2022年考博英语-北京体育大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第2期

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1、2022年考博英语-北京体育大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题He is holding （ ）a position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.问题1选项A.subordinateB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析题。subordinate从属的，下级的；succeeding 随后的，接着的；successive连续的，交替的；subsequent随后的。根据下句“expects to be promoted soon”希望不久能得到提升

2、，说明他在公司担任下级的职务，所以选项A符合句意。2. 单选题An interesting theory in economics is （1） by the Head Man of a small mountain tribe. It seems that this tribe was very good at making straw mats that had great sales（2）in the（3）market. The representative of an American company went to visit the tribe and tried to make

3、a good business deal. He（4）to the Head Man and（5） that his company would like to（6）several thousand pieces.Undoubtedly, he said, the business（7）would be（8）to the tribe. After some thoughts, the Head Man（9） , but announced that the price per piece would be（10）in such a（11）order than it would be if（12

4、） a small order were placed. The representative was（13）than a little shocked（14）the business sense of the Head Man,（15）insisted that the price should be（16）because of the large volume, and（17）not higher. No, replied the head of the tribe（18）. But why not? asked the American. Because（19）is so tiresom

5、e to make the（20）article over and over, answered the Head Man.问题1选项A.illustratedB.appreciatedC.demonstratedD.anticipated问题2选项A.capacityB.potentialC.abilityD.fortune问题3选项A.strawB.globalC.worldD.earth问题4选项A.addressedB.spokeC.askedD.told问题5选项A.declaredB.confirmedC.demandedD.gestured问题6选项A.orderB.sellC.

6、disposeD.make问题7选项A.treatyB.pactC.matterD.deal问题8选项A.effectiveB.efficientC.valuableD.profitable问题9选项A.agreedB.acceptedC.refusedD.received问题10选项A.lowerB.higherC.expensiveD.cheaper问题11选项A.smallB.bigC.vastD.high问题12选项A.certainlyB.reallyC.onlyD.simply问题13选项A.greaterB.strongerC.lessD.more问题14选项A.fromB.of

7、C.atD.since问题15选项A.whoB.andC.thenD.therefore问题16选项A.lowerB.higherC.littleD.raised问题17选项A.neverB.reallyC.certainlyD.yet问题18选项A.weaklyB.happilyC.stubbornlyD.hesitatingly问题19选项A.heB.itC.whatD.work问题20选项A.similarB.beautifulC.alikeD.same【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A第6题:A第7题:D第8题:D第9题:A第10题:B第11题:B第12题:C第

8、13题:D第14题:C第15题:C第16题:A第17题:C第18题:C第19题:B第20题:D【解析】（1）动词辨析题。illustrate举例说明，阐述；appreciate欣赏，感激；demonstrate展示，证明；anticipate预料，预期。句意：一个小山村部落的首领 一个有趣的经济学理论。根据关键词“theory”可知选项C“证实.理论”最为恰当。（2）近义词辨析题。capacity能力；potential潜力；ability能耐；fortune财富，运气。根据下文“一家美国公司的代表去拜访这个部落，试图达成一笔好生意。”说明这些草席是有销售潜力的，所以选项B更恰当。（3）考查固

9、定用法。world market为固定用法，表示“国际市场，世界市场”。所以选项C正确。（4）近义词辨析题。根据句意可知，这里是想表达美国公司的代表对部落首领说.。选项A太正式，一般用于书信表达；选项C意为请求，要求；选项D后面直接接sb.，不用介词to，所以只有选项B正确。（5）动词辨析题。declared宣称，断言；confirmed证实，批准；demanded要求；gestured做手势。根据下文可知，这里指宣称他的公司将要订购几千个草席这件事件，所以选项A符合句意。（6）动词辨析题。order订购；sell售卖；dispose处理；make制造。根据上文可知，这里是订购草席，所以选项A

