2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷84

《2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷84》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷84（36页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Little green patches of moss grew on the rock where water had _ out.问题1选项A.oozedB.dehumanizedC.deifiedD.opted【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. oozed渗出；泄漏 B. dehumanized使失掉人性C. deified崇拜，把某人奉若神明 D. opted选择；作出抉择【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】where引导的定语从句“岩石上的水_出来”修饰前面的rock（岩石），根据主句句意“岩

2、石上长着一片片绿色的苔藓”可知，岩石上有水渗出才能长苔藓，所以空格处填入A项符合句意。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项均不符合句意。【句意】在渗水的岩石上长出了一片片绿色的苔藓。2. 单选题The city was unprepared when the _ danger of hurricanes became reality, bringing destructive waves that _ everything in their path.问题1选项A.ambivalentdetractedB.profoundassuagedC.colloquialsupplantedD.hypotheti

3、calobliterated【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. ambivalentdetracted矛盾的，好恶相克的转移，使分心 B. profoundassuaged深厚的平息，缓和C. colloquialsupplanted通俗的，口语的代替，排挤掉 D. hypotheticalobliterated假设的，爱猜想的消灭，冲刷【答案】D【考查点】形容词和动词辨析。【解题思路】第一个空格根据后面的became reality（成为现实）可知，hypothetical符合句意；第二个空格根据destructive waves（毁灭性的波涛）可知，_ everything in thei

4、r path表示的是“冲刷着道路上的一切”。因此，该题选择D项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】当人们假设的飓风的危险变为现实时，这座城市还没有做好准备，毁灭性的波涛冲刷着他们道路上的一切。3. 单选题_ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.问题1选项A.SurroundedB.Having surroundedC.SurroundingD.To surround【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. Surrounded被包围 B. Having surrounded包围C. Surrou

5、nding包围 D. To surround包围【答案】A【考查点】非谓语动词。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处要填入一个非谓语动词，逻辑主语为kidnappers（绑架者），和动词surround（包围）之间是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词形式。故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项都表示主动关系。【句意】绑架者在警察的包围下别无选择，只好投降。4. 翻译题Science and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic

6、constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 911 and avian flu remind us that a smaller, fa

7、ster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledgebut desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd our essays, and when individual lives grow more crazy, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our w

8、orld needs.For all these reasons I believeand I believe even more strongly todayin the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.【答案】科技的进步使我们能够了解宇宙的最远端、物质最基本的成分以及生命的奇迹。与此同时，如今，人类的行动和不作为不仅危害地球上的生命，而且危害地球本身的生命。全球化正使世界变得越来越小、越来越快、越来越富有。尽管如此，911和禽流感也提醒我们，更小更快的世界不一定更安全。我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界，但却迫切需要智慧。现在，当

9、（新闻采访的）录音片段变得越来越短，当即时信息充斥着我们的文章，当个人生活变得越来越疯狂，我们的世界也需要更有深度思考能力的大学毕业生。基于所有这些原因，如今我的信念更为坚定，我相信大学拥有独特而不可替代的使命。5. 单选题Corn tariffs, which the diplomat had dismissed as _ issue, turned out to be pertinent and _ in the negotiations for a new trade agreement.问题1选项A.an aptpusillanimousB.an aberrant.indomitabl

10、eC.a tangentialtrenchantD.an ingeniousacclaimed【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. an aptpusillanimous恰当的，灵敏的胆怯的，懦弱的 B. an aberrant.indomitable违反常规的，反常的不屈不挠的C. a tangentialtrenchant切线的，离题的尖刻的，苛刻的 D. an ingeniousacclaimed有独创性的，机灵的受到赞扬的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据句子意思“玉米关税曾被这位外交官斥为_事情，现在在新贸易协定的谈判中被证明是有意义的和_”可知，玉米关税现在被证明是有意

11、义的，说明之前被认为是“不合常理的”，第一个空格填入an aberrant符合句意；第二个空格与pertinent为并列成分，可知第二个空格表示积极的意义，综合理解可知该题选择B项最恰当。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】玉米关税曾被这位外交官斥为一件违反常规的事情，现在在新贸易协定的谈判中被证明是有意义的、不可动摇的。6. 单选题The question is _to land men there.问题1选项A.if safe it willB.if will be safeC.whether it will be safeD.whether safe it will be【答案

