2022年考博英语-苏州大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第58期

《2022年考博英语-苏州大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第58期》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-苏州大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第58期（34页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-苏州大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题By 1863 the Northern war economy was （ ） in high gear.问题1选项A.rumbling alongB.passing awayC.roamingD.blooming【答案】A【解析】词组辨析。rumbling along “隆隆前进”，pass away “去世，度过时间”；roam “漫步，漫游”；bloom “开发，茂盛”。句意：到1863年，北方战时经济高速发展。选项A符合题意。2. 翻译题今诸生学于太学(the Imperial College)，县官(

2、the royal court)日有廪稍之供，父母岁有裘葛之遗，无冻馁之患矣；坐大厦之下而诵诗书，无奔走之劳矣；有司业(Directors of Studies)、博士之师，未有问而不告，求而不得者也；凡所宜有之书集于此，不必若余之手录，假诸人而后见也。其业有不精，德有不成者，非天质之卑，则心不若余之专耳，岂他人之过哉？(5分)人们为梦想而斗争，正如为财产而斗争一样。于是梦想即由幻想的世界走进了现实 的世界，而成为了我们生命中的一个真实力量。梦想无论怎样模糊，总潜伏在我们心底， 使我们的心境永远得不到宁静，直到这些梦想成为事实为止；像种子在底下一样，一定要萌芽滋长，伸出地面来，寻找阳光。(4分

3、)目前是研究在交叉文化与多种文化方面人类的相似性的最好时机了。差异谈得够多了。强调我们的差异使我们人类彼此疏远，使我们长久地相互猜疑；在极端的情况下加深我们的分歧使我们彼此否定，失去人性结果是导致相互残杀。(3分)刑事侦破(forensic)科学家的工作，与其说是迅速和富于洞察力，不如说是更为缓慢， 更具有分析性的。但这种方法所展示出的高质量与谨慎可由如下事实得以反映出来：只有少数案件真正会成为审判室的主要案件。鉴于在预审中被告所听到的刑侦证据之确凿，他们常常折服于证明他们有罪的有分量的科学信息，并且在审判还未开始之前就低头认罪。（3分）【答案】Nowadays many students p

4、ursue an education in the Imperial College, they wouldnt need to worry about starvation and coldness as the royal court would offer them everyday food for free and parents your seasonal clothes. Without going outside, they just sit in the comfortable room and read the classic poems and historical bo

5、oks. With Directors of Studies and Mr. Knowledge being their teachers, all of their questions and inquiries will be solved. The College has such a sufficient collection of books that they neednt make handwritten copies after borrowing books from others like I did before. If they make no achievement

6、in their study and fail to be a person of high virtue, it doesnt result from their learning ability but their less devotion. It is their own fault.People fight for dreams just the same as for wealth. Dreams come into the reality world from a fantasy one, and become a kind of real force in our lives.

7、 No matter how puzzling they may seem, dreams hide in our inner hearts so that we could ever find no peace in our minds until they become reality. Like seeds deep underground, dreams sprout and grow to find the sun.It is the best time now to study on human similarities in cross-culture and multi-cul

8、ture aspects. No more differences. Emphasizing the differences keeps us away from each other and suspects each other for a long time. Deepening our divergences would result in, to some extremes, our doubts to everybody, and make our human nature lost, we might end up with cruel killing among us.Rath

9、er than being quick and of great insight, the forensic scientists work remains slow and analytic. The high quality and carefulness of this method, however, could be shown on the following facts. Only a few cases would actually come to trial. The defendants are often convinced by the forensic evidenc

10、e presented in the pre-trials, which are scientific and important enough to establish their guilt, and commit to crimes before trials. admit their crimes before trials.3. 单选题Now those “effortless” good looks seem a little more risky. Allegedly, the silicone implants can leak and interfere with the b

11、odys immune system. There have been over 2,000 complaints, particularly about implants which predate 1985-although cosmetic surgeons blame zealous lawyers for manufacturing concerns. The Food and Drug Administration announced an inquiry last year, but initially said it would not ask for the operatio

12、ns to stop it, reportedly because of evidence coming out in court cases. In December, for example, a woman who suffered from a ruptured implant was awarded $7.34m from the biggest maker of implants, Dow Coming.The announcement has caused more panic among American women than any medical decision sinc

13、e a contraceptive device, the Daikon Sheild, was removed from the market in 1974, some 2 million women have had implants, 80% of them for cosmetic reasons: the rest had “re-constructive” medical surgery following cancer treatment. The waiting list for implants by one Californian doctor used to be si