10、正确。（7）考查固定搭配。business deal为固定搭配，意为“交易，生意”。选项D正确。（8）形容词辨析题。effective有效的；efficient有效率的；valuable有价值的；profitable有利可图的。根据原文可知，这里涉及到达成交易，所以对于部落来说应该是有利可图的，所以选项D符合语境。（9）上下文推断。根据下文“but announced that.”可知，说明首领同意达成这笔交易，但是有一个条件。所以选项A正确。（10）上下文推断。根据下文的“shocked”可知，这里提出来的条件应该是不合理的。所以填空处应表示价格高，再根据后面的than可知，这里应填入比较级

11、，所以选项B正确。（11）上下文推断。根据下文“than.a small order”可知，相对于小订单来说，这里应该是大笔的订单，两者形成比较。所以选项B正确。（12）副词辨析题。根据句意：如果仅仅只是下小订单的话，那么大笔订单中每件的价格要更高。选项C和D都有“仅仅”的意思，但simply强调简单，所以选项C更恰当。（13）考查固定用法。“more than a little”为固定用法，意为“十分，非常”。选项D正确。（14）考查固定搭配。“be shocked at”为固定搭配，意为“对感到震惊”。选项C正确。（15）考查逻辑连词。根据原文可知，美国公司的代表先是感到震惊，然后坚持认为

12、价格应该更低。选项C更符合语境。（16）上下文推断。上文提到，部落首领认为大订单的单价要高于小订单的单价，美国公司的代表感到震惊，显然是觉得这个价格不合理，他觉得大订单的单价要低于小订单的单价，所以这里应填入“lower”，选项A正确。（17）副词辨析题。never从未，绝不；really真正地；certainly当然，必定；yet还，已经。根据句意：因为数量大，当然价格不能更高。所以选项C符合语境。（18）副词辨析题。weakly虚弱地，无力地；happily快乐地；stubbornly固执地；hesitatingly踟躇地。根据首领的回答“No”可知，他固执的拒绝了，选项C符合语境。（19

13、）考查语法结构。分析句子结构可知，本句真正的主语是后面的不定式，所以填空处应填入it做形式主语。选项B正确。（20）词组辨析题。similar和alike都表示相似的；same相同的；根据下文“over and over重复，一遍又一遍”可知，这里指重复做同样的事情，所以选项D正确。3. 单选题The role of the party system in American politics has always been （ ）.问题1选项A.a unity instead of dividingB.unifying instead of a divisionC.not to divide

14、but to uniteD.not dividing but a union【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。根据固定句型 notbut “不是而是.”，可排除A和B选项。且前后结构需要保持一致，句意：政党制度在美国政治中所起的作用一直是团结而不是分裂。因此选项C符合题意。4. 问答题Film makers understandably lose much of their interest in the genre, (appeal to)【答案】It is understandable that the genre doesnt appeal to film makers much.5. 单选题

15、There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened（ ） a sudden loud noise.问题1选项A.being thereB.should there beC.there wasD.there having been【答案】B【解析】语法题。根据句子结构和选项，可知空格中应填入虚拟条件句，因为省略if，所以应使用倒装，选项C和D可排除。根据句意可知，句子是对将来的虚拟，主句形式为should/could/would/might+动词原形，从句形式为should+动词原形。句意：如果突然发出很大的声音，

16、这些动物很可能会受到惊吓。因此选项B符合题意。6. 单选题Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed peoples natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with pass

17、ing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, th

18、is fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do no

19、t differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of

20、life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a

21、 distrust of strangers.These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors arc strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there

22、 may be a link between a communitys population size and its social heterogeneity. For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterpa

23、rts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual b

24、ehavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.1.Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?2.According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents （ ）.3.One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships am

25、ong neighbors （ ）.4.It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is （ ）.5.What is the passage mainly about?问题1选项A.Two contrasting views are presented.B.An argument is examined and possible solutions givenC.Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in orde

