2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第57期

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1、2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题（ ）that many travelers complained to the travel agency.问题1选项A.So frequently the guide took them to luxurious shopsB.So frequently the guide took them to luxurious shops doC.So frequently did the guide take them to luxurious shopsD.So the guide took them to

2、luxurious shops frequently【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。本题考查结果状语从句中的倒装用法。在“so/suchthat.”结构中，so和such连同它所修饰成分置于句首表示强调。主句需要倒装；根据句子后面的结构“that many travelers complained to the travel agency.”可知前面是so引导的主句，需要采用部分倒装结构，句意为：导游带游客去奢侈品商店太频繁，以至于许多游客向旅行社投诉。故正确答案选C。2. 翻译题 Raw materials and partially finished goods are sen

3、t to special border zone factories inside Mexico where additional assembly work is completed on the goods, which are then transferred back to the United States. All duties are waived by both governments, except on the value added by the additional manufacturing processes taking place in Mexico. Obvi

4、ously, the most desirable barter would be for goods the firm would otherwise have to purchase on the open market. Second most desirable would be goods that the global sourcing manager sees a ready market for where hard currency can be earned from their sale.【答案】 原材料和半成品被送往墨西哥境内的边境特区工厂，在那里完成货物的附加组装工作

5、，然后再被转回美国。除了在墨西哥进行的额外生产过程所增加的价值外，两国政府对其他部分都放弃关税。显然，最理想的易货交易对象是公司在自由市场上必须购买的商品。第二可取的是那些商品：全球采购经理看到了一个现成的市场，可以从该商品的销售中获得硬通货。3. 单选题One of the requirements for the master degree is that students（ ） .问题1选项A.ought to pass oral defenseB.pass oral defenseC.need pass oral defenseD.are to pass oral defense【答案

6、】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。如果句子主语是requirement, suggestion, advice, order等词，后面的表语从句中要用到虚拟语气：should+动词原形的结构。这里should可以省略，句意为，对于硕士学位的要求之一是：学生应该通过论文答辩。分析四个选项，B最符合题意。4. 单选题It is only when you nearly lose someone （ ）fully conscious of how much you value him.问题1选项A.do you becomeB.then you becomeC.that you becomeD.

7、have you become【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。本题结构为“It is+强调部分+ (that)其余部分”强调句，这里强调的是时间状语only when you nearly lose someone，剩余的部分是主句，结构不需要倒装。句意为：只有当你差点失去某个人，你才能充分认识到你是多么地在乎他。故选项C正确。5. 单选题 Today business cards are distributed with abandon by working people of all social classes, illustrating not only the ubiqu

8、ity of commercial interests but also the fluidity of the world of trade. Whether one is buttonholing potential clients for a carpentry service, announcing ones latest academic appointment, or “networking” with fellow executives, it is permissible to advertise ones talents and availability by an outs

9、tretched hand and the statement “Heres my card.” As Robert Louis Stevenson once observed, everybody makes his living by selling something. Business cards facilitate this endeavor. It has not always been this way. The cards that we use today for commercial purposes are a vulgarization of the nineteen

10、th-century social calling cards, an artifact with a quite different purpose. In the Gilded Age, possessing a calling card indicated not that you were interested in forming business relationships, but that your money was so old that you had no need to make a living. For the calling-card class, life w

11、as a continual round of social visits, and the protocol （礼仪） governing these visits was inextricably linked to the proper use of cards. Pick up any etiquette manual predating World War , and you will find whole chapters devoted to such questions as whether a single gentleman may leave a card for a l

12、ady; when a lady must, and must not, turn down the edges of a card; and whether an unmarried girl of between fourteen and seventeen may carry more than six or less than thirteen cards in her purse in months beginning with a“J”. The calling card system was especially cherished by those who made no di

13、stinction between manners and mere form, and its preciousness was well defined by Mrs. John Sherwood. Her 1887 manual called the card “the field mark and device” of civilization. The business version of the calling card came in around the turn of the century, when the formerly well-defined borders b

14、etween the commercial and the personal realms were used widely, society mavens (专家) considered it unforgivable to fuse the two realms. Emily Posts contemporary Lilian Eichler called it very poor taste to use business cards for social purposes, and as late as 1967 Amy Vanderbilt counseled that the me

