2022年考博英语-复旦大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷6

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1、2022年考博英语-复旦大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题I would have come to see you had it been possible, but I（ ）so busy then.问题1选项A.had beenB.wasC.wereD.would be【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。与过去事实相反，主句用would have done，从句用一般过去式，选项B符合题意。2. 单选题Her cinematic debut was（ ）and she decided to return to the theatre where she remained fo

2、r the rest of her career.问题1选项A.indelibleB.infallibleC.incredulousD.inauspicious【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。indelible“难忘的”；infallible“绝对可靠的”；incredulous“怀疑的，不轻信的”；inauspicious“不详的”。句意：她在电影中的初次登场让人难忘，所以决定重新回到影坛来继续她的事业。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题Western medicine, （ ）science and practiced by people with academic internation

3、ally accepted medical degrees，is only one of many systems of healing.问题1选项A.rooted inB.originated fromC.trapped inD.indulged in【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。root in “来源于，起因于”；originate from “发源于，起源于”；trap in “受困于”；indulge in “沉溺于”。句意：西药从科学发展而来，通过人们的实践获得国际认定的医学地位，它只是众多治疗系统中的一种。originate from 指一般意义上的来源于某地。root in

4、有“扎根于，根植于”的意思。所以选项A更恰当。4. 翻译题世界博览会是展示人类灵感和思想的长廊。自从1851年在伦敦举办的“万国工业博览会”， 世界博览会作为经济、科技和文化的盛大交流活动，取得了日益重大的意义。它是一个重要的平 台，在此之上各国展示发展经验，交流创新理念，发扬团队精神，共同展望未来。中国有着悠久的文明，一直促进国际交流并热爱世界和平。中国赢得2010年世界博览会， 靠的是国际社会对中国改革开放的支持和信心。本次博览会将会是第一个在发展中国家举办的世 博会，这也寄予了全球人民对中国未来发展的美好期待。2010年世博会将着重探讨21世纪城市生活的潜力。预计在2010年将有55%的

5、世界人口居 住在城市。未来的城市生活，是全球关注的话题。作为第一个以城市为主题的博览会，2010年 博览会将会吸引世界各国政府和人民关注“更美好的城市，更美好的生活”的主题。2010年世博会也将会成为一次国际盛会。我们将促使更多国家和人们参与，获得他们的支 持和理解，使2010世博会成为全世界人民的欢乐聚会。Put the following passage into English.【答案】World Exposition is galleries of human inspirations and thoughts. After the Great Exhibition of 1851 i

6、n London, the World Exposition has achieved great significance as a grand event for economy, technology and culture exchanges. It serves as an important platform for displaying historical experience, exchanging innovative ideas, developing team spirit and looking into the future.China, with a long h

7、istory of civilization, promotes international exchange and loves world peace. China owes its successful bid for the World Exposition in 2010 to the international communitys support and confidence in its reform and opening-up. The Exposition will be the first registered World Exposition in a develop

8、ing country, which wins global peoples expectations for Chinas future.Shanghai World Expo 2010 will focus on the full potential of urban life in the 21st century. Fifty-five percent of the world population is expected to live in cities by the year of 2010. The prospect of future urban life is a topi

9、c of global interest. Being the first one on the theme of city, Shanghai World Expo will attract governments and people all over the world to focusing on the theme “Better City, Better Life”.Shanghai World Expo 2010 will be a grand international gathering. We will put Shanghai Expo 2010 in a global

10、perspective and do our best to encourage the participation and gain the understanding and support of various countries and people, in order to turn Shanghai World Expo into a happy reunion of people from all over the world.5. 填空题A considerable amount of medical research is aimed at identifying risk

11、factors for disease. The rationale behind this work is that where people are informed of their risk, they will happily change their behavior to lower that risk. （ 1 ）this is certainly a reasonable assumption, it turns out that things are not quite that simple and straightforward. First of all, healt

12、h is not necessarily a top priority in everyones life and, for these people, changing behavior in the interests of health may interfere（ 2 ）other, more important matters. Second, the benefits to be derived （ 3 ） such changes rarely are immediate or obvious. Usually, improvements in health take place

13、 over long periods of time and are quite subtle. （ 4 ）, we are all so bombarded with information about the thousands of health hazards to which we are exposed （ 5 ） most of us “tune out” much of this information. This latter issue is compounded by the fact that much of new information to which we ar

14、e exposed through the media is exaggerated and, as often as not, is contradicted later by even “newer” information. For these and other reasons, simply knowing about a risk does not necessarily ensure that people will take appropriate steps to（6）it.（7） when people want to change their behavior, this

15、 is not easy to do. For example, the overwhelming majority of smokers in this country want to quit, but （ 8 ） great effort very few are able to do so. Most smokers acknowledge, at some level, that health hazards associated with smoking and most wish that there were a simple and painless way to stop.