26、r of time.D.A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given问题2选项A.did not have the same interests as their neighborsB.could not develop long-standing relationshipsC.tended to be associated with bad behaviorD.usually had more friends问题3选项A.disrupt peopled natural r

27、elationsB.make them worry about crimeC.cause them not to show concern for one anotherD.cause them to be suspicious of each other问题4选项A.the better its quality of lifeB.the more similar its interestsC.the more tolerant and open-minded it isD.the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stre

28、ss问题5选项A.Similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-town dwellersB.Advantages of living in big cities as compared with living in small towns.C.The positive role that urbanism plays in modem life.D.The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题

29、:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。题干询问下列哪个陈述最能描述第一段的结构?。文章在第一段的第一句指出了几十年前存在的一个看起来非常“明显的” 事实。下一句用However一词表示内容发生了转折。表示近年来的研究表明这一曾经看起来非常明显的事实其实是假的。”在这之后便就近年来的研究结果进行说明。所以A选项提出了两种截然不同的观点。正确。2.细节事实题。题干询问根据这篇文章，城市居民曾经是一个普遍的信念。根据文章第一段中第一句“ modem society has changed peoples natural relations, loosened their responsib

30、ilities to kin and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. 现代社会改变了人们的自然关系，放松了人们对亲属和邻居的责任，取代了他们与泛泛之交的肤浅关系。”确定B选项不能发展长期的关系正确。3.细节事实题。题干询问城市生活的后果之一就是邻里之间缺乏人情味的关系。根据文章第三段中第二句 “If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep

31、 the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. 如果邻居彼此都是陌生人，他们就不太可能去扫住在隔壁的老夫妇的人行道，也不太可能留意年轻的捣乱分子。”确定C选项让他们不关心彼此正确4.推理判断题。题干询问从文章中可以推断，一个社区越大。根据文章最后一段中第五句“Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolit

32、an outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. 大城市的都市人也比小城镇的都市人更有可能拥有国际化的视野，对传统的亲属角色表现出较少的责任感，投票给左派政治候选人，并对非传统宗教团体、不受欢迎的政

33、治团体和所谓的不受欢迎的人持宽容态度。”确定C选项越宽容，越豁达正确5.主旨大意题。题干询问这篇文章主要讲的是什么?。 文章在第一段的第一句指出了几十年前存在的一个看起来非常“明显的” 事实。后面马上转折表示近年来的研究表明这一曾经看起来非常明显的事实其实是假的。之后对比了大城市与小城镇中的人际关系，重点在于指出大城市与小城镇居民人际关系的相同之处。并且第二段第二句明确表示“Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. 事实

34、上，有意义的人际关系的数量和质量并没有因城市人口的增多而有所不同。所以A选项城市居民和小城镇居民之间人际关系的相似性正确。7. 单选题The dentists confident manner （ ）me that I was in safe hands.问题1选项A.insuredB.assuredC.ensuredD.secured【答案】B【解析】形近词辨析题。insure确保，投保；assure保证，担保；ensure确保，使安全；secure保护，使安全。句意：牙医自信的态度使我确信我是由可靠的医生在诊治。选项A和D不符合句意；选项B assure sb. sth.或assure s

35、b.+that从句，意为使某人确信.，符合句意；选项C发用法为ensure sth. to sb.，所以选项B正确。8. 问答题The manager has asked me to consider this proposal carefully, (consideration)【答案】The manager has asked me to take this proposal into consideration carefully.9. 单选题To visit zoos that simulate the natural habitats of animals （ ）of great i

36、nterest to zoologists.问题1选项A.areB.beC.wereD.is【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句是不定式做主语，也就是参观动物园这件事为主语，所以谓语动词应该为单数，首先排除选项A和C；句子时态为一般现在时，所以选项D正确。10. 单选题It was very kind of you to get me something for my birthday, but you （ ）me such an expensive present.问题1选项A.didnt need buyingB.neednt buyC.neednt have bough