15、rchants marker “may never double for social purposes”.1. According to the author, people distribute their business cards in order to（ ）.2. The sentence “your money was so old” in the second paragraph means（ ）.3. What is NOT true about the calling-card class in the 19th century?4. According to the pa

16、ssage, business cards are likely to have appeared（ ）.5. Which of the following is NOT stated or implied in the passage?问题1选项A.make their livingB.show their social statusC.facilitate selling their productsD.illustrate the fluidity of the world of trade问题2选项A.you had a lot of money.B.your money was us

17、eless.C.you had an old pound note.D.you inherited a fortune from your ancestor问题3选项A.They used their calling cards to win ladies favor.B.There were guide books on the protocol for them to read.C.They lived a leisured life without worrying about earning a living.D.Their use of cards was supposed to g

18、o by a set of complex rules of manner.问题4选项A.after 1967B.after World War C.at the beginning of the 19th centuryD.at the beginning of the 20th问题5选项A.Most people think it improper to use business cards for social purposes.B.Todays business cards are a vulgarization of the 19th-century social calling c

19、ard.C.In the 19th century, possessing a calling card indicated ones high social position.D.In the 19th century, the calling-card class never used their cards for commercial purposes.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.【试题答案】C【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段最后两句“As Robert Louis Stevenson once observed, everybody

20、makes his living by selling something. Business cards facilitate this endeavor. 正如罗伯特路易斯史蒂文森曾经说过，每个人靠卖东西为生。商务名片促进了这一努力。”由此可知，人们递商务名片是为了卖产品，选项C符合上下文语境，为正确答案。2.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节推断题。定位到文章第二段第三句“In the Gilded Age, possessing a calling card indicated not that you were interested in forming business relatio

21、nships, but that your money was so old that you had no need to make a living. 在镀金时代，拥有名片并不意味着你有兴趣结成商务关系，而是你有遗产，所以你不需要为生计犯愁。”由此可知题干句子的意思应该指从祖先那里得到一大笔遗产之意。old money意为“祖传遗产”，故正确答案选D。3.【试题答案】A【试题解析】细节推断题。定位到文章第二段“For the calling-card class, life was a continual round of social visits 他们的日子就是在社交活动中打发的”可知

22、选项C符合文意；由“the protocol governing these visits was inextricably linked to the proper use of cards 管理这些社交活动的礼仪与正确使用卡片有着千丝万缕的联系”可知他们在社交活动中交换名片是需遵守复杂的礼仪规范，因此选项D没错，以及由“Pick up any etiquette manual predating World War , and you will find whole chapters devoted to such questions as whether a single gentlem

23、an may leave a card for a lady 在第一次世界大战前，你会发现所有的礼仪手册里面整个章节都在讨论这样的问题：一个单身男士是否可以给女士递名片。”可知选项B无误；选项A文章中没有提及，因此答案选A。4.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节判断题。定位到文章第二段“The cards that we use today for commercial purposes are a vulgarization of the nineteenth-century social calling cards, an artifact with a quite different pur

24、pose. 我们今天用于商业目的的卡片是19世纪社会名片的俗化，是一种具有完全不同目的的工艺品。”以及文章第三段第一句中“The business version of the calling card came in around the turn of the century. 拜帖的商业版本（名片）出现在世纪之交”；由此推断选项D最符合句子意思。5.【试题答案】A【试题解析】细节判断题。定位到文章第二段第三句“In the Gilded Age, possessing a calling card indicated not that you were interested in for

25、ming business relationships, but that your money was so old that you had no need to make a living. 在镀金时代，拥有商业名片不是意味着你有兴趣结成商务关系，而是因为你有遗产，所以你衣食无忧”，可知C选项是正确的表述；第二段中对于19世纪名片发展历史的细节描述，名片主要用于单纯的社交，一战中礼仪指南提到名片是由青年男性向女士递交。由此推断选项D和选项B都是正确的描述。故只有选项A中的描述文章没有提到。6. 单选题I think it advisable that he （ ）Tokyo soon.问

