2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前模拟强化练习题19（附答案详解）

《2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前模拟强化练习题19（附答案详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前模拟强化练习题19（附答案详解）（22页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Among the more colorful characters of Leadvilles golden age were H.A. W. Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher

2、in Vermont. With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Color

3、ado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said.As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadvilles fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himsel

4、f, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco. It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or “grub”，while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one

5、was discovered. He did this for a number of years but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persist

6、ent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time wont make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. T

7、hey picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine，” made $1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investme

8、nt.Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117000. This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor

9、 of the state.1.Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT（ ）.2.The word “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means（ ）.3.Tabor made his first fortune（ ）.4.The underlying reason for Tabors life career is（ ）.5.If this passage is the first part of an article, who might be introduced in the following

10、 part?问题1选项A.because Tabor became its leading citizenB.because great deposits of lead is expected to be found thereC.because it could bring good fortune to TaborD.because it was renamed问题2选项A.to supply miners with food and suppliesB.to open a general storeC.to do ones contribution to the development

11、 of the mineD.to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered问题3选项A.by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findingsB.because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplyingC.by buying the shares

12、of the otherD.as a land speculator问题4选项A.purely accidentalB.based on the analysis of miners being very poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining siteC.through the help from his second wifeD.he planned well and accomplished targets step by step问题5选项A.Tabors life.B.Tabors second wife

13、, Elizabeth McCourt.C.Other colorful characters.D.Tabors other careers.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Gre

14、at deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said. 不管怎么说，几年后，他搬到了西部一个名为加利福尼亚峡谷的科罗拉多小采矿营地，当他成为那里的主要公民后，他把这个营地重新命名为莱德维尔。“这里肯定能找到大量的铅矿藏。”他说。”可知有三个原因分别对应ABD项，C项“因为Leadville可以给Tabor带来财富”不正确，因为后来发现的是银矿，并且给他带来财富。2.推理判断题。由第二段“It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supp

15、ly them with food and supplies, or “grub”, while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered. 他的习惯是“喂饱”潜在的矿工，换句话说，就是给他们提供食物和给养. 如果发现了矿石，他可以得到一份矿石作为回报。”可知to supply是对该词的解释，故D项正确。3.细节事实题。由第三段“The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for wh

16、ich they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mi

17、ne，” made $1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment. 这两名矿工获得了价值17美元的补给品，作为回报，他们将他们发现的三分之一的股份给了塔博尔。他们在山坡上拣了一块贫瘠的地方开始挖。九天之后，他们发现了一个丰富的银矿矿脉。Tabor买下了另外两个人的股份，所以这个矿就归他一个人了。这个矿，被称为“匹兹堡矿”，为塔伯赚了130万美元，回报是他17美元的投资。”可知Tabor的第一份财富来自于他给别人提供食物，然后别人给了三分之一的股份给他。故A项正确。4.推理判断题。Tabor的财富来源具有一定的偶然性，但也是基于他开创

18、的grubstake模式，分析选项可知只有B项正确。5.推理判断题。全文花了大量笔墨写了男主人公Tabor的故事，其中提到了她的第二任妻子，所以如果文章继续写下去，接下来会讲述他妻子的故事。故B项正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:2. 单选题He raised his eyebrows and stuck his head forward and（ ） it in a single nod, a gesture boys used then for OK. when they were pleased.问题1选项A.shruggedB.tuggedC.jerkedD.twisted【答案】

19、C【解析】考查动词辨析。shrugged“耸肩”；tugged “用力拉，迅速地穿衣服”； jerked“猛拉”；twisted“扭动”。句意：他扬起眉毛，把头向前探了一探，猛地点头，这是男孩子们开心时表示“好”的动作。C项符合题意。3. 单选题I was impressed（ ）the efficiency of the work done in the company.问题1选项A.inB.aboutC.withD.for【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。be impressed with sth“对印象深刻”。句意：该公司的工作效率给我留下了深刻的印象。C项符合题意。4. 单选题When

