2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前模拟强化练习题79（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题Any sufficiently advanced technology, noted Arthur C. Clarke, a British science-fiction writer, is indistinguishable from magic. The fast-emerging technology of voice computing proves his point. (1) Using it is just like casting a spell; say a few words

2、into the air, and a nearby device can grant your wish. Dictating e-mails and text messages now works reliably enough to be useful. For example, Apple s Siri handles over 2bn commands a week, and 20% of Google searches on Android-powered handsets in America are input by voice. Why type when you can t

3、alk?This is a huge shift. Simple though it may seem, voice has the power to transform computing, by providing a natural means of interaction. Windows, icons and menus, and then touchscreens, were welcomed as more intuitive ways to deal with computers than entering complex keyboard commands. But bein

4、g able to talk to computers abolishes the need for the abstraction of a “user interface” at all. (2) Just as mobile phones were more than existing phones without wires, and cars were more than carriages without horses, so computers without screens and keyboards have the potential to be more useful,

5、powerful and ubiquitous than people can imagine today.Voice will not wholly replace other forms of input and output. Sometimes it will remain more convenient to converse with a machine by typing rather than talking (Amazon is said to be working on an Echo device with a built-in screen). (3) But voic

6、e is destined to account for a growing share of peoples interactions with the technology around them, from washing machines that tell you how much of the cycle they have left to virtual assistants in corporate call-centers.【答案】1. 使用这项语音计算技术就像施咒一样，对着空气说几句话，附近的一个装置就能实施你的指令。2. 正如移动电话不仅仅是没有电线的电话，汽车也不仅仅是

7、没有马的马车一样，没有屏幕和键盘的电脑可能会比今天人们所想象的更有用、更强大、更无处不在。3. 但从洗衣机告诉你它们还剩多久的使用寿命到企业呼叫中心的虚拟助手，语音注定要在人们与周围技术的互动中占据越来越大的份额。2. 不定项选择题The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related con

8、cepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties

9、 to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function in the disservice of one another. Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one

10、another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of huma

11、n societies.Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or

12、 maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for the occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle

13、 for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessfu

14、l decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.1. In the first paragraph, the author gives the definitions of s

15、ome terms in order to _.2. According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that _.3. The phrase “function in the disservice of one another” (Para 1) most probably means “_”.4. The author indicates in the passage that conflict _.5. The passage is probably intended to answer the question

16、 “_”.问题1选项A.argue for the similarities between animal societies and human societiesB.smooth out the conflicts in human societiesC.distinguish between two kinds of oppositionD.summarize the characteristic features of opposition and cooperation问题2选项A.it results in war in most casesB.it induces efforts

17、 to expand territoryC.it is a kind of opposition among social entitiesD.it is essentially a struggle for existence问题3选项A.betray each otherB.harm one anotherC.help to collaborate with each otherD.benefit one another问题4选项A.is an inevitable struggle resulting from competitionB.reflects the struggle amo

18、ng social animalsC.is an opposition among individual social entitiesD.can be avoided问题5选项A.Is war inevitable?B.Why is there conflict and competition?C.Is conflict desirable?D.Can competition lead to conflict?【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.【选项释义】1. In the first paragraph, the author gives the def

19、initions of some terms in order to _. 1. 在第一段，作者给出了一些术语的定义，以便_。A. argue for the similarities between animal societies and human societies A. 论证动物社会和人类社会之间的相似性B. smooth out the conflicts in human societies B. 消除人类社会中的冲突C. distinguish between two kinds of opposition C. 区分两种对立D. summarize the character

20、istic features of opposition and cooperation D. 总结对立与合作的特点【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章第一段倒数第二句“这些定义是必要的，因为必须强调的是在一个资源有限的世界中，个人或群体之间的竞争是不可避免的，但冲突不是”可推断，作者在文章开头对竞争和冲突下定义的目的是为了指出这两者的区别，所以C项“区分两种对立”正确。【干扰项排除】A项“论证动物社会和人类社会之间的相似性”，文章的中心是为了解释冲突和竞争，A项表述与中心不符，属于曲解原文；B项“消除人类社会中的冲突”，文章没有指出要消除人类社会的冲突，属于无中生有；D项“总结对立与合

21、作的特点”，文中没有对合作进行详细说明，该项曲解原文。2.【选项释义】2. According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that _. 2. 作者认为，竞争与冲突的区别在于_。A. it results in war in most cases A. 在大多数情况下，这会导致战争B. it induces efforts to expand territory B. 这引发了扩张领土的努力C. it is a kind of opposition among social entities C. 这是社会实体之间的