14、x months; it is now less than one month, Shares in implant makers have slumped.Such second thoughts are overdue. For all its glittering advocates, cosmetic surgery is the only type of medicine where a perfectly healthy patient is cut up. (This, of course, omits re-constructive operations to repair b

15、ums or replace missing breasts.) Eight out of ten cosmetic operations are performed outside proper hospitalsome in operation rooms that look more like offices. Warnings of side-effect rarely appear in advertisements; nor do the records of the eager surgeons. Since it is “elective” surgery, not cover

16、ed by insurance, few of the normal rules apply.Inside the industry, rumors of malpractice are rife. One senior plastic surgeon says that he has a list of peers who “he wouldnt let touch my dogs body.”1.According to the paragraph, cosmetic surgeons think that （ ）.2.It is reported that the Food and Dr

17、ug Administration inquired into the effects of silicone implant, because （ ）.3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the second paragraph?4.The difference between the cosmetic surgery and other surgery is that （ ）.5.The last sentence of the passage, “peers” refers to （ ）.问题1选项A.

18、the silicone implant complaints were started particularly before 1985B.the silicone implant are dangerousC.the silicone implant are linked with bodys immune systemD.the silicone implant complaints are due to those profit-happy lawyers问题2选项A.there was a case in December about a woman who suffered fro

19、m the implantB.there had been a lot of cases in court about silicone implantC.Dow Coming has produced some poor-quality silicone implantD.it did not want to ask for the operations to stop it问题3选项A.American women had once been in panic because of the removal of a contraceptive device from the market.

20、B.Daikon Sheild is a brand name.C.About 1.6 million women have had implants because they wanted to be more beautifulD.A Californian doctor began to earn less money.问题4选项A.the former is to operate on the healthy body, while the latter is to operate on the sick bodyB.the former is to do harm to a pers

21、on, while the latter is to cure a personC.the former is with glittering advocates, while the latter is to repair bumsD.the former is to be performed outside proper hospitals, while the latter is to be performed inside proper hospitals问题5选项A.industry ownersB.plastic surgeonsC.humoristsD.officers【答案】第

22、1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“There have been over 2,000 complaints, particularly about implants which predate 1985-although cosmetic surgeons blame zealous lawyers for manufacturing concerns.”，可知已经有超过2000起投诉，特别是关于1985年以前植入物的投诉尽管整形外科医生将制造问题归咎于律师们。可判断出整容外科医生认为硅胶植入物的投诉是由于那些喜欢赚钱的律师。选项D符合

23、题意。2.细节判断题。根据文章第一段，“because of evidence coming out in court cases. In December, for example, a woman who suffered from a ruptured implant.”，可知美国食品药品监督管理局对硅胶植入物进行调查的原因是法庭上出现了很多这样的案例，下文提出一个妇女获赔的案例只是其中一个。可判断出美国食品药品监督管理局对硅胶植入物的效果进行了调查的原因在于法庭上有很多关于硅胶植入的案例。选项B符合题意。3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“The announcement has cau

24、sed more panic among American women than any medical decision since a contraceptive device, the Daikon Sheild, was removed from the market in 1974”，可知自从1974年一种名为Daikon Sheild的避孕设备被撤市以来，这一消息在美国女性中引起的恐慌超过了任何医疗因素。可判断出美国女性曾经因为避孕设备从市场上撤下而恐慌，这一表达复符合文意，选项A可排除。也可判断出Daikon Sheild是一个品牌名称，选项B可排除。根据文章第二段，“some

25、2 million women have had implants, 80% of them for cosmetic reasons”，可知大约有200万女性做手术，因为她们想变得更美丽，选项C可排除。根据排除法，选项D符合题意。4.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“cosmetic surgery is the only type of medicine where a perfectly healthy patient is cut up.”，可知整容手术是唯一一种把完全健康的病人割伤的医术，这也是整容术和其他手术的区别。选项A符合题意。5.词义理解题。根据文章最后一句，“One senio

26、r plastic surgeon says that he has a list of peers”，可知一位资深整形外科医生说，他有一份同伴名单，可知资深整形外科医生的同伴指整形外科医生，peer意思为同伴，同等的人。选项B符合题意。4. 翻译题理论必须联系实际，这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。在姹紫嫣红的花卉世界里，牡丹自古以来就素有“花中之王”的美誉，深受中国人的喜爱。凡是优秀的作品，读来都如同与历史上最杰出的人物在促膝谈心。这几年的变化极为显著，不容我们有所忽视，教训也极为沉痛，不容我们不深为铭记。自然科学方面，我们比较落后，特别要努力向外国学习，但是也要批判地学，不可盲目地学。【答案】