16、 （ 9 ） the number of people who want to lose weight is very large, but few of these people are able to do it and even（10）are able to maintain such weight losses.【答案】1.Although2.with3.from4.meanwhile5.to6.change7.even8.make9.and10.none【解析】1.考查前后逻辑关系。空格所处的句子后半句跟前半句有转折关系，所以应该填入转折连词。2.考查固定搭配。interfere“（

17、利害、要求等）抵触，冲突”，常与with连用。3.考查固定搭配。be derived from是固定搭配，意思是“来自，从而产生出来的”。4.考查前后逻辑关系。空格所在的句子和前面的句子是并列关系，填入的词与后面用逗号隔开，meanwhile符合题意。5.考查固定搭配。be exposed to是固定搭配，意思是“暴露”。6.考查上下文语境。空格后面的it指的是“behavior”， 文章第二句、第四句都提到了change behavior， 所以空格处应该填change。7.考查前后逻辑关系。空格所在的句子与后半句this is not easy to do构成让步假设，所以even（即使）

18、符合题意。8.考查固定搭配。make effort “做出努力”。9.考查前后逻辑关系。空格所在的句子举了减肥的例子佐证作者的观点，与前面的句子是并列的关系。所以and符合题意。10.考查上下文语义。句意：很多人想减肥，但是只有少数人能做到，甚至没有人能够坚持减肥。空格所处的句子需要一个主语，所以none符合题意。6. 单选题Mississippi also upholds the Souths well-deserved reputation for warm, hospitable people；balmy year-round weather and truly（ ）cuisine.问题

19、1选项A.destructiveB.horribleC.amiableD.delectable【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。destructive “破坏性的”；horrible “可怕的”；amiable “亲切的”； delectable “美味的”。空格处用来修饰cuisine （烹饪）这个单词，前文是讲密西西比为什么这么出名，所以选项D符合题意。7. 单选题There is nothing in his _ that suggests he is contented with his life.问题1选项A.demeanorB.statureC.resonanceD.fidelit

20、y【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。demeanor“行为，举止”；stature“身高，身材”；resonance“共鸣”；fidelity“忠诚”。句意：没有任何行为可以表明他对妻子感到满意。选项A符合题意。8. 单选题Mrs. Brown is supposed（ ）for Italy last week.问题1选项A.to leaveB.to be leavingC.to have leftD.to have been left【答案】C【解析】考查suppose的用法。时间状语是last week，说明是为了强调过去的时间，所以应该用完成时，Brown女士是主动离开，所以选项C符合

21、题意。9. 单选题Britains Channel Four television sent him to New York to do a(n) （ ）interview for its “The Word” programme.问题1选项A.aliveB.livelyC.liveD.living【答案】C【解析】考查形似词词义辨析。alive“活着的”；lively“活泼的”；live“实况转播的”；living“活的；现存的”。句意：英国第四频道电视栏目送他去纽约为他们的“世界”栏目做现场采访。选项C符合题意。10. 单选题On January, 11th, 2009, a remark

22、able legal case opens in a San Francisco courtroom on its way, it seems almost certain, to the Supreme Court. Perry v. Schwarzenegger challenges the constitutionality of Proposition 8, the California referendum that, in November, 2008, overturned a State Supreme Court decision allowing same-sex coup

23、les to marry. Its lead lawyers are unlikely allies: Theodore B. Olson, the former solicitor general under President George W. Bush, and a prominent conservative; and David Boies, the Democratic trial lawyer who was his opposing counsel in Bush v. Gore. The two are mounting an ambitious case that poi

