The average temperature on Mars is 53 degrees below zero Celsius. Mars warm atmosph

15、ere is 27 above zero.In some places the Martian surface looks like a desert on Earth. In others, it looks like the surface of our moon. By studying Mars, scientists say we can hope to learn more about the history and perhaps the future of our own planet. Surface on Mars that are almost 4,000 million

16、 years old show remains of ancient lakes. These suggest that that liquid water once flowed. Mars water is hidden under its surface now. Instruments on the spacecraft will search for it.Extinction Stalks Worlds TigersUnless governments take significant measures to protect tigers, they may go extinct

17、by 2010, the World Wildlife Fund said Thursday.The conservation group said tiger numbers have decreased 95 percent in the past century and only 5,0007,200 tigers still survive in the wildcompared with nearly 10 times that many at the start of the century.WWF, published an update Feb. 11, 2019 of the

18、ir studyWanted Alive: Tigers in the Wild, marking the end of the Chinese Year of the Tiger.The report states that despite sustained efforts over the past year, much remains to be done to prevent the tiger from becoming extinct early next century. If governments do not crack down on poaching and elim

19、inate the demand for tiger products, the tiger will be stalked to extinction, says WWF.“We cannot let up for one moment if we are to ensure that tigers will still exist in the wild by the next Chinese Year of the Tiger in 2010,” said Elizabeth Kemf, species conservation information manager at WWF In

20、ternational and one of the authors of the report.The group cites illegal hunting for the medicinal trade, loss of prey species weak law enforcement, poaching, habitat loss and a shrinking gene pool as the other major threats facing the worlds tiger population.The WWF said one major success during 19

21、98 was the passage of legislation by the U.S. Congress banning the import and sale of any product claiming to contain ingredients made of rhinocerosanother endangered speciesor tiger parts.In addition, WWF established a Tiger Emergency Fund, supported the Tiger Conservation Program in India, and wor

22、ked in the Russian Far East.Three of the eight subspecies of tigerthe Bali, Caspian and Javan tigers are extinct. The South China tiger faces the same facts as only 20 or 30 are known to remain in the wild, down from an estimated 4, 000 in the 1950s.【答案】【参考译文】为什么母语学得这么好？5. 单选题Penny had dropped the l

23、arge towel, which was flung around her shoulders, and was running into the sea. “Come on,” she said. “Ill race you.”Nicholas took off his beach-wrap and followed her into the water. It was chilly enough to make him gasp but he steeped in bravely, and continued until he was up to his waist and then d

24、ived, coming up close to her side. Then he set off at a steady rhythmic crawl for the boat, about fifty yards away.“Hi!” shouted Penny, chasing after him. “I thought you couldnt swim!” “I never said so.” Nicholas called back and he went faster, finding to his joy that his injured hands were moving e

25、asily in the water. The early morning sun shone warmly on his wet head and the sea sparkled. He reached the boat a little breathless, but happier than he had ever been since the night of the crash. He knew he swam well. He had been taught by a professional teacher when he was only seven and since th

26、en he had bathed in most of the oceans of the world. It was the only sport allowed to him and he had made the most of it.Penny pulled herself up into the boat and sat beside him, laughing. “You little monkey!” she said. “And there was me saying Id teach you to swim.”“It was very kind of you,” said N

27、icholas sedately, but his eyes smiled.“Youll have to go in for the races in August,” she told him. “Youll beat anyone weve got here!”“Oh, I dont think Id be allowed,” began Nicholas, but Penny broke in, “Why on earth not? Dont forget youre Nicky Field now, not anyone special. Why shouldnt you go in

28、for races if you want to?”Not anyone special! Nicholas Wakefield turned this over in his mind. Did he like it or didnt he? For as long as he could remember he had been someone very special indeed. The greatest people in the world of music had watched him at the piano, and wherever he went he had to

29、be protected from pressmen and photographers. In television studios all over the world he had received VIP treatment. But now, just for a few weeks he was not special at all, and only good at swimming. He was going to like it! Somehow it all seemed a wonderful joke.1. To enter the water Nicholas _.2

30、. Why did he feel satisfied?3. When he reached the boat he felt _.4. Penny called Nicholas a “little monkey” because _.5. What did Nicholas Wakefield find funny?问题1选项A.dived in head firstB.jumped in up to his waistC.crawled into the waterD.walked in gradually问题2选项A.Hed done really fast for the crawl

31、.B.He felt hed impressed his girlfriend.C.Hed done exactly what hed been taught.D.He found his hands werent stiff anymore.问题3选项A.a little bit tiredB.short of breathC.painful in his handsD.proud of winning the race问题4选项A.he had played tricks on her in the waterB.he had let her think he couldnt swimC.

