2022年考博英语-云南大学考前模拟强化练习题98（附答案详解）

《2022年考博英语-云南大学考前模拟强化练习题98（附答案详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-云南大学考前模拟强化练习题98（附答案详解）（46页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-云南大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题These（ ）salespersons of insurance will be introduced to relevant regulations and business strategies.问题1选项A.prospectiveB.perspectiveC.respectiveD.protective【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prospective“未来的、预期的”；B选项perspective “透视的”；C选项respective“分别的、各自的”；D选项protective“保护的”，句意为：

2、本课程将向这些保险业务人员介绍相关法规和业务策略。因此A选项符合题意。2. 单选题Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed （1）extending mans knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions（2）from university to university, accor

3、ding to the views of the people in（3） and according to the resources available.The smaller and newer universities do not（4）the staff or equipment to carry out the（5） research projects possible in larger institutions.（6） most experts agree that some research activity is（7） to keep the staff and their

4、 students in （8） with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to（9） the knowledge needed for their chosen（10）. Educationists believe that this aim should not be the（11） one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women（12） judgment and wisdom as

5、well as knowledge.For this reason, they（13） students to meet others with differing（14）and to read widely to（15） their understanding in many fields of study.（16） a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own（17） . He should be pre

6、pared to（18）every effort to study his chosen（19） in depth. He should have an ambition to make some（20） contribution to mans knowledge.问题1选项A.atB.byC.toD.in问题2选项A.turnsB.rangeC.movesD.varies问题3选项A.prospectB.placeC.controlD.favor问题4选项A.occupyB.possessC.involveD.spare问题5选项A.maximumB.mediumC.virtualD.va

7、st问题6选项A.ButB.AsC.WhileD.For问题7选项A.naturalB.essentialC.functionalD.optional问题8选项A.coordinationB.accordanceC.touchD.grasp问题9选项A.acquireB.acceptC.endureD.ensure问题10选项A.processionB.professionC.possessionD.preference问题11选项A.typicalB.trueC.mereD.only问题12选项A.withB.underC.onD.through问题13选项A.promptB.provoke

8、C.encourageD.anticipate问题14选项A.historiesB.expressions.C.interestsD.curiosities问题15选项A.broadenB.lengthenC.enforceD.specify问题16选项A.amidB.afterC.overD.upon问题17选项A.objectB.courseC.effectD.sake问题18选项A.takeB.makeC.sufferD.pay问题19选项A.fieldB.scopeC.targetD.goal问题20选项A.radicalB.truthfulC.meaningfulD.initial【

9、答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D第6题:A第7题:B第8题:C第9题:A第10题:B第11题:D第12题:A第13题:C第14题:C第15题:A第16题:D第17题:D第18题:B第19题:A第20题:B【解析】（1）考查固定搭配。动词aim后面一般可以跟两个介词，aim at或者aim to，如果是后者的话，后面的动词应该用动词原形，根据extending可知此处用at, aim at “针对；旨在”,因此选项A符合题意。（2）考查动词词组。空格处所在句子的大意是：不同大学对这些功能的重视程度不一样。vary from to “因而异”，选项D符合题意。（3）考查固定

10、搭配。the people in charge “负责人”，选项C符合题意。（4）考查动词词义辨析。句子缺少一个谓语动词，主语是universities, 宾语是the staff or requirement，根据主语跟宾语的关系，可知possess “拥有”符合要求。（5）考查形容词词义辨析。maximum “最高的；最多的”；medium “中间的，中等的”；virtual “实质上的”；vast “巨大的，大量的”。Smaller and newer universities (小规模并且是新建的大学)与后文的larger institutions (较大的机构)形成对比，空格处是较大

11、机构做的事情，因此选项D符合题意。（6）考查逻辑连接词。空格处需根据上下文填入一个逻辑连接词。前面提到新建的小规模的大学因缺乏人力物力无法做大量的研究项目，后面提到大部分专家认为科研很重要，二者是有一个转折关系，选项A符合题意。（7）考查固定搭配。natural “自然的”；essential “基本的，必要的”；functional “功能的”；optional “可选择的，随意的”。空格处所在句子的大意是：大部分专家认为搞科研对于教师和学生及时了解最新信息非常，由此可知，科研对于教师和学生来说是非常有必要的, be essential to “对很有必要”，选项B符合题意。（8）考查固定搭