22、一种对立D. it is essentially a struggle for existence D. 这本质上是一场生存斗争【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段前两句“许多作家根据动物世界为生存而进行的斗争中存在着适者生存的规律这一前提，论证战争是不可避免的。然而，一般来说，这种斗争在自然界中是竞争，而不是冲突。”可知，竞争和冲突的区别在于，竞争是为了生存而进行的斗争，所以D项“这本质上是一场生存的斗争”正确。【干扰项排除】A项“在大多数情况下，这会导致战争”在文章没有进行说明，属于无中生有；B项“这引发了扩张领土的努力”根据最后一段最后一句“诚然，这种竞争可能导致以牺牲他人为代价

23、的领土扩张，从而导致冲突”可知，这是竞争的结果，不是竞争和冲突的区别，该项属于曲解原文；C项“这是社会实体之间的一种对立”这是竞争的定义，不是其区别，该项偷换概念。3.【选项释义】3. The phrase “function in the disservice of one another” (Para 1) most probably means “_”. 3. 第一段中的短语“function in the disservice of one another”最有可能是“_”的意思。A. betray each other A. 互相背叛B. harm one another B. 互相

24、伤害C. help to collaborate with each other C. 帮助彼此合作D. benefit one another D. 互相受益【考查点】词义推测题。【解题思路】根据题干定位到文章的第一段第五句“冲突和竞争都是对立的范畴，对立被定义为社会实体相互损害（function in the disservice of one another）的过程”，结合第六句指出“因此，对立与合作形成对比，合作是社会实体相互服务（function in the service of one another）的过程”可知disservice 是service的相反意思；因此可知diss

25、ervice 是带有负面感情色彩的词，所以可以推断disservice表示“帮倒忙的行为，伤害”等，故该题选择B项“互相伤害”符合题意。【干扰项排除】C项“帮助彼此合作”和D项“互相受益”根据解题思路可知，这两项属于反向干扰；A项“互相背叛”根据解题思路可知，属于曲解原文。4.【选项释义】4. The author indicates in the passage that conflict _. 4. 作者在文中指出，冲突_。A. is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition A. 是由于竞争而产生的一种不可避免的斗争B. refl

26、ects the struggle among social animals B. 反映了群居动物之间的斗争C. is an opposition among individual social entities C. 是个体社会实体之间的对立D. can be avoided D. 可以避免【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段最后两句“这些定义是必要的，因为必须强调的是在一个资源有限的世界中，个人或群体之间的竞争是不可避免的，但冲突不是。然而，冲突很可能发生，而且可能是人类社会的一个基本和可取的因素。”可知，竞争的发生是不可避免的，但冲突不是不可避免的，也就是说冲突虽然可能发生，但是

27、可以避免，所以该题选择D项“可以避免”。【干扰项排除】A项“是由于竞争而产生的一种不可避免的斗争”文章没有明确指出冲突是竞争导致的，而且文章指出冲突是可以避免的，该项曲解原文；B项“反映了群居动物之间的斗争”根据第二段第二句“然而，一般来说，这种斗争在自然界中是竞争，而不是冲突”可知，竞争才反映了群居动物之间的斗争，该项曲解原文；C项“是个体社会实体之间的对立”是冲突的定义，并不是作者的观点，属于出处错位。5.【选项释义】5. The passage is probably intended to answer the question “_”. 5. 这篇文章可能是要回答“_”这个问题。A.

28、 Is war inevitable? A. 战争是不可避免的吗？B. Why is there conflict and competition? B. 为什么会有冲突和竞争？C. Is conflict desirable? C. 冲突是可取的吗？D. Can competition lead to conflict? D. 竞争会导致冲突吗？【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】文章开头给出了本文的中心问题“战争是否不可避免是世界上许多伟大作家所关心的问题”，然后文章最后一句话又强调了“不能说国家之间的战争式冲突是不可避免的，尽管竞争是不可避免的”，综合理解可知，这篇文章讨论的问题是“战争能

29、够避免”，所以A项“战争不可避免吗？”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“为什么会有冲突和竞争？”、C项“冲突是可取的吗？”和D项“竞争会导致冲突吗？”表述不够全面，属于以偏概全。3. 翻译题2. I climbed heights in order to see the splendid granite mountain in its fullest view. In this experience I had been seeking the aesthetic. I knew I would find it, for I had seen post cards in advance and w

30、as following the map. The seeking took considerable effort and time. It was a heavy investment. I was not going for the scientific purpose of studying rock formation, or was it for the recreational purpose of exercising my limbs in the fresh air, though that exertion added intensity to the experienc

31、e and was its context.【答案】2. 为了饱览壮丽的花岗岩山峰的全景，我登上了高地。这次旅程中我一直在捕捉一种美感。我知道会如愿以偿，因为我事先看过一些有关的风景明信片，循着山路示意图一路找来。这样的寻找费时费力，投入颇大。尽管这次跋涉加深了我对美的体验，而且是这番体验的不可或缺的环节，但我此行的目的既不是出于对科学的动机来研究岩石的结构，也不是出于娱乐消遣的考虑在清新的空气中舒展肢体。4. 单选题He knew nothing about Beijing; he _ there.问题1选项A.mustnt have goneB.couldnt have goneC.mus