32、he had dived in and chased herD.he had pretended he didnt like swimming问题5选项A.The TV men and photographers hadnt been able to find him.B.Pennys way of getting into the boat.C.He was going to give concerts for a few weeks under the name of Nicky Field.D.He was just going to be an ordinary person for

33、a few weeks.【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1. 【选项释义】To enter the water Nicholas _. 为了下水，尼古拉斯_。A. dived in head first A. 头朝下跳入水中B. jumped in up to his waist B. 跳到了到他腰部的水中C. crawled into the water C. 爬进了水里D. walked in gradually D. 慢慢地走了进去【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第二段“天冷得他倒抽了一口气，但他还是勇敢地浸入水中，一直浸

34、到腰部，然后潜入水中，靠近她的身边。”由此可知他是浸入水中的，可推断他是慢慢走到水里然后让腰部浸入水中。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A选项“头朝下跳入水中”，根据推断可知，他是慢慢走进水中然后浸入水中的，并不是跳入，该选项属于反向干扰；B选项“跳到了到他腰部的水中”，根据推断可知，他是慢慢走进水中然后浸入到他腰部的水中的，并不是直接跳到水中，该选项属于反向干扰；C选项“爬进了水里”，他是先浸入水中，然后再爬进水里，该选项属于本末倒置。2. 【选项释义】Why did he feel satisfied? 为什么他感到满足？A. Hed done really fast for the crawl.

35、 A. 他爬得非常快。B. He felt hed impressed his girlfriend. B. 他觉得他给女朋友留下了深刻的印象。C. Hed done exactly what hed been taught. C. 他完全按照老师教的去做。D. He found his hands werent stiff anymore. D. 他发现自己的手不再僵硬了。【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第三段第三句“他高兴地发现，他受伤的手在水里轻松地移动着。（finding to his joy that his injured hands were mo

36、ving easily in the water）”由此可知，他的手在水中移动着，可推断，他的手不再僵硬不动了。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A选项“他爬得非常快。”，文中没有提及，属于无中生有；B选项“他觉得他给女朋友留下了深刻的印象。”，文中没有提及，属于无中生有；C选项“他完全按照老师教的去做。”，文中提到“他七岁的时候就被一位专业的老师教过，从那时起，他就沐浴在世界上大部分的海洋中。”，但是在此处并没有说他完全按照老师教的去做，也并不是因为此原因而感到满足，该选项属于过度推断。3. 【选项释义】When he reached the boat he felt _. 当他到达船上时，他感到_。

37、A. a little bit tired A. 有点累了B. short of breath B. 呼吸急促C. painful in his hands C. 双手疼痛D. proud of winning the race D. 因为赢得了比赛而自豪【答案】B【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第三段第五句“他上气不接下气地来到船边（He reached the boat a little breathless），但从撞船的那天晚上以来，他从来没有这么高兴过。”由此可知他到达船上以后有点呼吸急促。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A选项“有点累了”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生

38、有；C选项“双手疼痛”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；D选项“因为赢得了比赛而自豪”，虽然尼古拉斯更早的到达船上，但是并没有说他因为赢得比赛自豪，该选项属于过度推断。4. 【选项释义】Penny called Nicholas a “little monkey” because _. 佩妮叫尼古拉斯“小猴子”是因为_。A. he had played tricks on her in the water A. 他在水里捉弄了她B. he had let her think he couldnt swim B. 他让她以为他不会游泳C. he had dived in and chased