20、I make a promise, I always（ ）it.问题1选项A.keepB.holdC.catchD.carry【答案】A【解析】考查固定用法。句意：当我许下承诺时，我一定会信守诺言。keep promise意为“信守承诺”，所以选项A正确。5. 单选题All the memories of his childhood had（ ） from his mind by the time he was 65.问题1选项A.fadedB.illustratedC.confinedD.concerned【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。fade“褪色，逐渐消失”；illustrate“阐明

21、，举例说明”；confine“限制，紧闭”；concern“影响，牵挂，关系到，涉及”。句意：他大脑中童年时代的所有记忆在他65岁时都逐渐模糊。A项符合题意。6. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.Warning and other signs blamed for two million accidentsNearly two million drivers in the UK hav

22、e had accidents due to “Baby On Board” signs and childrens toys that obscure their view, according to alarming new research.One in 20 motorists says stickers and playtime paraphernalia are to blame for a collision-equivalent to 1. 85 million of Britains 37 million drivers.1.The revelation triggered

23、a warning by road safety charity Brake to cut down on clutter in the car.Deputy chief executive Julie Townsend said “Baby On Board” signs are useful in alerting the emergency services that a child may be involved in the event of a crash.“This help can become a hindrance if drivers display signs when

24、 their child isnt in the vehicle，” she said.2. “Worse still is the danger that can be posed by drivers blocking out their view by staining windows with lots of sign.”“Drivers1 priority should always be getting there safely without putting themselves, young passengers or other road users at risk.”3.A

25、 survey commissioned by price comparison website C found that 37 percent of parents have displayed signs and four out of five of them believe they improve safety4.But 46 per cent admit doing so at all timesregardless of whether or not their child is in the car and 15 per cent confess they only have

26、them for their novelty value.The poll of 2, 000 drivers also found that 46 percent of drivers regard them as a hazard and 33 percent say they are tacky.“There are benefits and dangers to “Baby on Board” signs. 5.They can offer useful information for nurses in the case of a crash but having too many

27、novelty items displayed could be a safety issue,” said a Confused, com spokesman.【答案】1.因此，道路交通安全慈善机构Brake提醒大家清理车辆的相关物品。2.“更糟的是，如果车主在车窗上散乱地贴了很多车贴，会妨碍视线，造成危险。”3.比价网站C开展的一项调查发现，37%的父母使用了车贴，其中4/5相信这能使行驶更安全。4.但有46%的受访者承认，不管孩子在没在车里，他们都会使用车贴，还有15%承认自己这样做只是因为新奇有趣。5.在遇到交通事故时，这种车贴可以为医护人员提供有用的信息，但如果车上贴了太多花里胡哨的

28、车贴，就会造成安全隐患了。”7. 单选题It suddenly occurred to Anne that money couldnt（ ） all that Bob had suffered in the past five years.问题1选项A.live up toB.make outC.live throughD.make up for【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。live up to“践行”；make out“理解，辨认出”；live through“度过，经受过”；make up for“弥补”。句意：Anne突然明白金钱不能弥补Bob在过去五年里的遭遇。D项符合题意。8. 单

29、选题（ ）energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake.问题1选项A.AccumulatedB.GatheredC.AssembledD.Collected【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。accumulated“累积的”；gathered “聚集的”; assembled“组合的，安装的”；collected“收成全集的，合订的”。句意：地下累计的能量一定会以某一种形式释放，比如地震。A项符合题意。9. 单选题Being out of work, Lane

30、can no longer （ ） friends to dinners and movies as she used to.问题1选项A.urgeB.treatC.appealD.compel【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。urge“催促”；treat“对待，款待，请客”；appeal“呼吁，恳求，上诉”compel“强迫，迫使”。句意：因为现在没有工作，Lane不能再像以前那样请她的朋友们吃晚餐，看电影了。B项符合题意。10. 单选题She thinks about nothing but dancing. She is completely（ ）to it.问题1选项A.addicted