12、】C【解析】【选项释义】A. if safe it will如果安全 B. if will be safe如果安全C. whether it will be safe是否安全 D. whether safe it will be是否安全【答案】C【考查点】表语从句。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处应该是填入一个表语从句，而if不能引导表语从句，但是whether可以，而且从句中应该用陈述语序。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不能引导表语从句；D项从句不是陈述语序。【句意】问题是让人在那里着陆是否安全。7. 单选题Improved consumer confidence is _

13、to an economic recovery.问题1选项A.crucialB.subordinateC.cumulativeD.satisfactory【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. crucial至关重要的，关键性的 B. subordinate隶属的，从属的C. cumulative（在力量或重要性方面）聚积的，积累的 D. satisfactory令人满意的，够好的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据句子意思“消费者信心的增强对经济复苏_”可知，空格处表示“至关重要的”符合句意。因此，该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】消费者信心的增强对经济复苏

14、至关重要。8. 单选题A few years ago, Ann and Walter Taylor thought it might be time to move out of their New York City apartment to the suburbs. They had one young son and another child on the way. But after months of looking, they became discouraged and decided to buy an old townhouse right in the middle of

15、 Brooklyn, which is a part of New York City. To their delight, they discovered that they werent the only young couple to have made such a decision. In fact, the entire area in Brooklyn had been settled by young families. And as a result, the neighborhood, which had been declining for years, was now

16、being restored.Brooklyn isnt the only city in the United States to experience this kind of renewal. So are Philadelphia and St. Louis. And Charleston, South Carolina, has so successfully rebuilt its old central area that it now ranks as one of Americas most charming cities. The restoration of the ol

17、d port city of Savannah, Georgia, is also living proof that downtown areas do not need to die. But encouraging as these developments may be, they are among the few bright spots in a mass of difficulties that todays cities face. Indeed, their woes are so many that it is fair to ask whether or not the

18、 inner city, the core of most urban areas will manage to survive at all.In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, Elbowroom, and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took

19、with them the tax money the cities needed to maintain the neighborhoods in which they had lived. The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected. (In the

20、past sixty years San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.Eventually, many downtown ar

21、eas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in offices, and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, “Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we can liv

22、e and work in the same area?” Gradually, some of the larger companies began moving out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and suburbs expanded still more. This movement of businesses to the suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been m

23、oving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, In Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium, as well.But it may well be that this movement to the suburbs has reached its peak. Some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companion

24、ship provided by city life. Perhaps the decision made by Taylors is a sign that people will return to the cities and begin to restore them. It begins to look as if suburban sprawl may not have been the answer to mans need to create an ideal environment in which to live and work.1.The author of the p

25、assage suggests that（ ）.2.The word “elbowroom” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “（ ）”.3.Which of the following statement is true?4.Why have businesses been moving to suburbs?5.Many cities began to fall into disrepair in the 1940s because（ ）.问题1选项A.moving to suburbs is not the answer to an ideal en

26、vironmentB.cities are likely to be replaced by the suburbsC.downtown areas are too crowded to liveD.American people move a lot in history问题2选项A.private spaceB.room to move freelyC.peaceful placesD.confined room问题3选项A.There are just old and poor people left in the cities.B.The movement to the suburbs

27、 begins to decline.C.Downtown areas must die in the future.D.Suburbs are sure to replace cities.问题4选项A.Because the environment is pleasant in the suburbs.B.Because the suburbs have developed rapidly.C.Because rich people have moved to suburbs.D.Because many people work in cities and live in suburbs.

28、问题5选项A.housing construction costs continued to riseB.housing was allowed to decayC.many people moved out of the citiesD.only old and poor people were left in the cities【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】1. The author of the passage suggests that _. 1. 本文作者认为_。A. moving to suburbs is not the an

29、swer to an ideal environment A. 搬到郊区并不是理想环境的答案B. cities are likely to be replaced by the suburbs B. 城市可能会被郊区所取代C. downtown areas are too crowded to live C. 市中心太拥挤了，无法居住D. American people move a lot in history D. 历史上美国人经常搬家【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】原文在第一段描述了一对夫妇搬家，经过多番寻找，最终还是决定留在市区。事实上，还有许多家庭亦是如此。所以作者接着提