12、配。搞科研是为了让教师和学生能够及时了解最新的信息，keep in touch with为固定搭配，意思是 “与.保持联系”。选项C符合题意。（9）考查动词词义辨析。acquire “获得，取得”；accept “接受”；endure “忍耐”；ensure “确保”。所填动词后面的宾语是knowledge (知识)，acquire knowledge 搭配恰当，“获得知识”符合题意。（10）考查名词词义辨析。procession “队伍，行列”；profession“职业，专业”；possession “拥有；财产”；preference “偏爱，倾向”。前半句提到获取知识，后半句提及“他们

13、选择的”，根据语境可知选项B符合题意。（11）考查形容词词义辨析。后文提到大学的目的是教育具有判断力和智慧、知识的男女，说明目的不止一个，选项D符合题意。（12）考查介词词义辨析。空格前面提到 men and women，后面是 judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge, 前者与后者是所属关系，用介词with。（13）考查动词词义辨析。prompt “促进”；provoke “驱使；激怒”；encourage “鼓励，怂恿”；anticipate “预料，预期”。前文提到教育的目的不只一个，所以学校鼓励学生去结交那些兴趣不同的朋友，选项C符合题意。（14

14、）考查名词词义辨析。history “历史”；expression“表达”；interest “兴趣爱好”；curiosity “好奇心”。“学校鼓励学生去结交那些兴趣不同的朋友”，因此选项C符合题意。（15）考查动词词义辨析。broaden “扩大”；lengthen “使延长”；enforce “实施”；specify “指定，详细说明”。前面提到结交兴趣不同的朋友，会使得他们在研究领域的理解“扩大”。选项A符合题意。（16）考查介词词义辨析。需要填入一个表时间的介词，on a secondary school course “在中学课程时”，因此选项D符合题意。（17）考查固定搭配。fo

15、r ones own sake “为了自己的利益”。选项D符合题意。（18）考查固定搭配。make effort to do “努力做”，选项B符合题意。（19）考查名词词义辨析。field “领域”；scope “范围”；target “目标”；goal “目标”。空格处所在句子的大意是：深入研究他所在的领域。选项A符合题意。（20）考查形容词词义辨析。radical “根本的”；truthful “真实的，诚实的”；meaningful “有意义的”；initial “最初的”。空格处所在句子的大意是：他应该有抱负去为人类的知识做出真实的贡献。选项B符合题意。3. 单选题The accid

16、ent occurred when a van （ ）on the snow-covered road and bumped into a car that was not able to steer away in time owing also to the snow.问题1选项A.skiddedB.slidC.glidedD.slipped【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：事故发生时，一辆面包车在积雪覆盖的路上打滑，撞上了一辆由于下雪无法及时躲开的小汽车。选项A “打滑”符合题意。4. 单选题（ ） three basic issues of financial bonds: cor

17、porations, states, and municipalities.问题1选项A.Some ofB.There areC.There beingD.Those of which【答案】B【解析】语法题。根据固定句型there be “有”，表示存在，可排除A和D项，又因为整个句子缺主谓，所以不能用非谓语形式，可排除C项。句意：金融债券有三种基本发行方式:公司债券、国家债券和市政债券。选项B符合题意。5. 写作题Directions: Choose one of the two topics to develop an essay of about 300 words.1.At pres

18、ent, Chinas reform of the supply-side structure, or the supply front structure reform is a comprehensive strategic development that involves industry, macro control capital and the fiscal and taxation systems. How do you understand the supply front structure reform? How do you think it influences yo

19、ur career? How do you think it affects the reform of education?2.The idea “craftsmanship” or “the spirit of craftsman” occurs in the Report on the Work of the Government delivered at the 13th National peoples Congress by premier Li Keqiang. How do you understand the spirit of craftsman? How do you t