26、题1选项A.will leaveB.may leaveC.leaveD.leaves【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。由“it is necessary/important/advisable/anxious/ essential.”等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形或只用动词原形）知C项“leave”正确。7. 翻译题 Analysts have repeatedly predicted that the “internet of things”, which adds sensors and internet capability to everyday

27、physical objects, could transform the lives of individuals as dramatically as the spread of the mobile internet. Providers have focused on the home, touting products such as coffee pots that turn on when the alarm clock rings, lighting and blinds that adjust to the time of day, and fridges that send

28、 an alert when the milk runs out. But so far consumers have been largely resistant to making their homes “smart”. Thats not for want of trying by tech firms, which have poured cash into their efforts to connect everyday objects to the Internet.【答案】 分析人士曾多次预测，将传感器和互联网功能添加到日常物理物体上的“物联网”，可能会像移动互联网的普及一样

29、，极大地改变个人生活。供应商主要关注家居领域，他们兜售各种家居产品。例如：当闹钟响起时就会自动启动的咖啡壶、可根据一天时间变化自动调节的智能灯具和百叶窗帘，以及当牛奶喝光时就会自动发送提醒的冰箱等等。然而，迄今为止，顾客大力抵制此类家庭智能化。这并不是因为科技公司没有全力以赴，为使家居产品具备联网功能，科技公司投入了大量财力。8. 单选题A （ ）is a grill on which meat, fish, and other foods are cooked over hot charcoal, usually out of doors.问题1选项A.duetB.barbecueC.ton

30、icD.fag【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项duet“二重奏”；B选项barbecue“烧烤”；C选项tonic“补药”；D选项fag“苦工、疲劳”，由题干中提到的各种食物以及热木炭，可知barbecue“烧烤”符合语境。句意为：烧烤是肉、鱼和其他食物放在烤架上，再在热木炭上烘烤，通常在户外进行。故正确答案选B。9. 翻译题 2010年头5个月，通用汽车公司在华销量超过100万辆，提前完成了当年200万辆目标的一半。西门子计划未来三年在华投资10亿欧元（合12.9亿美元），而2011年之前，大众已在华追加16亿欧元的投资。截至2013年5月底，在华注册外资企业数量累计近69

31、万家，实际利用外资总额超过了1万亿美元。世界是平的一书的作者托马斯弗里德曼，以及曾在美国总统比尔克林顿时期担任商务部副部长的罗伯特夏皮罗等众多专家均高度肯定中国的对外开放。(参考词汇：ahead of schedule; Siemens; Volkswagen; actually-utilized foreign investment; deputy secretary)【答案】 In the first five months of 2010, General Motors sold more than l million vehicles in China, meeting half of

32、 its 2010 target of 2 million ahead of schedule. Siemens will invest 1 billion ($1.29 billion) in the next three years, with Volkswagen adding 1.6 billion by 2011. By the end of May 2013, there had been 690,000 registered foreign companies in China, investing more than $l trillion. Writers such as T

33、homas Friedman, author of The World Is Flat, and Robert Shapiro, former US undersecretary of commerce under President Bill Clinton, have spoken highly of our efforts to open up.10. 单选题Visitors to India are often surprised to find that Taj Mahal is an almost （ ）topic of conversation.问题1选项A.inexhauste

34、dB.inexhaustibleC.inexhaustiveD.inexhausting【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A、D选项单词不存在，B选项inexhaustible“用不完的”；C选项inexhaustive“不详尽的、不彻底的”。句意为：到印度的旅行者通常都会惊讶的发现泰姬陵几乎是一个谈论不完的话题，B选项符合题意，故答案选B。11. 单选题The soldiers face was badly burned in the fire outbreak of a department store and he had to have skin （ ）.问题1选项A.tr

35、ansverseB.transplantedC.transcendedD.transferred【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】动词辨析题。A选项transverse“横向的、横切的”；B选项transplant“移植；迁移”；C选项transcend“胜过、超越”；D选项transfer“使转移、调任”。句子由and连接两个简单句，前半句意思是“士兵的脸在百货公司发生的火灾中严重烧伤”，再根据have sth. done的结构，推断空格部分单词要填过去分词形式。所以由后面关键词“skin皮肤”可知空格部分单词意思为“移植”，句意为：士兵的脸在百货公司发生的火灾中严重烧伤，需要植皮。故正确答案选