39、her C. 他跳进水里追她D. he had pretended he didnt like swimming D. 他假装不喜欢游泳【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第三段第一、二句“佩妮追着他喊道。我以为你不会游泳呢！（I thought you couldnt swim!）”以及第四段“你小猴子！她说。我还说要教你游泳呢。”由此可推断佩妮以为尼古拉斯不会游泳。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A选项“他在水里捉弄了她”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；C选项“他跳进水里追她”，曲解原文，属于过度推断；D选项“他假装不喜欢游泳”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有。5

40、. 【选项释义】What did Nicholas Wakefield find funny? 尼古拉斯韦克菲尔德觉得什么好笑？A. The TV men and photographers hadnt been able to find him. A. 电视记者和摄影师都没能找到他。B. Pennys way of getting into the boat. B. 佩妮上船的方式。C. He was going to give concerts for a few weeks under the name of Nicky Field. C. 他打算用尼基菲尔德的名字开几周的演唱会。D.

41、He was just going to be an ordinary person for a few weeks. D. 他只打算做几个星期的普通人。【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到文章最后一段倒数第三行“在世界各地的电视演播室里，他受到了贵宾待遇。但现在，仅仅几个星期，他就一点也不特别，而且只是擅长游泳。他会喜欢的!不知何故，这一切似乎都只是一个绝妙的笑话。”由此可推断，尼古拉斯以前是一个名人，但是现在他仅仅是一个只擅长游泳的普通人，这一点让他感到好笑。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A选项“电视记者和摄影师都没能找到他。”，文中只是提到以前无论他走到哪里，都得保

42、护他不受记者和摄影师的骚扰，但没有说现在电视记者和摄影师都没能找到他，该选项属于过度推断；B选项“佩妮上船的方式。”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；C选项“他打算用尼基菲尔德的名字开几周的演唱会。”，文中只是说他可以作为尼基菲尔德参加比赛，没有说开演唱会，该选项属于无中生有。6. 单选题For the past two years, I have been working on students evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations （1） some 300 stud

43、ents from at （2） twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally（3）and direct in their comments （4） how course work could be bette（5）. Most of their remarks were kindly（6） with tolerance rather than bitternessand frequently were softened by the （7） that the students were speaking （

44、8） some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, （9） the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel （10） with things as they are in the classroom.Professors should be （11） from reading lecture notes. “It makes their（12） monotonous.”If they are going to read, why not （13）out copies of the

45、 lecture? Then we（14） need to go to class. Professors should （15） repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. “（16） weve read the material, we want to（17） it or hear it elaborated on, （18） repeated.” “A lot of students hate to buy a （19） text that the professor has written （20） to have h

46、is lectures repeat it.”问题1选项A.involvingB.countingC.coveringD.figuring问题2选项A.bestB.leastC.lengthD.large问题3选项A.reservedB.hard-workingC.politeD.frank问题4选项A.overB.atC.onD.of问题5选项A.presentedB.submittedC.describedD.written问题6选项A.receivedB.addressedC.madeD.taken问题7选项A.occasionB.truthC.caseD.fact问题8选项A.onB.

47、aboutC.atD.with问题9选项A.thoughB.whetherC.asD.if问题10选项A.dissatisfiedB.unsatisfactoryC.satisfiedD.satisfactory问题11选项A.interferedB.interruptedC.discouragedD.disturbed问题12选项A.voicesB.soundsC.pronunciationD.gestures问题13选项A.holdB.leaveC.dropD.give问题14选项A.couldntB.wouldntC.mustntD.shouldnt问题15选项A.refuseB.pro

48、hibitC.preventD.avoid问题16选项A.OnceB.UntilC.HoweverD.Unless问题17选项A.rememberB.argueC.discussD.keep问题18选项A.yetB.notC.andD.or问题19选项A.desiredB.revisedC.requiredD.deserved问题20选项A.aboutB.howC.butD.only【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A第6题:C第7题:C第8题:B第9题:C第10题:A第11题:C第12题:A第13题:D第14题:D第15题:D第16题:A第17题:C第18题:B第19题