20、hink it influences your career? How do you think it affects the reform of education?【答案】略6. 单选题In finance, opportunity cost analysis refers to the amount that could have been made in other investments（ ） the expected investment return.问题1选项A.compared inB.as comparingC.comparedD.compared with【答案】D【解析

21、】语法（分词做状语）题。分析题干结构可知，空格后的“the expected investment return预计投资收益”在原句中充当状语成分，它的逻辑主语是the amount,需要用表示被动的过去分词，排除B选项；固定搭配be compared with，表示“与相比”，所以D选项正确。7. 单选题With this sensitive machine, we can find the （ ）of a milligram of aspirin in an Olympic-size swimming pool.问题1选项A.counterpartB.equivalentC.average

22、D.installation【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。A选项counterpart “对应的事物，副本”;B选项equivalent “ （价值、数量、意义、重要性等）相等的”；C选项average “平均数，平均水平”；D选项installation“安装，就职”。题目强调的是与游泳池中的一毫克的阿司匹林相等重量的物质， 所以B选项。8. 单选题Id （ ）his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or no

23、t to approve a loan.问题1选项A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make out【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项take into account“考虑、顾及”；B选项account for“说明、解释”；C选项make up for“补偿、填补”；D选项make out“理解、辨认”，句意为：我想知道他在当地其他农民和商人中的声望，然后决定是否批准贷款。D选项符合句意，因此选D。9. 单选题NASA is casting a net in the space shuttle investigation a

24、s to what caused the spacecraft to swing out of control and（ ）moments before it was to land.问题1选项A.disassembleB.disembarkC.neglectedD.discarded【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项disassemble“拆开、分散”；B选项disembark“登陆、上岸”；C选项neglected“忽视、疏忽”；D选项discarded“丢弃”，句意为：美国国家航空航天局正在对航天飞机展开调查，以查明是什么原因导致航天飞机在着陆前失控。B选项符合句意。10. 单选题F

25、or the people who have never traveled across the Atlantic the voyage is a fantasy. But for the people who cross it frequently one crossing of the Atlantic is very much like another, and they do not make the voyage for the （1） of its interest. Most of us are quite happy when we feel（2） to go to bed a

26、nd pleased when the journey（3） .On the first night this time I felt especially lazy and went to bed（4） earlier than usual. When I（5） my cabin, I was surprised（6） that I was to have a companion during my trip, which made me feel a little unhappy. I had expected（7） but there was a suitcase（8） mine in

27、the opposition corner. I wondered who he could be and what he would be like. Soon afterwards he came in. He was the sort of man you might meet（9） , except that he was wearing（10） good clothes that I made up my mind that we would not（11） whoever he was and did not say（12） . As I had expected, he did

28、not talk to me either but went to bed immediately.I suppose I slept for several hours because when I woke up it was already the middle of the night. I felt cold but covered（13） as well as I could and tries to go back to sleep. Then I realized that a（14） was coming from the window opposite. I thought

29、 perhaps I had forgotten（15）the door, so I got up（16）the door but found it already locked from the inside. The cold air was coming from the window opposite. I crossed the room and（17） the moon shone through it on to the other bed.（18） there. It took me a minute or two to（19） the door myself. I reali

30、zed that my companion（20） through the window into the sea.问题1选项A.reasonB.motiveC.causeD.sake问题2选项A.tired enoughB.enough tiredC.enough tiringD.enough tiring问题3选项A.achievedB.finishC.is overD.is in the end问题4选项A.quiteB.ratherC.fairlyD.somehow问题5选项A.arrived inB.reached toC.arrived toD.reached at问题6选项A.f

31、or seeingB.that I sawC.at seeingD.to see问题7选项A.being lonelyB.to be lonelyC.being aloneD.to be alone问题8选项A.likeB.asC.similar thanD.the same that问题9选项A.in each placeB.for all partsC.somewhereD.anywhere问题10选项A.a soB.soC.such aD.such问题11选项A.treat together wellB.pass together wellC.get on well togetherD.