30、到了市区重建，以前人们都向郊区迁移，但现在大家厌倦了长时间的通勤，开始怀念城市生活，这也是市区重建的原因。实际上从侧面表明郊区已经无法给人们带来理想的生活环境，文章最后一句提出“似乎郊区扩张并不能满足人类创造理想生活和工作环境的需要”，所以A项“搬到郊区并不是理想环境的答案”符合原文。【干扰项排除】B项“城市可能会被郊区所取代”，最后一段提到向郊区迁移的趋势很可能已经达到了顶峰，所以人们可能将返回城市，因此城市不可能会被郊区取代，该项属于反向干扰；C项“市中心太拥挤了，无法居住”根据第三段第一句“美国城市居民为了寻找新鲜的空气、舒适的空间和隐私，开始大规模迁往郊区”可知，人们迁往郊区的原因是寻

31、找新鲜空气和舒适的空间与隐私，该项属于曲解原文；D项“历史上美国人经常搬家”并没有提到，该项属于无中生有。2.【选项释义】2. The word “elbowroom” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “_”. 2. 第三段中的“elbowroom”很可能是“_”的意思。A. private space A. 私人空间B. room to move freely B. 自由活动的空间C. peaceful places C. 和平的地方D. confined room D. 密闭房间【答案】B【考查点】词义推测题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第三段第一句“2

32、0世纪40年代，美国城市居民开始大规模迁移到郊区，寻找新鲜空气、elbowroom和私人空间”，由此可知，elbowroom应该与新鲜空气、私人空间一样，都是城区没有而郊区所拥有的东西，而elbow本身的含义是“肘部”，综合理解可以推测，elbowroom指的是“能够活动的空间”，所以B项“自由活动的空间”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“私人空间”与原文中的privacy重复，曲解原文；C项“和平的地方”不是郊区所独有的，也属于曲解原文；D项“有限的空间”显然不是郊区的特点，所以不符合题干，属于曲解原文。3.【选项释义】3. Which of the following statement is

33、 true? 3. 下列哪一个陈述是正确的？A. There are just old and poor people left in the cities. A. 城市里只剩下老人和穷人。B. The movement to the suburbs begins to decline. B. 向郊区的迁移开始减少。C. Downtown areas must die in the future. C. 市中心在未来一定会消失。D. Suburbs are sure to replace cities. D. 郊区一定会取代城市。【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句“

34、但这种向郊区迁移的趋势很可能已经达到了顶峰”可知，搬到郊区的这种迁移活动到达顶峰，也就是说这种活动开始要下降了，B项“向郊区的迁移开始减少”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“城市里只剩下老人和穷人”，根据第三段第四句“留在城市的人往往是那些太老或太穷而不能搬家的人”可知，城市里留下的大多是老人和穷人，而该项中的just表述太绝对，属于曲解原文；C项“市中心在未来一定会消失”根据第二段第四句“乔治亚州旧港口城市萨凡纳的修复，很好地证明了市区不需要消亡”可知，该项属于反向干扰；D项“郊区一定会取代城市”根据最后一段第一句“但这种向郊区迁移的趋势很可能已经达到了顶峰”和倒数第二句“也许泰勒的决定是一个信

35、号，人们将返回城市，并开始重建它们”可知，该项属于反向干扰。4.【选项释义】4. Why have businesses been moving to suburbs? 4. 为什么企业纷纷迁往郊区？A. Because the environment is pleasant in the suburbs. A. 因为郊区的环境很宜人。B. Because the suburbs have developed rapidly. B. 因为郊区发展迅速。C. Because rich people have moved to suburbs. C. 因为富人都搬到郊区去了。D. Because

36、many people work in cities and live in suburbs. D. 因为很多人在城市工作，住在郊区。【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据倒数第二段前两句“许多市区仅仅为了商业而存在。白天，房子里挤满了办公的人，到了晚上，里面就空无一人了。”可知，这两句说明人们白天在市区工作，晚上就回到了郊区生活。考虑到这些情况，企业把办公室搬到了郊区，这样就可以在同一个地区生活和工作了。D项“因为很多人在城市工作，住在郊区”就是企业迁移到郊区的原因，符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“因为郊区的环境很宜人”是人们迁往郊区的原因，并不是企业搬到郊区的原因，该项张冠李戴；B