24、ntedly circumvents the incremental, narrowly crafted legal gambits and the careful state-by-state strategy that leading gay-rights organizations have championed in the fight for marriage equality. The Olson Boies team hopes for a ruling that will transform the legal and social landscape nationwide,

25、something on the order of Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, or Loving v. Virginia the landmark 1967 Supreme Court ruling that invalidated laws prohibiting interracial marriage.Olsons interest in this case has puzzled quite a few people. Whats in it for him? Is he sincere? Does he really think he

26、can sway the current Course? But when I spoke with Olson, who is sixty-nine, in early December, he sounded confident and impassioned; the case clearly fascinated him both as an intellectual challenge and as a way to make history. “The loving case was forty-two years ago.” he said, perched on the edg

27、e of his chair in the law offices of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher in Washington DC, where he is a partner, “Its inconceivable to us there days to say that a couple of a different racial background cant get married.” Olson wore a brightly striped shirt and a paisley tie, without a jacket; there was someth

28、ing folksy in his speech,which reminded me that hes a Westerner, who grew up and was educated in Northern California. He said, “Separate is not equal. Civil unions and domestic partnerships are not the same as marriage. Were not inventing any new right, or creating a new right, or asking the courts

29、to recognize a new right. The Supreme Court has said over and over and over again that marriages is a fundamental right and although our opponents say, Well, thats always been involving a man and a woman. When the Supreme Court has talked about it theyve said its an associational right, its a libert

30、y right, its a privacy right, and its an expression of your identity, which is all wrapped up in the Constitution.” The Justices of the Supreme Court, Olson said, “are individuals who will consider this seriously, and give it good attention,” and he was optimistic that he could persuade them. (The l

31、osing side in San Francisco will likely appeal to the Ninth Circuit, and from there the case could proceed to the Supreme Court.) Olsons self-assurance has a sound basis: he has argued fifty-six cases before the high court he was one of the busiest lawyers before the Supreme Court bench last year an

32、d prevailed in forty-four of them. Justices Sandra Day OConnor and Anthony Kennedy attended his wedding three years ago, in Napa. Olson said that he wanted the gay-marriage case to be a “teaching opportunity, so people will listen to us talk about the importance of treating people with dignity and r

33、espect and equality and affection and love and to stop discriminating against people on the basis of sexual orientation”.If the Perry case succeeds before the Supreme Court, it could mean that gay marriage would be permitted not only in California but in every state. And, if the Court recognized hom

34、osexuals as indistinguishable from heterosexuals for the purposes of marriage law, it would be hard,if not impossible, to uphold any other laws that discriminated against people on the basis of sexual orientation.However, a loss for Olson and Boies could be a major setback to the movement for marria

35、ge equality. Soon after Olson and Boies filed the case,last May,some leading gay-rights organizations among them the A. C. L. U., Human Rights Campaign, Lambda Legal, and the National Center for lesbian Rights issued a statement condemning such efforts. The odds of success for a suit werent good, th

36、e groups said, because the “Supreme Court typically does not get too far ahead of either public opinion or the law in the majority of states.” The legal precedent that these groups were focused on wasnt Loving v. Virginia but,rather,Bowers v. Hardwick, the 1936 Supreme Court decision that stunned ga

37、y-rights advocates by upholding Georgias antiquated law against sodomy. It was seventeen years before the Court was willing to revisit the issue, in Lawrence v. Texas, though by then only thirteen states still had anti-sodomy statutes; this time, the Court overturned the laws, with a 6-3 vote and an

38、 acerbic dissent from Justice Antonin Scalia, who declared that the Court had aligned itself with the “homosexual agenda,” adding, “Many Americans do not want persons who openly engage in homosexual conduct as partners in their business, as scoutmasters for their children, as teachers in their child

39、rens schools, or as boarders in their home. They view this as protecting themselves and their families from a lifestyle that they believe to be immoral and destructive.”Seventeen years was a long time to wait. “A loss now may make it harder to go to court later,” the activists statement read. “It wi

40、ll take us a lot longer to get a good Supreme Court decision if the Court has to overrule itself.” Besides, the groups argued, “We lost the right to marry in California at the ballot box. Thats where we need to win it back.” Plenty of gay-marriage supporters agreed that it was smarter to wait until