31、B.absorbedC.involvedD.interested【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项addict“使沉迷，使上瘾”，一般和介词to搭配；B选项absorb“承受，理解，使.全神贯注”，一般和介词in搭配；C选项involve“涉及，使陷于，潜心于”，一般和介词in搭配；D选项interest“感兴趣”，一般和介词in搭配。根据句意“她只想跳舞。她完全上瘾了。”只有选项A能和介词to搭配，所以A正确。11. 单选题Tom was a highly（ ）teacher who took his duties seriously but he had neither the per

32、sonality nor ability to achieve much success.问题1选项A.conscientiousB.efficientC.capableD.talented【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项conscientious“认真的，尽责的”；B选项efficient“有效率的”；C选项capable“有能力的”；D选项talented“有才能的”。分析句子可知，who后面引导的定语从句修饰teacher，根填空处也应该填入一个形容词来修饰teacher，由此可知，填空处单词应与定语从句表达的意思相近，took his duties seriously指的是“尽

33、职尽责的”，选项A与之意思最接近，所以正确。12. 单选题This river is so big that it is impossible to build a（ ） under it without modern technology.问题1选项A.canalB.tunnelC.channelD.cable【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。canal“运河”；tunnel“隧道”；channel“通道，航道”；cable“缆绳，电缆”。句意：这条河如此长以至于没有现代技术的话，不可能去建一条地下隧道。B项符合题意。13. 单选题Teaching children to read well

34、from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of tea

35、ching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unloc

36、k the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates（倡导者）of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before1963, no major publisher put out anything but t

37、hese “Run-Spot-Run” readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Cant Read, Flesch indicted （控诉）the nations public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said-and more schol

38、arly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed_that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics（语音学）,is far superior.Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds togeth

39、er to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of w

40、ords and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.1.The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is（ ）.2.The author indicts the look-say reading approach because（ ）.3.One major difference between the look-say method of learning r

41、eading and the phonics method is（ ） .4.The phrase “touch-off”（Para 3）most probably means（ ）.5.According to the author, which of the following statements is true?问题1选项A.only logical and naturalB.the expected positionC.probably a mistakeD.merely effective instruction问题2选项A.it overlooks decodingB.Rudol

42、f Flesch agrees with itC.he says it is boringD.many schools continue to use this method问题3选项A.look-say is simplerB.Phonics takes longer to learnC.look-say is easier to teachD.phonics gives readers access to far more words问题4选项A.talk about shortlyB.start or causeC.compare withD.oppose问题5选项A.Phonics a

43、pproach regards whole-word method as unimportant.B.The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.C.In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.D.Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.【答案】第1题:C第2题:

44、A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段“But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. 但是依赖教育者来正确地完成这项任务可能是一个巨大的错误。”可知C项正确。2.细节事实题。由第二段“The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning letters, thinking over decoding, 整字阅读法强调单词的意义而不是字母的意义，思

45、考而不是解码”可知A项正确。3.细节事实题。由最后一段“Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. 它提供了一套密码，通过这套密码，绝大多数英语中最常见的单词的发音都可以被学习，而不是建立一个记忆单词的相对有限的词汇。”可知语音

46、学让学生学会发音的单词更多。故D项正确。4.词义题。由第三段“However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in beginning reading. 然而，在1955年，鲁道夫弗莱什在开始阅读时引发了所谓的“大辩论”。”选项中只有B项符合题意。5.推理判断题。由最后一段“Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simpl

47、y recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step. 语音并没有贬低思考单词和句子意义的重要性;它只是认识到解码是逻辑和必要的第一步。”可知语音学习法认为解码是逻辑和必要的第一步。故C项正确。14. 单选题Its good to know that quite a few popular English expressions actually（ ） from the Bible.问题1选项A.acquireB.obtainC.deriveD.result【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。derive from“源

48、于，来自”；result from“由造成”；句意：许多受欢迎的短语实际上来自圣经。C项正确。15. 单选题The government is trying to do something to（ ） better understanding between the two countries.问题1选项A.raiseB.promoteC.heightenD.increase【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。raise“提高，筹集”；promote“促进，提升”；heighten“提高，增高”；increase“增加，增大”。句意：政府正在努力做一些事情来促进两国之间更好的理解。B项符合题意。1

49、6. 单选题The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural（ ）.问题1选项A.traditionB.transportationC.transmissionD.transformation【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。tradition“传统，惯例”；transportation“运输，运输系统”；transmission“传动装置”；transformation“转化，转换，改革”。句意：20世纪见证了世界范围内政治、经济和文化的变革。D项符合题意。17.

