2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考前模拟强化练习题99（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on th

2、e planet, but the very life of the planet.Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledgebut desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bite

3、s are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs.For all these reasons I believedand I believe even more strongly todayin the unique and irreplaceable mission of universi

4、ties.【答案】科学技术的进步使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲，物质最基本的组成部分，以及生命的奇迹。与此同时，今天，人类所做的事情及没能做到的事情，不仅危害地球上的生命，而且危害地球自身的生命。全球化使世界变得更小、更快、更富有。然而，9/11、禽流感和伊朗问题提醒我们，更小、更快的世界不一定是一个更安全的世界。我们正处在一个知识爆炸的世界之中，但却迫切需要智慧。如今，在（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息排挤了散杂文，个人生活变得更加疯狂，这个世界需要的正是具有深刻反思能力的大学毕业生。基于所有这些原因，我相信，而且今天我更加坚信大学的独特和不可替代的使命。2. 单选题On a si

5、ngle weekend last month, there were three serious highway accidents in this country that (1) teenaged drivers. One of the result of this (2) weekend was a (3) public demand that high school students should be required to (4) a course of driving-training before receiving their drivers licenses. (5),

6、most of the high schools in this area have offered driver-training courses for many years. But these courses have always been (6), (7) required; and sometimes only a small fraction of the student body has actually been (8) in the courses. It would be an excellent idea, as I see it, to make driver tr

7、aining a required course.The opponents of this idea have (9) that providing driver training for every student would be very (10) and that the (11) would not be worth the price. It is true that the course would be costly. Our town school board has estimated that in order to provide driver training fo

8、r every high school student, they would need at least two more full-time instructors and two additional training cars, as well as (12) lab space and equipment. (13) the course of this program would be large, it must be (14) against the much greater costboth in money and in human sufferingof continui

9、ng to allow inexperienced and poorly trained people to join the ranks of licensed drivers. An effective drive-training program would certainly be worth the (15).问题1选项A.relatedB.includedC.involvedD.concerned问题2选项A.unluckyB.tragicC.horribleD.miserable问题3选项A.restoredB.recoveredC.revivedD.renewed问题4选项A.

10、giveB.makeC.takeD.hold问题5选项A.TrueB.RealC.SureD.Certain问题6选项A.randomB.objectiveC.auxiliaryD.elective问题7选项A.far fromB.rather thanC.as well asD.other than问题8选项A.adoptedB.receivedC.enrolledD.permitted问题9选项A.arguedB.agreedC.claimedD.assured问题10选项A.worthlessB.demandingC.impossibleD.expensive问题11选项A.result

11、sB.effectsC.coursesD.demands问题12选项A.extraB.specificC.hugeD.grand问题13选项A.WhenB.BecauseC.WhileD.Unless问题14选项A.showedB.comparedC.weighedD.measured问题15选项A.attentionB.expenseC.promotionD.success【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:C第6题:D第7题:B第8题:C第9题:A第10题:D第11题:A第12题:A第13题:C第14题:C第15题:B【解析】1.【选项释义】A. related与相关，

12、有联系 B. included包括，包含C. involved牵涉 D. concerned涉及，影响【答案】C【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】that引导的定语从句修饰前面的先行词highway accidents（高速交通事故），空缺部分在从句中充当谓语动词，由后面的宾语teenaged drivers（青少年司机）可以推测，空缺部分表示“涉及”；involve可以表示“某人参与了一种情况、一件事或一项活动或从中受到影响”，符合该处语义。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项一般常与to搭配使用；B项表示整体与部分的关系，不符合句子语义；D项表示“牵涉某人”常用被动语态。【句意】就在上个月

13、的一个周末，美国就发生了三起严重的公路交通事故，都是由青少年司机造成的。2.【选项释义】A. unlucky不幸的，倒霉的 B. tragic悲剧的，悲痛的C. horrible可怕的，极讨厌的 D. miserable非常难受的，可怜的【答案】B【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】空缺处缺少一个定语修饰后面的weekend（周末），而上一句提到这个周末发生了三起严重的交通事故，所以可以推测这个周末是“悲剧的”。因此，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A项一般指运气不好或缺少机遇，不符合上下文语义衔接；C项一般用来形容令人恐惧的事物，上文描述的是严重的交通事故，用“悲剧的”会更合适，因此该项不符合上下