32、go by well together问题12选项A.him a single wordB.him not one wordC.a single word to himD.not one word to him问题13选项A.up meB.up myselfC.up to myselfD.myself up问题14选项A.draftB.voiceC.airD.sound问题15选项A.to closeB.closingC.to have to closeD.for closing问题16选项A.to shutB.for shuttingC.in shuttingD.but shut问题17选项

33、A.while doing like thatB.as I did like thatC.as I did soD.at doing so问题18选项A.It was no oneB.There was no oneC.It was anyoneD.There was anyone问题19选项A.remind to lockB.remember to lockC.remind lockingD.remember locking问题20选项A.has to jumpB.was to have jumpedC.must have jumpedD.could be jumped.【答案】第1题:D第

34、2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A第6题:D第7题:D第8题:A第9题:D第10题:D第11题:C第12题:C第13题:D第14题:A第15题:A第16题:A第17题:C第18题:B第19题:D第20题:C【解析】（1）固定搭配。For the reason of “原因是”；for the motivate of “动机是”；for the cause of “原因是”；for the sake of “为了”。句意：他们航行不是为了自己的兴趣。选项D符合题意。（2）语法题。Tired “疲劳的”，修饰人；tiring “令人疲劳的”，修饰物。主语是we，所以排除C和D项。又因为enou

35、gh修饰形容词需要后置，选项A符合题意。句意：当我们感到非常疲倦而上床睡觉时，大多数人都是愉快的。（3）动词词义辨析。Achieve “达到”；finish “结束”；is over “结束”；没有搭配 be in the end。句意：当旅途结束的时候。因为句子的主语为the journey，根据主谓一致原则，谓语需用第三人称单数，选项A和B可排除。选项C符合题意。（4）副词词义辨析。Quite “相当”；rather “相当”；fairly “公平地”；somehow “以某种方式，不知为何”。因为空格后为earlier形容词的比较级，rather可修饰比较级，句意：第一天晚上，我觉得特别

36、懒，比平时更早上床睡觉。选项B符合题意。（5）词组辨析。Arrive in “到达”；arrive to “达成”；reach为及物动词，后接宾语不需要介词。句意：当我到达船舱。选项A符合题意。（6）固定搭配。根据固定搭配be surprised at doing “看到某事正惊讶”, be surprised to do “惊讶地看到某事”, be surprised that “惊讶于”，可排除选项A。句意：我很惊讶地看到，将有一个同伴和我一同旅行，这使我感到有点不开心。选项D符合题意。（7）固定搭配。根据固定搭配expect to do sth. “期待做某事”，可排除A和C项。Lone

37、ly “孤独的”，强调内心感到孤独。Alone “单独的，一个人的”，不强调内心感受。句意：我期待一个的独处。选项D符合题意。（8）固定搭配。没有固定搭配similar than和the same that，所以C和D项可排除。Like和as都表示“像”，like 后接名词和短语，as后接从句。句意：在对面的角落里有一个和我一样的手提箱。选项A符合题意。（9）副词词义辨析。in each place “在每个地方”；for all parts “对于所有部分”；somewhere “在某处”；anywhere “在任何地方”。句意：他是那种你在任何地方都可能遇到的人。选项D符合题意。（10）根

38、据固定搭配so + adj./adv. + a/an + 名词，such + a/an + adj./adv. + 名词，因为clothes为复数，所以其前无需用冠词，选项A和C可排除。So短语的中心为形容词或副词，such短语中心词为名词。选项D符合题意。句意：他穿着如此好的衣服。（11）固定搭配。根据固定搭配get on well together “与相处愉快”。句意：我打定主意我们不能在一起和睦相处。选项C符合题意。（12）固定搭配，根据固定搭配say sth. to sb. “跟某人说某话”，选项A和B可排除。又因为空格前已经含有否定词not，所以这里无需再用否定。句意：不跟他说一句