37、tD.hadnt needed to buy【答案】C【解析】考查语法结构。根据句意可知，这里指其实你没有必要给我买这么贵重的礼物。neednt have done sth. 意为本没必要做某事却做了，所以选项C正确。11. 单选题Are undergraduate grades important? Everyone knows that high marks earned at different schools or under different instructors can indicate very different levels of achievement. One pro

38、fessor may be a hard grader, while another is very generous or one who takes the whole business as a bit of joke. Some schools have nigh standards, whereas others are groups of intellectual people. And at all universities, there is a constant tendency towards grade inflation （the granting of ever mo

39、re high marks）. That is fought vigorously at some institutions and allowed to go unchecked for long periods at others.Another point raised against grades is how poorly they predict how much graduates will be earning 15 or 20 years after getting their degrees. As many studies have shown, there is onl

40、y a very poor correlation between undergraduates grades and subsequent wealth. People who get good marks tend to go into the professions, not all of which are highly remunerative（有利的）.The correlation between undergraduate grades and success in business, the most common road to wealth, is virtually n

41、othing. Many mediocre（平庸）students become successful businessman, while some brilliant and capable graduates （creative youngsters, not students with special skills in passing exams） take up relatively low-paying but interesting or satisfying careers. The general population, examining this question th

42、rough a statistical lens, sees one thing very clearly that good grades dont translate in any direct way into big bucks, and for better or for worse, the gauge（标尺） of “success” for countless Americans is the acquisition of wealth.The result is a certain modesty about good grades in America among thos

43、e who get them. A students parents may brag about his marks, but seldom will the student himself risk being branded a “grade-grubber” by drawing too much attention to his academic success. High marks are not something to be advertised to the world except on resumes, and anybody who boasts about them

44、 is likely to be viewed with contempt, not least by intelligent people.1.Which of the following is true about undergraduate grades?2.According to the passage, what is the relationship between grades and business performance?3.Which of the following best describes the American attitude towards good g

45、rades?4.The phrase “grade-grubber”, underlined in paragraph 3 probably means （ ）.5.What might be the best title for this passage?问题1选项A.Different grades in schools indicate different levels of achievement.B.Professors are giving increasingly high marks.C.Professors sometimes give grades without chec

46、king students work.D.Professors are likely to give high grades if they are humorous.问题2选项A.Good grades normally lead to business success.B.There is a direct link between grades and business success.C.Good grades dont necessarily mean business success.D.Poor grades often mean business success.问题3选项A.

47、The students with good grades will share his happiness with everybody he knows.B.Good grades are something attached to great importance.C.Not much importance is attached to good grades.D.Students will risk everything to get good grades.问题4选项A.a student who like to take risksB.a student who is excell

48、ent in academic studyC.a student who is obsessed by getting good gradesD.a student who brags about his good grades问题5选项A.Are Grades So Important?B.How to Get Good Grades.C.Different Attitudes towards Grades.D.Grades and Business Success【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。题干询问关于本科成绩，下列哪个选项是正确的?。

49、根据文章第一段中第三句“One professor may be a hard grader, while another is very generous or one who takes the whole business as a bit of joke. 一位教授可能是一个严格的评分者，而另一位教授可能是一个非常慷慨的人，或者是一个把整件事当作玩笑的人。”确定C选项教授有时不检查学生的作业就给他们打分。正确。2.细节事实题。题干询问根据这篇文章，成绩和企业绩效之间的关系是什么?。根据文章第二段中第四句“ The correlation between undergraduate gr

50、ades and success in business, the most common road to wealth, is virtually nothing. 大学本科成绩与商业成功(最常见的致富之路)之间的相关性几乎为零。”确定C选项好的成绩并不一定意味着商业上的成功。正确。3.推理判断题。题干询问下列哪一项最能描述美国人对待好成绩的态度?。根据文章最后一段中第一句 “The result is a certain modesty about good grades in America among those who get them. 结果是，在美国取得好成绩的人对自己的成绩多少