14、文语义衔接；D项形容人不开心或者不舒服，不符合上下文语义衔接。【句意】这个悲惨周末的结果之一是。3.【选项释义】A. restored精力充沛的，精力恢复的 B. recovered重新找到的C. revived复活的，再生的 D. renewed再次发生的，再次兴起的【答案】D【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】that引导的同位语是对前面的public demand（公共需求）的解释，即“高中生在拿到驾驶证之前都应该学习驾驶训练课程”，下一句提到“大多数高中都开设了多年的驾驶培训课程”，说明以前已经有驾驶课程了，所以这次事件造成这种公共需求被再次提出，因此本题正确答案为D选项。【干扰项排除】

15、A项是指恢复某种情况或感受；B项是指找回丢失的物品；C项是指经济、商业、趋势或感觉等事物的复苏。【句意】这个悲剧性周末的结果之一是，公众的需求再次被提出。4.【选项释义】A. give给予 B. make使得，制造C. take拿走，参加 D. hold持有，拥有【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据下文“大多数高中都开设了多年的驾驶培训课程”可知，此句表示“高中生在拿到驾驶证之前都应该学习驾驶训练课程”，由course可知，take a course固定搭配，表示“参加一门课程”。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项都没有这个搭配。【句意】这个悲剧性的周末的结果之一是，公众

16、再次要求高中学生在获得驾照之前应该参加驾驶培训课程。5.【选项释义】A. True真实地，准确地 B. Real真正地，确实地C. Sure当然，的确 D. Certain必然的，确信【答案】C【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】根据句子可知，句子结构完整，所以空缺处只能填一个副词做状语，四个选项中只有C项可以做句子状语，表示同意。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B项只能用在句中；D项为形容词，不能做状语。【句意】当然，这个地区的大多数高中都开设了多年的驾驶培训课程。6.【选项释义】A. random随机的，任意的 B. objective客观的C. auxiliary辅助的，附加的 D.

17、elective选修的【答案】D【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】这一句用到了but，说明上下文含义有转折，上文说“高中生应该被要求（required）学习驾驶课程”，这一句却说“但是这些课程经常是_”，所以空缺处内容应该与required含义相反，那就是“非必修的”，即选修课程。因此，该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句间逻辑。【句意】但这些课程都是选修课。7.【选项释义】A. far from远离，远非，完全不 B. rather than不是，而不是C. as well as也；和一样 D. other than除了，不同于【答案】B【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】由空格后的r

18、equired（必修的）和前面的elective（选修的）可知，前后为对比关系，所以用rather than符合前后逻辑。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句子前后逻辑。【句意】但这些课程一直是选修课，而不是必修课。8.【选项释义】A. adopted采取，收养 B. received收到，接受C. enrolled登记，入学 D. permitted允许，批准【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据句子意思“只有一小部分学生真正_这些课程”，以及该段第二句提到take a course（参加课程），所以该空格处同样要填入表示“参加”的词语，而be enrolled in为固定搭配，表示“

19、参加，入学”。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合此搭配。【句意】有时，只有一小部分学生真正参加了这些课程。9.【选项释义】A. argued争论，辩论 B. agreed同意，赞成C. claimed声称，宣称 D. assured确信，确保【答案】A【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】根据关键信息The opponents of this idea（这一观点的反对者）可知，发言人为这种观点的反对者，因此他们会对这种观点进行争论，故本题正确答案为A选项。【干扰项排除】B、D项不符合句子逻辑；C项一般指某人断言某件事情是真实的，也不符合句子逻辑。【句意】这一观点的反对者认为。10.