41、the movement had been successful in more states and, possibly,the composition of the Supreme Court had shifted. (During the last year of a second Obama term, Scalia would be eighty-one.)1.The first sentence of Paragraph 1 means（ ）.2.The word “unlikely” in the sentence “Its lead lawyers are unlikely

42、alliesof Paragraph 1 means（ ）.3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?4.Some leading gay-rights organizations did not support the case because（ ）.5.The most suitable title of the passage would be （）问题1选项A.the San Francisco court cannot make the final decisionB.only the Supreme

43、 Court has the authority to rule for or against the caseC.its very hard to win the case for same-sex marriage in the San Francisco court and probably they would have to field the case in the Supreme CourtD.they would certainly win the case for same-sex marriage in the Supreme Court问题2选项A.dissimilarB

44、.unreliableC.unimaginableD.unthinkable问题3选项A.TheodoreB.Olson was confident about the case because the Supreme Court once invalidated laws prohibiting interracial marriage.B.The Supreme Court has said over and over and over again that marriage is a fundamental right， which should be respected.C.The r

45、ight for same-sex marriage has been won in other states except for California.D.There are other laws that discriminated against people on the basis of sexual orientation.问题4选项A.it was impossible to win the caseB.they would have to wait for longer if the case was lost this time as its hard for the su

46、preme Court to overrule itselfC.they did not believe the ability of the leading lawyersD.unlike interracial marriage its harder to get support for same-sex marriage问题5选项A.A Risky ProposalB.Gay Marriage NoC.A monumental MovementD.Fight for Equal Rights【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】第1题:文章第一段第一句提到同性

47、婚姻的案件很有可能（almost certain）提交到最高法院,说明之前这类的案件在下一级的法庭审理过，但是没有胜诉。所以选项C符合题意。第2题:参与此案件的两位律师Theodore B. Olson 和 David Boies 分别是共和党和民主党派人士，按照常理来推断这两位政见完全不同的人是不可能为了同一个目的而统一战线的，所以用了unlikely来说明这个组合是多么让人难以想象。选项C符合题意。第3题:文章第三段第一句If the Perry case succeeds before the Supreme Court, it could mean that gay marriage

48、would be permitted not only in California but in every state提到同性结婚只有在加利福尼亚是合法的，在其他州还没有合法，选项C符合题意。第4题:文章倒数第二段The odds of success for a suit werent good, the groups said, because the “ Supreme Court typically does not get too far ahead of either public opinion or the law in the majority of states. ” 提

49、到这些支持同性恋的机构认为这次诉讼的胜算很小，因为最高法院会尊重大众的意见和大部分州的意见，所以选项B符合题意。第5题:文章主要讲述了各方，包括律师、同性恋组织等对这次案件胜算的预计，尽管以Olson为代表的律师对这次案件很有信心，但是从后文可以看出这是场有风险的诉讼，所以选项A符合题意。11. 单选题We are surprised to find that he has a(n) （ ）streak, with the tendency of remembering the wrongs done to him.问题1选项A.vengefulB.invincibleC.vulnerable

50、D.violent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。vengeful“复仇的，报复的”；invincible“无敌的，不能征服的”；vulnerable“易受攻击的”；violent“暴力的，猛烈的”。句意：我们惊讶地发现他有报复心理，他记着那些做了对不起他的事的人。选项A符合题意。12. 单选题She described the distribution of food and medical supplies as a（ ）nightmare.问题1选项A.paranoidB.putativeC.benignD.logistical【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。paranoid

51、“像偏执狂的；患偏执狂的”；putative“推定的，假定的，被公认的”；benign“（气候）良好的，仁慈的，和蔼的”；logistical“逻辑的，运筹的；后勤方面的”。句意：她把食物分配和医疗供应描述成是一场后勤的噩梦。选项D符合题意。13. 单选题She wore gloves when she was gardening to prevent the nettles from _ her.问题1选项A.flickingB.strikingC.stingingD.flapping【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。flicking“闪烁”；striking“打击，罢工”；stingin

52、g“刺痛”；flapping“拍打”。句意：当她打理花园时，会戴手套，以防荨麻刺痛自己。选项C符合题意。14. 单选题When I was sent to prison, I really felt I had （ ）my parents（ ） .问题1选项A.let.offB.let.downC.let.outD.let.alone【答案】B【解析】考查动词词组辨析。let.off “放出，准许暂停工作，宽恕”；let.down “使失望；辜负”；let.out “放出，泄漏”；let.alone “更不必说”。句意：当我被送进监狱的时候，我真的觉得我让我爸妈失望了。选项B符合题意。15.