39、话。选项C符合题意。（13）固定搭配，根据固定搭配cover up “盖住”，可排除选项C。又因为cover up为副词短语，宾语为名词，可放中间也可放后面，宾语为代词，只能放中间，所以正确表达应为cover myself up。句意：我把我自己盖住。选项D符合题意。（14）名词词义辨析。Draft “草稿，小股气流”；voice “人说话的声音”；air “空气”；sound “大自然的声音”。根据下文The cold air was coming from the window opposite，“冷空气从对面的窗户进来”，可知空格中应该填入的意思为“气流，空气”，选项B和D可排除。又因为

40、冠词a，所以选项C可排除。句意：小股风从窗户进来。选项A符合题意。（15）固定搭配。根据固定搭配forget to do “忘记去做某事（未做）”；forget doing “忘记做过某事（已做）”。文章强调忘记关窗，未关窗，所以选项C和B可排除。因为没有搭配forget for，选项D可排除。句意：我认为我可能忘记关门了。选项A符合题意。（16）语法题。根据文意，可知作者起床的目的是关 门，介词to可表目的，句意：我认为我可能忘记关门了，于是我起床去关门。选项A符合题意。（17）语法题。根据文意，表达的是“当我穿过房间的时候”，所以空格填入一个时间状语从句，at不能引导时间状从，选项D可排除

41、。又因为while引导时间状从，强调动作发生的延续性，通常为进行式，as引导时间状从可作为主句动作发生的背景。句意：当我穿过房间的时候，我看到月光透过窗户照到另外一张床上。选项C符合题意。（18）语法题。根据文章，表达的意思是“没有人”，所以选用there be 句型表示“有，存在”。选项A和C可排除。又因为no one “没有人”；anyone “任何人”，选项D可排除。句意：没有人在那儿。选项B符合题意。（19）固定搭配。根据固定搭配remember to do “记得去做某事（未做）”；remember doing “记得做过某事”。没有搭配remind to do和remind doi

42、ng，选项A和C可排除。根据上文“I got up to close the door, but found it already locked from the inside”，可知我起身要关上门，却发现门已经从里面锁上了。所以这里要表达的意思是记“想起来我自己关了门”，选项B可排除。句意：我花了一两分钟才想起自己已经锁门的事。选项D符合题意。（20）语法题。固定搭配have to jump “不得不跳”；was to have done “本将跳”；must have jumped “一定已经跳了”；could be jumped “本可能跳了”。根据文意，表达的意思是推测我的同伴一定是从

43、窗户跳进了海里。所以是对过去发生事情的肯定推测，用must have done。句意：我意识到我的同伴一定是从窗户跳进了海里。选项C符合题意。11. 单选题When the lawyer asked him his reason for the divorcee he replied that he could no longer bear her carping（ ）him about his drinking too much.问题1选项A.onB.toC.atD.for【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。carp at sb. “对某人挑剔”。句意：当律师问他离婚的原因时，他回答不能再忍受她

44、挑剔他酗酒。选项C符合题意。12. 单选题Naturally, in a group of animals as diverse as the snakes, and with so many varied enemies, there are numerous defensive reactions and devices. There is, however, one general pattern of behavior, in the presence of a suspected enemy the first reaction is to try to escape observa

45、tion; if this fails, the next resort is flight to some inaccessible retreat, but if this is not possible, or is circumvented, various kinds of intimidatory gestures and warning devices are brought into play; in the last resort the snake attacks. This pattern varies with the circumstances; some stage

46、s may be omitted or combined unpredictably whilst; some notoriously irascible species may dispense with all the preliminaries and attack almost at once, though seldom or never without some provocation.Amongst the factors that increase aggressiveness are hunger, the mating season and surprise, with t

47、he last mentioned the commonest; when hunting for food or for mates, activity and the aggressive instinct are both at their peak, but it is when it is caught unawares that the normal chain of re-actions tends to become telescoped. Owing to their poor sense of hearing, snakes are very liable to be, q

48、uite literally, caught napping and a similar situation arises during their periods of temporary blindness just before sloughing begins. By far the greatest number of snake-bite accidents result from the unwitting disturbance of resting snakes, and this hazard is much increased with species that are