20、【选项释义】A. worthless无价值的，不值钱的 B. demanding要求高的，费力的C. impossible不可能的，难以忍受的 D. expensive昂贵的，价格高的【答案】D【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】根据下一句“诚然，这一课程将耗资巨大”可知，这种驾驶培训价格是比较昂贵的，因此空格处填入expensive符合上下文语义衔接。所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合上下文语义。【句意】这一想法的反对者认为，为每个学生提供驾驶员培训将是非常昂贵的。11.【选项释义】A. results结果，后果 B. effects影响，效果C. courses课程 D. d

21、emands需求【答案】A【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】根据句子意思“反对者认为驾驶培训昂贵，_不值得这个价钱”，结合逻辑可知空缺处是表示“驾驶培训的结果”不值这个价钱，“结果”是驾驶培训直接得出的，result指由于某一行动、计划或事件等带来的直接后果，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】C、D项不符合句子语义逻辑；B项指由于某一行动、计划或事件等带来的间接后果或某一事物产生的效应，不符合此处逻辑。【句意】这一想法的反对者认为，为每个学生提供驾驶员培训将是非常昂贵的，其结果也不值得这样的代价。12.【选项释义】A. extra额外的，另外的 B. specific特殊的，特定C. huge巨大

22、的，庞大的 D. grand宏伟的，豪华的【答案】A【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】as well as（和）表示并列，说明空格处的成分和前面的additional（额外的，附加的）为相等成分，所以空缺处同样填入一个表示“额外的”词语，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合语义逻辑。【句意】市教育委员会估计，为了给每个高中生提供驾驶员培训，他们至少需要两名全职教师，另外附加两辆训练车，以及额外的实验室空间和设备。13.【选项释义】A. When当时 B. Because因为C. While然而，尽管；当时 D. Unless除非【答案】C【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】根据后半句的

23、意思“继续允许没有经验和没有受过良好训练的人加入执照司机行列，将付出更大的代价”可知，驾驶培训课程代价确实比较大，但要比允许青少年直接上路所带来的代价小得多。两句之间存在让步关系，故本题正确答案为C选项。【干扰项排除】A项表示时间；B项表示因果关系；D项表示条件。【句意】虽然驾驶培训课程花费巨大。14.【选项释义】A. showed展示 B. compared比较C. weighed权衡 D. measured测量，估量【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据句子的意思“它与继续允许没有经验和没有受过良好训练的人加入持照司机的行列_，金钱和人员伤害的代价要更大”，其中“它”指的是“驾驶培

24、训课程的代价”，理解可知，空格处表示这两者的比较，而be weighed against为固定搭配，表示“和相比较，权衡”。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、D项不符合句子意思；B项一般与to或者with搭配。【句意】虽然驾驶培训课程花费巨大，但它与继续允许没有经验和没有受过良好训练的人加入持照司机的行列相比，金钱和人员伤害的代价要更大。15.【选项释义】A. attention注意，关注 B. expense开支，花费C. promotion提升，促销 D. success成功【答案】B【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】上文在说“开设驾驶课程花费巨大，但是与允许青少年直接上路所带来的代价

25、相比小得多”，然后这一句接着说到“一个有效的驾驶培训项目肯定值得_”，可知空格处表示“花费”。所以，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合上下文语义。【句意】一个有效的驾驶训练项目肯定是值得这个价钱的。3. 单选题The question is _to land men there.问题1选项A.if safe it willB.if will be safeC.whether it will be safeD.whether safe it will be【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. if safe it will如果安全 B. if will be safe如果安全C. wh

26、ether it will be safe是否安全 D. whether safe it will be是否安全【答案】C【考查点】表语从句。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处应该是填入一个表语从句，而if不能引导表语从句，但是whether可以，而且从句中应该用陈述语序。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不能引导表语从句；D项从句不是陈述语序。【句意】问题是让人在那里着陆是否安全。4. 单选题A As regards our foreign policy, it is B no less our interest C as our duty to maintain the most

27、 Friendly D relations with other countries.问题1选项A.As regardsB.no lessC.asD.relations【答案】C【解析】【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】短语no less than为固定搭配，表示“不少于，多达”。因此，本题应将C选项改为than。【句意】至于我们的外交政策，与其他国家保持最友好的关系既是我们的利益，也是我们的责任。5. 单选题Prices for cars in the U.S. can run _ $20,800.问题1选项A.as high asB.so high asC.so high toD.