53、单选题He saw university as a community of scholars, where students were （ ）by teachers into an appreciation of different philosophical approaches.问题1选项A.extractedB.deductedC.inductedD.conducted【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。extracted “提取”；deducted “扣除，减去；演绎”；inducted “引导；感应”；conducted “管理，引导；表现”。induct 和conduct都有“引导”

54、的意思，但是前者有教授知识的意味，所以选项C符合题意。16. 单选题I am running down an alley with a stolen avocado, having climbed over a white brick fence and into the forbidden back yard of a carefully manicured estate at the comer of El Dorado and Crescent Drive in Beverly Hills, California.I have snatched a rock-hard Fuerte av

55、ocado from one of the three avocado trees near the fence.I have been told that many ferocious dogs patrol the grounds; they are killers, these dogs. I am defying them. They are nowhere to be found, except in my mind, and Im out and gone and in the alley with their growls directing my imagination. I

56、am running with fear and exhilaration, beginning a period of summer.Emerging from the shield of the alley I cut out into the open. Summer is about running, and I am running protected by distance from the dogs. At the comer of Crescent Drive and Lomitas I spot Bobby Tomitzer on a bike. I shout “Tomit

57、zer!” He turns his head. His bike wobbles. An automobile moving rapidly catches Tomitzers back wheel. Tomitzer is thrown high into the air and onto the concrete sidewalk of Crescent Drive. The driver，a woman with gray hair, swirls from the car hysterically and hovers noisily over Tomitzer, who will

58、not survive the accident. I hold the avocado to my chest and stand, frozen, across the street. I am shivering in the heat, and sink to my knees. It is approximately 3:30 in the afternoon. It is June 21,1946. In seven days, I will be 8 years old.1.The best title for this story could be（ ）2.The main i

59、mage in Paragraph 1 is of a young boy（ ）.3.The main image in Paragraph 2 is of（ ）.4.The story start with the feeling of（ ） ,and ends with the feeling of（ ）.5.The phrase “shivering in the heat”( near the end of this passage) dramatically describes shock through （ ）.问题1选项A.SummerB.Killer DogsC.My Eigh

60、th BirthdayD.The Alley问题2选项A.climbing a white brick fencesB.snatching avocadosC.running with fear and exhilarationD.defying ferocious dogs问题3选项A.Tomitzer riding his bikeB.exhilaration turning into horrorC.the 7-year-old emerging from the alleyD.the hysteria of the woman driver问题4选项A.joyful action. h

61、orrified inactionB.running . standingC.being alone. being with othersD.being alone in the open. shivering in the heat问题5选项A.the use of minute detailB.the unexpected combination of hot and coldC.its implied reference to the word “frozen”D.the contrast of death and play【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析

62、】第1题:文章讲述的是作者在夏天偷牛油果的事，选项A符合题意。第2题:文章第一段第一句话提到小男孩偷牛油果(a stolen avocado)。选项B符合题意。第3题:文章第二段讲述了小男孩偷完牛油果往回走，在路上看见Tomitzer在骑自行车，很高兴地喊他，但是他在回头的时候，被汽车撞死了。见到此情此景，小男孩I hold the avocado to my chest and stand, frozen, across the street.说明小男孩内心很害怕。这一段主要讲述了小男孩由偷牛油果的兴奋到间接害死朋友的恐惧心理。选项B符合题意。第4题:根据上题，可知选项A符合题意。第5题:由上下文可知，小男孩在成功偷取牛油果后是非常开心的，但是当Tomitzer因为他而死了的时候他感觉很害怕。这个短语用来描述死亡与玩耍的对比，选项D符合题意。17. 单选题The aim of making self-criticism for the mistake is to help us _ so that we shall not repeat them later.问题1选项A.show offB.hold outC.measure upD.sober up【答案】D【解析】考查动词词组辨析。show off“炫耀”；hold out“主张