49、:C第20题:D【解析】1. 【选项释义】A. involving 涉及；包括 B. counting 计算C. covering 遮盖；覆盖 D. figuring 计算【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】空格处上文意思为：过去两年里，我一直在研究学生对课堂教学的评价。空格处所在句子句意为：我记录了来自21所学院和大学的300名学生的非正式谈话。由上文可知，这项研究是关于学生对课堂教学的，因此空格处意为“涉及21所高校的大约300个学生的非正式谈话”。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】我记录了来自21所学院和大学的大约300名学生的非正式谈话记录。2. 【选项释

50、义】A. best 最好的；最出色的 B. least 最小的；最少的C. length 长；长度 D. large 大的；大规模的【答案】B【考查点】固定搭配和句间逻辑。【解题思路】固定搭配at least意为“至少”。句意为：我保存了21所学院和大学约300名学生的非正式谈话记录。根据逻辑，这里指的是这个研究涉及到了很多学生，至少来自21所大学和学员。at least符合句间逻辑。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A选项at best“最多”，该句中强调至少有来自21所大学和学员的学生的谈话记录，该选项不符合句间逻辑；C选项at length“最后；终于”，不符合句间逻辑；D选项at large“一

51、般大多数”，不符合句间逻辑。【句意】我保存了至少21所学院和大学约300名学生的非正式谈话记录。3. 【选项释义】A. reserved 内向的；寡言少语的 B. hard-working 工作努力的；辛勤的C. polite 有礼貌的；客气的 D. frank 坦率的；直言不讳的【答案】D【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】空格处单词由and连接，与direct“直率的”并列。因此根据句间逻辑要选择与此意相近的词。对比选项，D选项frank“坦率的；直言不讳的”符合逻辑。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句间逻辑。【句意】学生们的评论一般都是坦率和直接的。4. 【选项释义】A. ov

52、er 在上面；从上方 B. at 在C. on 在之上 D. of 的【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】固定搭配comment on sth“对的评价”。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合固定搭配。【句意】对于如何更好地呈现课程作业，学生们的评论通常是坦率和直接的。5. 【选项释义】A. presented （以某种方式）展现；显示；表现 B. submitted 提交；呈递（文件、建议等）C. described 描述；形容 D. written 书写【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】上文讲到这项研究是关于学生对课堂教学的，下文提到学生对课程的具体意见。由此可知，空格处表

53、示关于学生对于如何更好地呈现课程作业的评价是直接坦率的。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】对于如何更好地呈现课程作业，学生们的评论通常是坦率和直接的。6. 【选项释义】A. received 得到；收到；遭受 B. addressed 演说；演讲C. made 进行；布置，准备 D. taken 拿；带【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】固定搭配make remarks意为“对做出评价或评论”。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合固定搭配。【句意】他们的大部分评论都是善意的。7. 【选项释义】A. occasion （某事发生的）时刻；时候 B. trut

54、h 事实；真相C. case 具体情况；事例 D. fact 事实；真相【答案】C【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】根据上文可知“在同学们谈到某些教师时，其评论言辞的犀利程度常常被弱化了”指的就是在这种情况下，评论被弱化。因此选C。【干扰项排除】A选项occasion“（某事发生的）时刻，时候”，主要指场合；时刻;重大活动；盛典，不符合语境；B、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】他们的大多数评论都是善意的带着宽容而不是怨恨而且经常因为学生们谈论的是一些，而不是所有的教师。8. 【选项释义】A. on 在之上；向 B. about 关于C. at 在 D. with 和在一起；具有【答案】B【考

55、查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】句意：学生们谈论的是一些，而不是全部的教师。根据逻辑，学生们应该是谈论关于老师的一些事情。因此选介词about表示“关于”的意思。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合句间逻辑。【句意】学生们谈论的是关于一些教师的事情，而不是全部的教师。9. 【选项释义】A. though 虽然；尽管 B. whether 是否C. as 正如；如同 D. if 如果【答案】C【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】句意：然而，下面的建议和评论表明，学生对他们在教室里的事情感到不满意。下文就讲学生们对教室事情不满意的具体事情。该句与上下文衔接，因此选C选项as表示“正如”。【干扰项排除】A