27、Theory must be related to facts, which is a principle we have to firmly remember.In the colorful world of flowers, Peony has been entitled as “the king of flower”, which is favored by Chinese people deeply.All splendid works make readers feel like that they are talking with many outstanding people i

28、n the history while reading these books.There has been a tremendous change in recent years that we cant ignore, and its lessons are painful that we cant forget.As for natural science, we are backward and need to learn from foreign countries. But we should learn critically and wisely.5. 单选题The percen

29、tage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United States has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid 1920s.We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting Americas bloods

30、tream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort of newcomers. Their loudest cites argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians

31、 and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.Although children of Mexican immigrants do bette

32、r, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains dont continue. Indeed, the fourth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black C

33、aribbean immigrants, Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired in a seemingly state of poverty and underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to （降入）segr

34、egated，substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization wo

35、rk for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own, but as arguments about immigration hear up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation, about how to ensure that people,

36、 once outsiders, dont forever remain marginalized within these shores.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more im

37、pact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest ware of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.36. How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early days?37. What does the author think of the new immigrants?38. What does Edward

38、 Telles research say about Mexican-Americans?39. What should be done to help the new immigrants?40. According to the author, the burning issue concerning immigration is （ ）.问题1选项A.They were of inferior races.B.They were a Source of political corruption.C.They were a threat to the nations security.D.

39、They were part of the nations bloodstream.问题2选项A.They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S.B.They can do just as well as their predecessors.C.They will be very disappointed on the new land.D.They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.问题3选项A.They may slow improve from generation to generatio

40、n.B.They will do better in terms of educational attainment.C.They will melt into the African-American community.D.They may forever remain poor and underachieving.问题4选项A.Rid them of their inferiority complex.B.Urge them to adopt American customs.C.Prevent them from being marginalized.D.Teach them sta

41、ndard American English.问题5选项A.how to deal with people entering the U.S. without documentsB.how to help immigrants to better fit into American societyC.how to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the corderD.how to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B【解析】第1题:

42、36.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting Americas bloodstream.”，可知他们不会回到国会公开担心劣等种族污染美国血统的时代。可判断出美国国会早期是将移民看待为一种劣等种族。选项A符合题意。37.作者态度题。根据文章第三段，“In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became

43、 exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.”，可知随着时间的推移，意大利人、罗马尼亚人和其他所谓劣等种族的成员成为了美国人的楷模，他们为建设这个伟大的国家做出了巨大的贡献。这些新移民也能够取得同样的成功。可判断出作者认为新的移民者可以做得和他们

44、的前辈一样好。选项B符合题意。38.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，“Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired in a seemingly state of poverty and underachievement.”，可知Tells担心墨西哥裔美国人可能注定要步美国黑人的后尘，大部分人可能会陷入贫穷和不好的境地。可判断出Tells认为他们可能永远贫穷

45、，没有成就。选项D符合题意。39.细节理解题。根据文章第五段，“we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, dont forever remain marginalized within these shores.”，可知我们还应该问一些更广泛的问题，关于同化，关于如何确保人们作为外来者不会永远被边缘化。可判断出我们要帮助新的移民者就是要防止他们被边缘化。选项C符合题意。40.作者态度题。根据文章最后一段， “Tha

46、t is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations.”，可知这是一个比非法移民问题更大的问题，也比如何最好地保卫国土问题更大。这个问题不仅影响新移民，也影响已经在这里生活了的几代人。结合文章内容，可知这个问题就是如何帮助移民更好地融入美国社

47、会。选项B符合题意。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:6. 单选题The disagreement over trade restrictions could seriously （ ）relations between the two countries.问题1选项A.tumbleB.jeopardizeC.manipulateD.intimidate【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。tumble “使摔倒，弄乱”；jeopardize “危害，危及”；manipulate “操纵，操作”；intimidate “恐吓，威胁”。句意：在贸易限制问题上的分歧可能严重危及两国之间的关系。选项B符合题

48、意。7. 单选题Old people are（ ） to claim a special heating allowance from the government.问题1选项A.engagedB.charmedC.involvedD.entitled【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。Engaged “使用中的”；charmed “着迷的”；involved “涉及的”；entitled “有资格的，有权的”。句意：老人有资格向政府申请特别的取暖津贴。选项D符合题意。8. 单选题The ascent to the mountain is （ ） but anyone who makes it

49、to the top is rewarded by a spectacular view.问题1选项A.helpfulB.assiduousC.arduousD.unique【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。helpful “有帮助的”；assiduous “刻苦的，勤勉的”；arduous “努力的，费力的”；unique “特别的”。句意：登到山顶是艰苦的，但任何成功登顶的人都会欣赏到壮观的景色。选项C符合题意。9. 单选题Some felt that they were hurrying into an epoch of unprecedented enlightenment, in w