36、B。12. 翻译题 30多年来，外商直接投资的引入不仅带来了资金，更带来了先进的技术设备、管理和经营理念，有力地促进了中国经济制度、技术和管理创新。正因如此，我们在今年4月公开征求意见，对“自主创新”产品的认定标准进行了调整，上述结果说明，所有外国企业都得到了一视同仁的对待，他们的产品被视为“中国制造”，和中国企业的产品适用同样的原产地规则。自从加入世界贸易组织以来，中国不断降低外资准入门槛。1997年以来，我们4次修订外商投资产业指导目录。(参考词汇：self-dependent innovative: consultation; rules of origin; entry thresho

37、ld)【答案】 Over the last three decades, foreign direct investment has brought capital, advanced technologies and business know-how to China. We understand that FDI fosters innovation. That is why, in April, we held a public consultation to review the criteria we use to accredit “self-dependent innovati

38、ve products”. The results emphasized that all foreign enterprises are given equal treatment and that all their products are considered to be “made in China”, while the same rules of origin are applied to them as to Chinese products. Since joining the World Trade Organization, China has continually l

39、owered the entry threshold for foreign investment. Since 1997, we have revised the Catalogue of Industries for Foreign Investment Guidance four times.13. 单选题G. Barela, a famous football play, was （ ）to Manchester United in 2013 by a million pounds.问题1选项A.transmittedB.transferredC.transactedD.transpo

40、rted【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项transmit“传输，传播”；B选项transfer“转移（地方）；调动（工作）；使（运动员）转会或转队”；C选项transact“交易，谈判”；D选项transport“运输”。句意为：著名的足球运动员巴雷拉，2013年以一百万转会至曼切斯特联队旗下。故答案选B。14. 单选题The two important （ ）in making a cake are flour and sugar.问题1选项A.elementsB.componentsC.ingredientsD.constituents【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】名词辨

41、析题。四个选项都有“成分，某物的组成部分”之意。A选项element“元素，要素”；B选项component“配件、要素”，机械的原件或者是组装配件；C选项ingredient“原料、原材料”，指烹调用的事物配料；D选项constituent“成份、选民”，指的是整体中不可缺少的部分。由空格后介词后面的关键词“making a cake制作蛋糕”和“flour and sugar 面粉与糖”，可知空格部分关键词为“原料”，句意为：制作蛋糕的两个重要的原料是面粉与糖。故正确答案选C。15. 单选题Clark felt that his （ ）on one of the most dramatic

42、 medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.问题1选项A.apprehensionB.appreciationC.presentationD.participation【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项apprehension“理解；拘捕；忧虑”；B选项appreciation“评价，鉴赏”；C选项presentation“赠送，授予；提供，显示；外观”；D选项participation“参加，参与”。四个单词形状相似。空格部分是宾语从句中的主语，on引导介词短语修饰主语，根据关键词

43、“be worth是值得的”，可知空格部分单词意思是“参加”，句意为：克拉克认为他能参加一直以来最受人瞩目的医学实验，吃点苦也值得。选项D符合句子意思，为最佳答案。16. 单选题 By the mid-nineteenth century, the term “icebox” had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the gro

44、wth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New Yor

45、k, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented. Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we

46、might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the

47、ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient

48、 icebox. But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to ma

49、rket, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, more explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night

50、in order to keep their produce cool.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?2. According to the passage, which of the following was an obstacle to the development of the icebox?3. The word “rudimentary” (Line 3, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to（ ）.4. According to the information in the second parag

51、raph, an ideal icebox would（ ）.5. The author describes Thomas Moore as having been “on the right track” (Lines 1-2, Para. 3) to indicate that（ ）.问题1选项A.The influence of ice on the diet.B.The development of refrigeration.C.The transportation of goods to market.D.Sources of ice in the nineteenth centu

52、ry.问题2选项A.The use of insufficient insulation.B.Inadequate understanding of physics.C.The lack of a network for the distribution of ice.D.Competition among the owners of refrigerated freight cars.问题3选项A.growingB.necessaryC.undevelopedD.uninteresting问题4选项A.stop air from circulatingB.allow ice to melt