28、so high that【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. as high as高达 B. so high as那么高C. so high to如此高 D. so high that如此高以致于【答案】A【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据句子意思“美国的汽车价格_ 20800美元”可知，空格处填入“高达”符合句意，且asas为固定搭配，表示“和一样”。因此，该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C项没有这个用法；D项后面一般要跟句子。【句意】在美国，汽车的价格可高达20800美元。6. 单选题When Bartley Hubbard went to interview Silas Lapham f

29、or the “Solid Men of Boston” series, which he undertook to finish up in The Events, after he replaced the originator of the project on that newspaper, Lapham received him in his private office by previous appointment.“Walk right in!” he called out to the journalist, whom he caught sight of through t

30、he door of the counting room.He did not rise from the desk at which he was writing, but he gave Bartley his left hand for welcome, and he rolled his large head in the direction of a vacant chair. “Sit down! Ill be with you in just half a minute.”“Take your time,” said Bartley, with the ease he insta

31、ntly felt. “Im in no hurry.” He took a note-book from his pocket, laid it on his knee, and began to sharpen a pencil.“There!” Lapham pounded with his great hairy fist on the envelope he had been addressing. “William!” he called out, and he handed the letter to a boy who came to get it. I want that t

32、o go right away. Well, sir,” he continued, wheeling round in his leather-cushioned swivel chair, and facing Bartley, seated so near that their knees almost touched, “so you want my life, death, and Christian sufferings, do you, young man?”“Thats what Im after,” said Bartley. “Your money or your life

33、.”“I guess you wouldnt want my life without the money,” said Lapham, as if he were willing to prolong these moments of preparation.“Take them both,” Bartley suggested, “Dont want your money without your life, if you come to that. But youre just one million times more interesting to the public than i

34、f you hadnt a dollar; and you know that as well as I do; Mr. Lapham. Theres no use beating around the bush.”“No,” said Lapham, somewhat absently. He put out his huge foot and pushed the ground-glass door shut between his little den and the book-keepers, in their larger den outside.“In personal appea

35、rance wrote Bartley in the sketch for which he now studied his subject, while he waited patiently for him to continue, “Silas Lapham is a fine type of the successful American. He has a square, bold chin, only partially concealed by the short reddish-grey beard, growing to the edges of his firmly clo

36、sing lips. His nose is short and straight; his forehead good, but broad rather than high; his eyes blue, and with a light in them that is kindly or sharp according to his mood. He is of medium height, and fills an average arm-chair with a solid bulk, which on the day of our interview was unpretentio

37、usly clad in a business suit of blue serge. His head droops somewhat from a short neck, which does not trouble itself to rise far from a pair of massive shoulders.”“I dont know as I know just where you want me to begin,” said Lapham.“Might begin with your birth; thats where most of us begin,” replie

38、d Bartley.A gleam of humorous appreciation shot into Laphams blue eyes.“I didnt know whether you wanted me to go quite so far back as that,” he said. “But theres no disgrace in having been born, and I. was born in the State of Vermont, pretty well up under the Canada lineso well up, in fact I came v

39、ery near being an adoptive citizen; for I was bound to be an American of some sort, from the word Go! That was aboutwell, let me see!pretty near sixty years ago; this is 75, and that was 20. Well, say Im fifty-five years old; and I have lived em, too; not an hour of waste time about me, anywhere! I

40、was born on a farm, and”“Worked in the fields summers and went to school winters: regulation thing?” Bartley cut in.“Regulation thing,” said Lapham, accepting this irreverent version of his history somewhat dryly.“Parents poor, of course,” suggested the journalist. “Any barefoot business? Early depr

41、ivation of any kind, that would encourage the youthful reader to go and do likewise? Orphan myself, you know,” said Bartley, with a smile of cynical good-comradery.Lapham looked at him silently, and then said with quiet self-respect, “I guess if you see these things as a joke, my life wont interest

42、you.”“Oh yes, it will,” returned Bartley, unabashed. “Youll see; itll come out all right.” And in fact it did so, in the interview which Bartley printed.“Mr. Lapham” he wrote, “passed rapidly over the story of his early life, its poverty and its hardships, sweetened, however, by the recollections of

43、 a devoted mother, and a father who, if somewhat her inferior in education, was no less ambitious for the advancement of his children. They were quiet, unpretentious people, religious, after the fashion of that time, and of sterling morality, and they taught their children the simple virtues of the

44、Old Testament and Poor Richards Almanac.”Bartley could not deny himself this gibe; but he trusted to Laphams unliterary habit of mind for his security in making it, and most other people would consider it sincere reporters rhetoric.1 The narrator includes the fact that Lapham met Bartley “in his pri