51、有些谦虚。”确定C选项好成绩不太重要。正确。4.词汇题。题干询问第3段下划线的grade-grubber”一词可能是指。根据文章最后一段的第二句A students parents may brag about his marks, but seldom will the student himself risk being branded a “grade-grubber” by drawing too much attention to his academic success. 学生的父母可能会吹嘘他的成绩，但很少会因为过分关注他的学业成绩而给自己贴上“grade-grubber”的标签

52、。这句话中的方式状语 “by drawing too much attention to his academic success 通过高度重视自己的学术成就”就是该词的解释，所以C选项一个痴迷于取得好成绩的学生正确。5.主旨大意题。题干询问这篇文章最好的题目是什么?。在文章开头作者提出问题“Are undergraduate grades important?，之后从多个方面论证了大学成绩并不是那么重要，高分不能代表财富和成功。所以用这一句话作为标题很恰当合适，A选项正确。12. 问答题Dont touch those wires in any circumstances. (Under)【

53、答案】Dont touch those wires under any circumstances.13. 单选题The （ ）of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.问题1选项A.manifestationB.implementationC.expeditionD.demonstration【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。manifestation表现，显示；implementation实现，履行；exped

54、ition远征；demonstration示范，证明。句意：文化现象的 通常是人们生活习惯中某些物质方面的逻辑结果。选项A更符合语境，所以正确。14. 单选题He knows little of Chinese, to say（ ）of Chinese culture.问题1选项A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.somebody【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。something “某事”；anything “任何事”；nothing “没什么事”；somebody “某人”。又根据固定搭配say nothing of “更不用说了”，可知句意：他一点都不了解中文，更别

55、说中国文化了。因此选项C符合题意。15. 单选题M: Well, what did you think of Mr. Brokaws speech?W: I guess it was OK, but I was often in the dark in more ways than one!Q: What do we learn from the conversation?问题1选项A.The speech was given in the evening.B.The woman didnt quite understand the speech.C.The woman was somewha

56、t in a dark place.D.The woman couldnt hear the speech clearly【答案】B【解析】对话中的“in the dark”的引申含义是女士没有听懂演讲，所以B选项正确。16. 单选题The sound of footsteps on the bare floor （ ）the downstairs neighbors.问题1选项A.disturbedB.interruptedC.annoyedD.irritated【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。disturb妨碍，打扰；interrupt打断；annoy打搅，惹恼；irritate激怒。句意：

57、踩在地板上的脚步声打扰了楼下的邻居。选项A符合语境。17. 单选题Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, （ ）overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.问题1选项A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.what【答案】A【解析】语法（定语从句）题。分析题目可知，空格处填入的词是引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是beer，跟空格后的overall consumption是所属关系，所以连接词用whose，A选项正确。18. 单选题The gover

58、nment is trying to do something to （ ）better understanding between the two countries.问题1选项A.raiseB.promoteC.heightenD.increase【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。raise “提高，筹集，养育”；promote “促进，推动”；heighten “提高，增高，使更显著”；increase “增加，增大”。句意：政府正在努力促进两国之间更好的理解。因此选项B符合题意。19. 单选题His time at university was the most （ ）period of

59、 her life.问题1选项A.eventualB.enduringC.eventuallyD.eventful【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。eventual “最后的，最终的”；enduring “持久的，能忍受的”； eventually “最后，终于，副词”；eventful “多事的，重大的”。根据句子结构，可知空格中填入形容词修饰period，选项C可排除。句意：他的大学时光是一生中最重要的时光。因此选项D符合题意。20. 单选题At midnight, he drove through streets（ ）of traffic.问题1选项A.emptyB.lackingC.lackD.crowded【答案】A【解析】词组辨析。empty of “无，没有”；lack of “缺乏”；crowded with “拥挤，挤满”。句意：午夜时分，他开车穿过空无一人的街道。因此选项A符合题意。