53、slowlyC.use blankets to conserve iceD.completely prevent ice from melting问题5选项A.Moores actions were honestB.Moores family was prosperousC.Moores design was fairly successfulD.Moores farm was close to the Washington markete D. completely prevent ice from melting【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.【试题答

54、案】B【试题解析】主旨大意题。分析文章，第一段讲了“冰盒”这个冰箱原始的名称出现的时间，以及时间上的发展。第二段和第三段都是围绕冰箱，也就是制冷的发展的各个方面来展开的。故正确答案选B。2.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节判断题。定位到文章第二段“In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. 19世纪早期，人们关于热物理学的知识十分有限，而这对于制冷科学是至关重要的”

55、和最后一句“Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox. 直到19世纪末，发明家才实现了高效冰箱所需的隔热和流通的微妙平衡。”由此可知，答案选B。3.【试题答案】C【试题解析】语义推测题。定位到文章第二段第二句“In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics o

56、f heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. 19世纪早期，人们关于热物理学的知识十分有限，而这对于制冷科学是至关重要的”。本句rudimentary是句子的表语，主语是the knowledge of the physics of heat；结合本段最后一句话，分析上下文语境得出：19世纪早期的热物理知识发展是不足的。这里rudimentary 意思是“粗浅的，不先进的”，所以正确答案选C。4.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节推断题。第二段中讲：制造一个高效的冰箱并不像我们现在想象的那么容

57、易。19世纪早期，人们关于热物理学的知识十分有限，而这对于制冷科学是至关重要的。当时最常见的说法是，最好的冰盒是阻止冰融化的，这当然是错误的，因为就是冰的融化产生冷却作用。尽管如此，早期的努力包括用毯子把冰包裹起来，这样冰就不能发挥作用了。直到19世纪末，发明家才实现了高效冰箱所需的隔热和流通的微妙平衡。由此可判断A、C和D都不符合，答案选B。5.【试题答案】C【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第三段第三句“When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that cust

58、omers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. 当他用自己设计的冰盒把黄油运到市场，他发现顾客会直接忽略他竞争对手桶中快要融化的产品，而宁愿花多点钱买他的仍然新鲜、坚硬的1镑一块的砖头状黄油。”由这句话可以推断本段第一句中的“on the right track做法对了”，说明托马斯莫尔自己设计的冰箱很成功，保存黄油效

59、果很好。故正确答案选C。17. 翻译题 No Englishman believes in working from book learning. He suspects all theories, philosophical or other. He suspects everything new, and dislikes it, unless he can be compelled by the force of circumstances to see that this new thing has advantages over the old. Race-experience is

60、 what he invariably depends upon, whenever he can, whether in India, in Egypt, or in Australia. His statesmen do not consult historical precedents in order to decide what to do: they first learn the facts as they are; then they depend upon their own common sense, not at all upon their university lea

61、rning or upon philosophical theories. And in the case of the English nation, it must be acknowledged that this instinctive method has been eminently successful.【答案】 没有一个英国人相信从书本能学会工作。他们怀疑一切理论，不管是哲学理论还是其他的。他们是对一切新鲜事物持怀疑态度，并深恶痛绝，除非迫于形势，他们才认识到新的事物确比旧的事物更有优势。不管是身在印度、埃及或澳大利亚，只要可能，他们总是依靠他们自己的种族经验。为了做出决策，英

62、国的政治家们并不参阅历史的先例，而是首先如实的弄清楚事实的真相；然后依靠自己的常识，而不是他们的大学学习或哲学理论。就英国民族而论，必须承认这种本能的处事方法一向是成功的。18. 单选题Little （ ）how happy I had been.问题1选项A.she had realizedB.did she realizeC.she realizedD.has she realized【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。当否定词little位于句首时后面的句子要进行主谓倒装，且由句中关键词“had been（过去完成时态）”的对应知这里应用一般过去时态，故B项“did he rea

63、lize”正确。19. 单选题 Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal points periods, countries, dramatic events, and great leaders. It also has had clear and firm notions of scholarly procedure: how one inquires into a historical problem, how one presents and documents ones findings, what constitutes admissible and adequate proof. Anyone who has follo