45、vate office by previous appointment” to suggest that Lapham _.2. Laphams reaction to Bartleys arrival in his office can best be described as _.3. Bartley informs Lapham that he is an orphan himself for all the following reasons EXCEPT: _.4. According to Bartleys sketch of Lapham, Silas credits his p

46、arents with _.5. Throughout the passage, Bartleys attitude toward Lapham can best be described as one of _.问题1选项A.managed to squeeze Barley into a busy schedule of appointmentsB.has hired an office staff to attend to the details of the businessC.wishes to enhance his image and statusD.knows that Bar

47、tley plans to ask him personal questions问题2选项A.antagonistic; he takes an instant dislike to BartleyB.casual; he wants to appear an easygoing fellow and laid backC.cordial; he treats Bartley like a welcome guestD.indifferent; he has more pressing matters to attend to问题3选项A.to insinuate that Laphams d

48、eprivations were not uniqueB.to win Laphams sympathyC.to establish rapport with LaphamD.to lighten up the conversation问题4选项A.bestowing on him an honest and open personalityB.motivating him to succeed in lifeC.exposing him to the Old Testament and Poor Richards AlmanacD.toughening him up for a career

49、 as a businessman问题5选项A.cynicismB.resentmentC.contemptD.Ingratitude【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】1. The narrator includes the fact that Lapham met Bartley “in his private office by previous appointment” to suggest that Lapham _. 1 叙述者描述了拉帕姆与巴特利“在他的私人办公室会面”的事实，以此暗示拉帕姆_。A. managed to squeez

50、e Barley into a busy schedule of appointments A. 设法把巴利挤进了繁忙的会议日程中B. has hired an office staff to attend to the details of the business B. 已雇用办公室职员来处理业务细节C. wishes to enhance his image and status C. 希望提升自己的形象和地位D. knows that Bartley plans to ask him personal questions D. 知道巴特利打算问他一些私人问题【答案】D【考查点】推理判断

51、题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段“当巴特利哈伯德代替报纸上的项目发起人去采访塞拉斯拉帕姆的波士顿的好人系列时，拉帕姆按照事先的约定在他的私人办公室里接待了他”，由此可推断，在私人办公室进行的采访肯定会涉及一些私人问题，并且下文对于他们两个谈话的描述也可以看出，巴特利采访涉及到了拉帕姆从出生开始到以后的事情，所以该题选择D项“知道巴特利打算问他一些私人问题”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“设法把巴利挤进了繁忙的会议日程中”和C项“希望提升自己的形象和地位”没有提到，这两项属于无中生有；B项“已雇用办公室职员来处理业务细节”，文中没有提到办公室职员，只提到一个取信的男孩，该项属于无中生有。2.【

52、选项释义】2. Laphams reaction to Bartleys arrival in his office can best be described as _. 2. 拉帕姆对巴特利来到他办公室的反应可以用_来描述。A. antagonistic; he takes an instant dislike to Bartley A. 敌对的；他一见到巴特利就不喜欢B. casual; he wants to appear an easygoing fellow and laid back B. 随意的；他想表现得随和C. cordial; he treats Bartley like

53、 a welcome guest C. 热诚的；他把巴特利当作受欢迎的客人D. indifferent; he has more pressing matters to attend to D. 漠不关心的；他有更紧急的事情要处理【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段的内容“他没有从写字的桌子上站起来，只是向巴特利伸出左手表示欢迎，然后把他的大脑袋转到一张空椅子上。并说：坐下来！我半分钟后就来找你”，从中可以看出，拉帕姆是有其他事情需要处理，对巴特利的态度是比较冷漠的。因此，该题选择D项“漠不关心的；他有更紧急的事情要处理”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“敌对的；他一见到巴特利就

54、不喜欢”和B项“随意的；他想表现得随和”在原文没有体现，属于无中生有；C项“热诚的；他把巴特利当作受欢迎的客人”由解题思路可知，与原文相反，属于反向干扰。3.【选项释义】3. Bartley informs Lapham that he is an orphan himself for all the following reasons EXCEPT: _. 3. 巴特利告诉拉帕姆，他自己也是一个孤儿，原因如下，除了_。A. to insinuate that Laphams deprivations were not unique A. 暗示拉帕姆的贫困不是唯一的B. to win Laph