37、项“因为郊区发展迅速”和C项“因为富人都搬到郊区去了”没有提及，属于无中生有。5.【选项释义】5. Many cities began to fall into disrepair in the 1940s because _. 5. 20世纪40年代，许多城市开始年久失修，原因是_。A. housing construction costs continued to rise A. 住房建设成本继续上升B. housing was allowed to decay B. 房屋被放任自流C. many people moved out of the cities C. 许多人搬离了城市D. o

38、nly old and poor people were left in the cities D. 城市里只剩下老人和穷人【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段三四五句“由于大多数搬来的人都是中产阶级，他们带走了城市维持他们曾经居住的社区所需的税收。留在城市的人往往是那些太老或太穷而不能搬家的人。因此，许多城市开始年久失修。”可知，中产阶级的人们搬到郊区的同时，带走了城市用来维持社区的税收，也就是说没有钱来支撑城市社区的维护，所以城市开始年久失修。所以C项“许多人搬离了城市”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“住房建设成本继续上升”和B项“房屋被放任自流”是人们迁往郊区给城市带来的

39、后果，并不是城市年久失修的原因，属于出处错位；D项“城市里只剩下老人和穷人”表述太绝对，该项曲解原文。9. 单选题Many parts of an aircraft are _ together.问题1选项A.reshuffledB.repulsedC.revertedD.riveted【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. reshuffled进行岗位调整；更改职责配置 B. repulsed拒绝；驱逐C. reverted回复；归还 D. riveted吸引住；用铆钉固定住【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息parts of an aircraft（飞机的零件）和关键词tog

40、ether（一起）可知，空格处填入“组装，固定”符合句子意思，四个选项中只有D项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】飞机的许多部件是用铆钉铆接在一起的。10. 单选题When Bartley Hubbard went to interview Silas Lapham for the “Solid Men of Boston” series, which he undertook to finish up in The Events, after he replaced the originator of the project on that newspaper, Lap

41、ham received him in his private office by previous appointment.“Walk right in!” he called out to the journalist, whom he caught sight of through the door of the counting room.He did not rise from the desk at which he was writing, but he gave Bartley his left hand for welcome, and he rolled his large

42、 head in the direction of a vacant chair. “Sit down! Ill be with you in just half a minute.”“Take your time,” said Bartley, with the ease he instantly felt. “Im in no hurry.” He took a note-book from his pocket, laid it on his knee, and began to sharpen a pencil.“There!” Lapham pounded with his grea

43、t hairy fist on the envelope he had been addressing. “William!” he called out, and he handed the letter to a boy who came to get it. I want that to go right away. Well, sir,” he continued, wheeling round in his leather-cushioned swivel chair, and facing Bartley, seated so near that their knees almos

44、t touched, “so you want my life, death, and Christian sufferings, do you, young man?”“Thats what Im after,” said Bartley. “Your money or your life.”“I guess you wouldnt want my life without the money,” said Lapham, as if he were willing to prolong these moments of preparation.“Take them both,” Bartl

45、ey suggested, “Dont want your money without your life, if you come to that. But youre just one million times more interesting to the public than if you hadnt a dollar; and you know that as well as I do; Mr. Lapham. Theres no use beating around the bush.”“No,” said Lapham, somewhat absently. He put o

46、ut his huge foot and pushed the ground-glass door shut between his little den and the book-keepers, in their larger den outside.“In personal appearance wrote Bartley in the sketch for which he now studied his subject, while he waited patiently for him to continue, “Silas Lapham is a fine type of the

47、 successful American. He has a square, bold chin, only partially concealed by the short reddish-grey beard, growing to the edges of his firmly closing lips. His nose is short and straight; his forehead good, but broad rather than high; his eyes blue, and with a light in them that is kindly or sharp

48、according to his mood. He is of medium height, and fills an average arm-chair with a solid bulk, which on the day of our interview was unpretentiously clad in a business suit of blue serge. His head droops somewhat from a short neck, which does not trouble itself to rise far from a pair of massive s

49、houlders.”“I dont know as I know just where you want me to begin,” said Lapham.“Might begin with your birth; thats where most of us begin,” replied Bartley.A gleam of humorous appreciation shot into Laphams blue eyes.“I didnt know whether you wanted me to go quite so far back as that,” he said. “But

50、 theres no disgrace in having been born, and I. was born in the State of Vermont, pretty well up under the Canada lineso well up, in fact I came very near being an adoptive citizen; for I was bound to be an American of some sort, from the word Go! That was aboutwell, let me see!pretty near sixty yea