56、、B、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】尽管如此，正如下面的建议和评论表明，学生对他们在教室里的事情。10. 【选项释义】A. dissatisfied 不满意的；不高兴的 B. unsatisfactory 不令人满意的C. satisfied 满意的 D. satisfactory 令人满意的【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义和搭配。【解题思路】空格处下文讲述学生对教室的事情有意见的细节。因此这里暗示的就是他们对教室的事情感到不满意。并且在句中，主语是学生，学生对教室的事情是感到不满意的，因此选A。【干扰项排除】B选项unsatisfactory“不令人满意的”，该处是学生对教室的事情感到不满

57、，而不是学生是令人不满的，该选项不符合语境；C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】尽管如此，正如下面的建议和评论表明，学生对他们在教室里的事情感到不满意。11. 【选项释义】A. interfered 妨碍；干涉 B. interrupted 打断；中断C. discouraged 使泄气；使灰心；阻碍；制止 D. disturbed 打扰；妨碍【答案】C【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】空格处下文讲到：这会让他们的声音单调的。并且下文继续提到，如果他们继续阅读，为什么不发讲课的复印件呢？由此可知，这里作者认为不应该鼓励教授读课堂笔记。是阻止他们读课堂笔记。因此选C。【干扰项排除】A选项int

58、erfered“妨碍；干涉”，指以一种激怒他人的方式介入并试图影响一种与你无关的情况，与原文语境不符；B选项interrupted“打断；中断”指说或做某事使某人停止他们正在说或做的事，而该处的意思是要阻止教授们继续读课堂笔记，而不是打断他们，该选项不符合上下文语义；D选项disturbed“打扰；妨碍”，指在某人试图工作或睡觉时打扰某人，根据上下文语义，这里应该表示让教授停止读笔记而不是打扰他们，该选项不符合上下文语义。【句意】不应该鼓励教授读课堂笔记。12. 【选项释义】A. voices 声音；说话声；歌唱声 B. sounds 声音C. pronunciation 发音；读音 D. g

59、estures 手势【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】空格处上文意思为：不应该鼓励教授读课堂笔记。空格处所在句子句意为：这使他们的变得单调乏味。读笔记会让教授的声音变得单调。voice主要指人发出的声音，符合语境。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B选项sounds“声音”，sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声音。这个词的使用范围很大。这里特指人发出的声音，对比选项，voice更适合；C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】这让他们的声音变得单调。13. 【选项释义】A. hold 持有；拥有 B. leave 离开；留下C. drop 投；丢；躺倒 D.

60、 give 给【答案】D【考查点】上下文语义和固定搭配。【解题思路】固定搭配：give out意为“分发”。空格处所在句子句意为：如果他们要阅读，为什么不把讲稿出去呢？根据上文可知，这些教授读讲稿会让人感到乏味，因此为什么不把讲稿分发到学生手中呢？give out符合上下文语义，因此选D。【干扰项排除】A选项hold“持有；拥有”，hold out意为“坚持；伸出”，不符合上下文语义；B选项leave“离开；留下”，leave out意为“遗漏；省去”，不符合上下文语义；C选项drop“投；丢；躺倒”，drop out意为“退出；退学”不符合上下文语义。【句意】如果他们要阅读，为什么不把讲稿分

61、发出去呢？14. 【选项释义】A. couldnt 不能 B. wouldnt 不会C. mustnt 禁止严禁 D. shouldnt 不应该；不应【答案】D【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】should可代表有强烈的个人感情色彩，且表将来发生的事情的可能性。空格处下文句意为：教授应该避免在讲课材料中重复。该句同样用了should。空格处所在句子与下文句子相衔接，因此这里应该用shouldnt。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】那我们就不用去上课了。15. 【选项释义】A. refuse 拒绝；回绝 B. prohibit （尤指以法令）禁止C. prevent 阻止；阻碍 D. avoid 避免；防止【答案】D【考查点】固定搭配和上下文语义。【解题思路】固定搭配avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”。根据下文：我们读材料，我们希望它或是听到详尽地说明，而不是简单地重复。所以空格处所在句子句意应该为：教授在讲课时应该避免重复课本上的内容。D选项avoid符合固定搭配和上下文语义。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、 B选项均不符合上下文语义；C选项prevent阻止；阻碍，固定用法为prevent from doing sth，该选项不符合搭配。【句