55、ams sympathy B. 为了赢得拉帕姆的同情C. to establish rapport with Lapham C. 与拉帕姆建立融洽关系D. to lighten up the conversation D. 为了让谈话轻松些【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第十七段“巴特利脸上带着讥讽的友好的微笑（with a smile of cynical good-comradery）说：父母当然很穷，这是白手起家吗？任何形式的早期剥夺，会鼓励年轻的读者去做同样的事情吗？我自己也是个孤儿，你知道的。”和第十八段“拉帕姆默默地看着他，然后带着平静的自尊说：我猜如果你把这些事情

56、看成一个笑话，你就不会对我的生活感兴趣了。”理解可知，当巴特利告诉拉帕姆，他自己也是一个孤儿时，谈话并没有轻松下来。因此，该题选择D项符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“暗示拉帕姆的贫困不是唯一的”、B项“为了赢得拉帕姆的同情”和C项“与拉帕姆建立融洽关系”从第十七段的内容可以看出来，这三项符合原文，属于反向干扰。4.【选项释义】4. According to Bartleys sketch of Lapham, Silas credits his parents with _. 4. 根据巴特利对拉帕姆的简报，塞拉斯认为他的父母_。A. bestowing on him an honest and

57、 open personality A. 赋予了他诚实和开放的性格B. motivating him to succeed in life B. 激励他在生活中取得成功C. exposing him to the Old Testament and Poor Richards Almanac C. 让他接触了旧约和穷理查年鉴D. toughening him up for a career as a businessman D. 让他成为一名商人【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至倒数第二段巴特利对拉帕姆的简单描述“拉帕姆先生他很快就忘掉了他早年的生活，那贫穷和艰辛的生活

58、，然而，他回忆起一位慈爱的母亲和一位虽不如她受教育程度高，但对孩子们的进步也同样雄心勃勃的父亲，使他的生活变得更加美好。他们是安静、朴实的人，信仰宗教，符合当时的风尚，具有高尚的道德。他们把旧约和穷理查年鉴中的简单美德教给孩子们。”可知，塞拉斯拉帕姆认为即使早年生活贫困，父母教育程度不高，但是他们仍然会尽力使他的生活变得更加美好，激励他进步。因此，该题选择B项“激励他在生活中取得成功”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“赋予了他诚实和开放的性格”和D项“让他成为一名商人”在原文没有提到，属于无中生有；C项“让他接触了旧约和穷理查年鉴”表述比较片面，属于以偏概全。5.【选项释义】5. Througho

59、ut the passage, Bartleys attitude toward Lapham can best be described as one of _. 5. 在整篇文章中，巴特利对拉帕姆的态度可以用_来描述。A. cynicism A. 玩世不恭B. resentment B. 愤恨C. contempt C. 轻视，蔑视D. Ingratitude D. 忘恩负义【答案】C【考查点】观点态度题。【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句“巴特利无法克制自己的这种嘲弄（gibe）”，和第十七段最后一句提到“带着讥讽的（cynical）友好的微笑”，从gibe和cynical这两个词可以看出，

60、巴特利对拉帕姆的态度是轻蔑的。因此，该题选择C项“轻视，蔑视”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“玩世不恭”、B项“愤恨”和D项“忘恩负义”根据解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。7. 单选题He thinks about nothing but playing chess. Hes completely _ to it.问题1选项A.addictedB.ascribedC.temptedD.overcome【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. addicted沉溺于，入迷，上瘾 B. ascribed归于，归咎于C. tempted引诱，吸引 D. overcome战胜，克服【答案】A【考查点】动词辨

61、析。【解题思路】由关键信息“He thinks about nothing but playing chess（他只想着下棋）”可知，他对下棋入了迷，除了这件事无心去做其他。因此，只有A选项词义最符合句意。且固定搭配“be addicted to”表示“对上瘾，沉溺于”。故本题正确答案为A选项。【干扰项排除】B项be ascribed to（归结于）、C项be tempted to（受诱惑做某事）和D项不符合句意。【句意】他只想着下棋。他完全上瘾了。8. 单选题It has been said that management is a science and that leadership is an art. Management is comprised of concrete, measurable skills: planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Thumb through any management textbook and youll see specific models, formulas, procedures, or t