51、rs ago; this is 75, and that was 20. Well, say Im fifty-five years old; and I have lived em, too; not an hour of waste time about me, anywhere! I was born on a farm, and”“Worked in the fields summers and went to school winters: regulation thing?” Bartley cut in.“Regulation thing,” said Lapham, accep

52、ting this irreverent version of his history somewhat dryly.“Parents poor, of course,” suggested the journalist. “Any barefoot business? Early deprivation of any kind, that would encourage the youthful reader to go and do likewise? Orphan myself, you know,” said Bartley, with a smile of cynical good-

53、comradery.Lapham looked at him silently, and then said with quiet self-respect, “I guess if you see these things as a joke, my life wont interest you.”“Oh yes, it will,” returned Bartley, unabashed. “Youll see; itll come out all right.” And in fact it did so, in the interview which Bartley printed.“

54、Mr. Lapham” he wrote, “passed rapidly over the story of his early life, its poverty and its hardships, sweetened, however, by the recollections of a devoted mother, and a father who, if somewhat her inferior in education, was no less ambitious for the advancement of his children. They were quiet, un

55、pretentious people, religious, after the fashion of that time, and of sterling morality, and they taught their children the simple virtues of the Old Testament and Poor Richards Almanac.”Bartley could not deny himself this gibe; but he trusted to Laphams unliterary habit of mind for his security in

56、making it, and most other people would consider it sincere reporters rhetoric.1 The narrator includes the fact that Lapham met Bartley “in his private office by previous appointment” to suggest that Lapham _.2. Laphams reaction to Bartleys arrival in his office can best be described as _.3. Bartley

57、informs Lapham that he is an orphan himself for all the following reasons EXCEPT: _.4. According to Bartleys sketch of Lapham, Silas credits his parents with _.5. Throughout the passage, Bartleys attitude toward Lapham can best be described as one of _.问题1选项A.managed to squeeze Barley into a busy sc

58、hedule of appointmentsB.has hired an office staff to attend to the details of the businessC.wishes to enhance his image and statusD.knows that Bartley plans to ask him personal questions问题2选项A.antagonistic; he takes an instant dislike to BartleyB.casual; he wants to appear an easygoing fellow and la

59、id backC.cordial; he treats Bartley like a welcome guestD.indifferent; he has more pressing matters to attend to问题3选项A.to insinuate that Laphams deprivations were not uniqueB.to win Laphams sympathyC.to establish rapport with LaphamD.to lighten up the conversation问题4选项A.bestowing on him an honest an

60、d open personalityB.motivating him to succeed in lifeC.exposing him to the Old Testament and Poor Richards AlmanacD.toughening him up for a career as a businessman问题5选项A.cynicismB.resentmentC.contemptD.Ingratitude【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】1. The narrator includes the fact that Lapham

61、met Bartley “in his private office by previous appointment” to suggest that Lapham _. 1 叙述者描述了拉帕姆与巴特利“在他的私人办公室会面”的事实，以此暗示拉帕姆_。A. managed to squeeze Barley into a busy schedule of appointments A. 设法把巴利挤进了繁忙的会议日程中B. has hired an office staff to attend to the details of the business B. 已雇用办公室职员来处理业务细节C

62、. wishes to enhance his image and status C. 希望提升自己的形象和地位D. knows that Bartley plans to ask him personal questions D. 知道巴特利打算问他一些私人问题【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段“当巴特利哈伯德代替报纸上的项目发起人去采访塞拉斯拉帕姆的波士顿的好人系列时，拉帕姆按照事先的约定在他的私人办公室里接待了他”，由此可推断，在私人办公室进行的采访肯定会涉及一些私人问题，并且下文对于他们两个谈话的描述也可以看出，巴特利采访涉及到了拉帕姆从出生开始到以后的事情，所以该题选择D项“知道巴特利打算问他一些私人问题”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“设法把巴利挤进了繁忙的会议日程中”和C项“希望提升自己的形象和地位”没有提到，这两项属于无中生有；B项“已雇用办公室职员来处理业务细节”，文中没有提到办公室职员，只提到一个取信的男孩，该项属于无中生有。2.【选项释义】2. Laphams reaction to Bartleys arrival in his office can best be described as _