50、 单选题Ten days ago the young man informed his boss of his intention to（ ）.问题1选项A.resignB.rejectC.retreatD.replace【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。resign“辞职”；reject“拒绝”；retreat“撤退，后退”；replace“代替，替换”。句意：十天前，这个年轻人告知了他的老板他要离职的打算。A项符合题意。18. 单选题When you ask me about Cynthia, what were you（ ） ?问题1选项A.meaning forB.driving atC

51、.intending forD.intending to【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。选项A介词搭配不正确，可首先排除；B选项drive at相当于aim at“用意所在”；C选项intend for“打算使”；D选项intend to“打算做，想要”，后面一般需要接do sth.。句意：你问我关于辛西娅的事，你的用意何在？所以选项B正确。19. 单选题Real-time web searchwhich scours only the latest updates to services like Twitteris currently generating quite a buzz bec

52、ause it can provide a glimpse of what people around the world are thinking or doing at any given moment. Interest in this kind of search is so great that, according to recent leaks, Google is considering buying Twitter.The latest research from the interact search giant, though, suggests that real-ti

53、me results could be even more powerfulthey may reveal the future as well as the present.Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian combined data from Google Trends on the popularity of different search terms with models used by economists to predict trends in areas such as travel and home sale

54、s. The result? Better forecasts in almost every case. It works because searches reveal something about peoples intentions. Google has demonstrated before that search data can predict flu outbreaks, and last week World Bank economist Erik Feyen said he could cut errors in a model that forecasts lendi

55、ng to the private sector by 15% using Google search data.But real-time results could have even more predictive power: knowing what people are actually doing, not just thinking, at a particular instant gives a strong hint of the future consequences.Johan Bollen of Los Alamos National Laboratory and A

56、lberto Pepe of the University of California, Los Angeles, applied a mood rating system to the text from over 10,000 Future Me emails sent in 2006 to gauge peoples hopes, fears and predictions for the future. They found that emails directed at 2007 to 2012 were significantly more depressed in tone th

57、an messages aimed at the subsequent six years. Could they have predicted the worlds current economic slump?Without more data, that is no more than an intriguing possibility. So Bollen plans to look at more Future Me emails, as well as Twitter messages, to search for mood swings that foreshadow other

58、 economic changes. If he finds any such links, the same sources might be used to try and predict future economic fluctuations.So will our online footsteps become a central part of economic forecasting? Well have to wait and seeor perhaps do a quick web search.1.What is “real-time” web search like Tw

59、itter?2.What is the result of research established by Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian?3.What can we infer from Para. 5?4.Whats the meaning of “Without more data, that is no more than an intriguing possibility.”？5.Whats the attitude of author to real-time search?问题1选项A.It tells us wh

60、at people did in past days.B.It generates quite a buzz in recent days.C.It provides latest news about everything.D.It informs what people do in the future.问题2选项A.They gain nothing special from the combination of data and models.B.They indeed reveal something about peoples intentions in such areas.C.

61、They find that the future trends cannot be predicted from the research.D.They totally understand the future trends of these areas from research.问题3选项A.It is possible for researchers to get some hints from the Future Me emails.B.There is no relationship between the depression and economic slump.C.The

62、re is a potential relationship between depression and economic slump.D.The Future Me emails may indicate peoples reaction about future prediction.问题4选项A.More data are necessary to turn this possibility to be reality.B.The possibility is just all intriguing possibility without data.C.No amount of data cannot be a strong proof for the possibility.D.More data are needed to turn it out to be a pure possibility.问题5选项A.Negative.B.Critical.C.Optimistic.D.Indifferent.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D