49、well camouflaged and whose natural instinct is to trust to this concealment as their principal defense. As well as differences in aggressiveness between individuals of the same species according to the circumstances and conditions, there are also notable differences between species, even closely all

50、ied species; and the reports of those who have been attacked may understandably be lacking in objectivity. So it is impossible to forecast, even in outline, how any encounter will develop.The Hamadryad, for example, is usually credited with being amongst the most aggressive of snakes, and there are

51、many accounts of unprovoked attacks, yet on one occasion fourteen men and seven dogs passed and returned within two yards from a nest and no snake was seen although the female, which guards the nest, could not have been far away.1.When a snake meets a potential enemy, its primary device is（ ）.2.By “

52、dispense with all the preliminaries” (the last sentence, Para. l.), the author most probably means that（ ）.3.A snake is most aggressive when（ ）.4.It is difficult to predict what would happen when a snake meets a man because（ ）.5.The author uses the example in the last paragraph to support his idea t

53、hat（ ）.问题1选项A.avoiding any observationB.finding a safe shelterC.giving a warning threatD.starting a quick问题2选项A.the snakes combine all the previous three steps.B.the snakes give up all the previous steps.C.the snakes follow all the previous steps one by one.D.the snakes reverse the order of all the

54、previous steps.问题3选项A.it meets a possible enemyB.it is caught when it is sleeping or sloughingC.it is disturbed unknowinglyD.it seeks a partner in the mating season问题4选项A.no one has ever clearly known how he himself was bitB.man tends to be subjective when he describes his encounter with a snakeC.th

55、e aggressiveness of the snakes diversifies according to different situationsD.a snake does not begin to attack without provocation问题5选项A.snakes do not begin the aggressive act if it is not disturbedB.some snakes are more aggressive and more ready to attackC.it is hard to forecast whether and how sna

56、kes would attackD.snakes often conceal themselves as their principal defense【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。定位到文章第一段，“in the presence of suspected enemy the first reaction is to try to escape observation”，在可疑的敌人面前，第一反应是设法逃过观察。由此可知蛇第一装置是逃避任何的观察，因此选项A正确。2.事实细节题。定位到文章最后一段，“some stages may be o

57、mitted or combined unpredictably whilst; some notoriously irascible species may dispense with all the preliminaries and attack almost at once”，一些阶段可能被省略或合并不可预测，而一些臭名昭著的暴躁物种可能免除所有的准备，几乎一下子攻击。由此可知，蛇会放弃所有步骤直接攻击。因此选项B正确。3.推理判断题。定位到文章第二段，“when hunting for food or for mates, activity and the aggressive in

58、stinct are both at their peak.”当寻找食物或配偶时，活跃性和攻击性的本能都达到了顶峰，因此选项D符合题意。4.推理判断题。定位到文章第二段，“As well as differences in aggressiveness between individuals of the same species according to the circumstances and conditions, there are also notable differences between species, even closely allied species”除了同一物种

59、的个体在攻击能力上因环境和条件的不同而存在差异外，物种之间，甚至亲缘关系密切的物种之间也存在显著差异。由此可知，蛇应对不同的情况会呈现出不同的应对反应，因此蛇遇见人而做出的反应是难以预测的。选项C正确。5.推理判断题。定位到文章最后一段，“yet on one occasion fourteen men and seven dogs passed and returned within two yards from a nest and no snake was seen although the female, which guards the nest, could not have be

60、en far away”，但有一次，14个人和7条狗在离一个巢穴两码的地方经过并返回，尽管雌蛇没有出现。守护鸟巢的鸟儿，不可能离得太远。由此可知蛇没有被打扰是不会进行应激行为的。因此选项A正确。13. 单选题The construction of and theories reflects the scientists interpretation of （ ）what has been observed.问题1选项A.prototypesB.hypothesesC.fantasiesD.imaginations【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析A选项prototype“原型，雏形”；B选项hypothesis “假说，假设”；C选项fantasy “幻想，空想”；D选项imagination “想象力，想象”；根据由and连接与空格所填词语并列的theories可以确定，题干强调的是“研究的假设和理论”，所以B选项正确。