50、hich better education and beneficial technology would （ ） wealth and leisure for all.问题1选项A.maintainB.ensureC.certifyD.console【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。maintain “维持，继续”；ensure “保证，确保”；certify “证明，保证”；console “安慰，慰藉”。句意：一些人认为他们正在匆忙进入一个前所未有的启蒙时代，在这个时代，更好的教育和科技将确保所有人的财富和闲暇。选项B符合题意。10. 单选题A few years ago a lone A

51、merican campaigner wrote a book in which he set out the main points of his fascinating crusadeto abolish television. His book Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television is an American cult bestseller, and after eight editions it is still generating concern and savage debate in the USA.Jerry Ma

52、nder, a former advertising expert is convinced that for the sake of our freedom, and mental and physical health, we should learn to live without TV. Through his advertising background Mander is aware how much of television is concerned with advertising. He sees the planting of values for profit as a

53、 deep, profound and disturbing act by the few against the many, for a trivial purpose. And, even without commercials, he sees TV as disturbing because it crams peoples heads with images which alter the way they feel and behave. Pictures formed by 300,000 tiny dancing dots altering 30 times per secon

54、d, bombard their eyes as people scan the images 10 times a second. The brain registers and stores all 30 images, but the conscious mind registers far fewer. But, argues Mander, even if you reject or doubt what you see consciously, it is too late, the crucial messages have gone home.He further argues

55、 that TV is deadening experience as it is restricted to just two sensessight and sound. “Perception is dulled and flattered”, says Mander, “when you cant feel and smell and totally experience an event.” People are just sitting passively for up to four hours a night watching a flickering screen and l

56、istening to artificial sound. No culture in history has spent such an enormous amount of time looking at artificial light, says Mander, and another worrying fact is that prolonged exposure to artificial light alters human cells, which is why it is being used for certain medical treatment. Researcher

57、s do not know if life-long TV exposure is a physical risk or not, but as Mander would argue, why run the risk? It is important that people get up now and switch off before the harm is done, they might also become brainwashed, or who know, they might even be approaching death.1.Four Arguments for the

58、 Elimination of Television is a book which （ ）.2.Jerry Mander objects to TV advertising mainly because （ ）.3.Mander thinks peoples feelings and behaviour are changing because （ ）.4.By watching TV for several hours every night, Mander implies that （ ）.5.Mander suggests that viewing TV over long perio

59、ds of time （ ）.问题1选项A.caused distress to many AmericansB.achieved great success overseasC.aroused nation-wide interestD.expressed the views of a fascinating man问题2选项A.the underlying principles concern money-makingB.it is ineffectual in getting its message acrossC.a few people are deeply disturbed by

60、 itD.the values it conveys are accepted by all问题3选项A.the brain is damaged by too much sitting before the televisionB.the conscious mind is incapable of filtering images to the brainC.their eyes scan a TV screen 10 times a secondD.the conscious mind is unable to reject the image it sees问题4选项A.people

61、would lose the use of their other sensesB.peoples experience of life would become deadenedC.peoples ability to respond to events would lessenD.people would come to depend on only two senses问题5选项A.could lead to deathB.might cause brain damageC.could endanger peoples healthD.would make cells malignant

62、【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“His book Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television is an American cult bestseller, and after eight editions it is still generating concern and savage debate in the USA.”，可知消除电视的四个理由是美国的狂热畅销书，经过八个版本之后，仍在美国引起关注和激烈的辩论。可判断出这本书引起了全国的兴趣。选项C符合题意。2.推断

63、题。根据文章第二段，“He sees the planting of values for profit as a deep, profound and disturbing act by the few against the many, for a trivial purpose.”，可知他认为，广告是为了利益而植入价值观，是少数人为了一个不重要的目的对多数人采取的一种深刻而烦扰的行为。可判断出Jerry Mander反对电视广告主要是因为其基本原则与利益相关。选项A符合题意。3.推断题。根据文章第二段，“argues Mander, even if you reject or doubt what you see consciously, it is too late, the crucial messages have gone home.”，可知曼德认为，即使你有意识地拒绝或怀疑你所看到的一切，也为时已晚，关键的信息已经传达到家了。可判断出曼德认为人们的情感和行为正在发生变化的原因在于有意识的大脑无法过滤传递到大脑的信息，人们已经潜意识里受到了影响。选项B符合题意。4.推断题。根据文章第三段，“People are just sitting passively for