32、tnt have beenD.couldnt have been【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. mustnt have gone肯定没有去过 B. couldnt have gone不可能去过C. mustnt have been肯定没有去过 D. couldnt have been不可能去过【考查点】情态动词的用法。【解题思路】按照句意“他对北京一无所知；他_那里”可知，空格处表示对前文的推测，他对北京一无所知，也就是说他不可能去过那里，couldnt表示推测，been暗示旅程已结束，并已返回出发地，所以该题选择D项符合。【干扰项排除】A、C项mustnt表示“禁止”的意思，不符合句意；

33、B项中的gone暗示旅程仍在进行中，未返回出发地，也不符合句意。【句意】他对北京一无所知；他不可能去过那里。5. 单选题It can be painful for parents when their children feel out of sync with others, but it is unwise _ on the importance of fitting in; children get enough of that message in the outside world.问题1选项A.laying a lot of importanceB.to put too much

34、emphasisC.to give a large amount of concernD.throwing a great deal of anxiety【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. laying a lot of importance强调重要性 B. to put too much emphasis强调重要性C. to give a large amount of concern大量关注 D. throwing a great deal of anxiety造成极大的焦虑【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据unwise可知，unwise to do是固定搭配，表示“做某事是不明智的”，

35、根据句意“当孩子感到与他人不同步时，父母可能会感到痛苦，但_重要性是不明智的”可知，空格处表示“过分强调，过分关注”符合句意，所以B项符合。【干扰项排除】A项importance一般和attach搭配；C项concern是不可数名词，要用much搭配；D项不符合unwise to do（做某事不明智）的搭配。【句意】当孩子感到与他人不同步时，父母可能会感到痛苦，但过分强调融入的重要性是不明智的；孩子们从外面的世界中已经足够了解这一点了。6. 单选题_ when she started to complaining.问题1选项A.Not until he arrivedB.No sooner h

36、ad he arrivedC.Scarcely did he arriveD.Hardly had he arrived【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. Not until he arrived直到他到达 B. No sooner had he arrived他一到达C. Scarcely did he arrive 他一到达 D. Hardly had he arrived他一到达【考查点】倒装句。【解题思路】根据句子中的when可知，scarcely/hardlywhen为倒装结构，表示“一就”，句子要部分倒装；根据started可知，事情发生在过去，她开始抱怨是在他到达之后，所以空格处

37、要用过去完成时，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A项不与when搭配；B项一般与than搭配。【句意】他刚到，她就开始抱怨起来。7. 单选题If I had seen the movie, I _ you all about it now.问题1选项A.would tellB.will tellC.have toldD.would have told【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. would tell将告诉 B. will tell将告诉C. have told已经告诉 D. would have told本将告诉【考查点】虚拟语气。【解题思路】根据had seen可知，从句表示对过去的虚

38、拟，而主句用了now，可知主句是与现在事实相反，结构要用would/should/could/might + do，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B项在虚拟语气中，情态动词不用will；C、D项不符合虚拟语气的语法。【句意】如果我看了那部电影，我现在就告诉你。8. 单选题Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _.问题1选项A.who is heB.who it isC.who he isD.who is it【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. who is he他是谁 B. who it is它是谁C. who he is他是谁 D. who

39、 is it它是谁【考查点】宾语从句。【解题思路】分析句子可知，空格处为宾语从句，跟在动词go和see的后面，根据前一句“有人在按门铃”可知，宾语从句引导要用who，从句要用陈述语气，who指的是someone，所以要用代词he，该题选择C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、D项不是陈述语气；B项it不指人。【句意】有人在按门铃。去看看他是谁。9. 单选题A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.问题1选项A.smokeB.smokingC.to smokeD.smoked【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. smok

40、e吸烟v. B. smoking吸烟v.-ingC. to smoke吸烟 D. smoked吸烟v.-ed【考查点】非谓语动词。【解题思路】分析句子可知，find后面要接一个分词做宾语补足语，按照句意“如果厨师被发现在厨房_，他将立即被解雇”可知，smoke和he的关系是主动，所以要用现在分词形式，find sb. doing表示“发现某人在做”，所以该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A项是动词原形，不符合句子结构；C项不定式表示目的或者将来，与find不构成搭配；D项find sb. done表示“发现某人被”，smoked与he的逻辑关系是被动，不符合句子逻辑。【句意】如果厨师被发现在厨房吸烟

41、，他将立即被解雇。10. 单选题“You try to get some sleep. Ill _ the patients breakfast”, said the nurse.问题1选项A.see toB.stick toC.get toD.lead to【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. see to注意，负责 B. stick to坚持C. get to到达，开始，接触到 D. lead to导致，通向【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】根据句意“我来_病人的早餐”可知，空格处填入see to表示“负责”符合句意，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】护士说：“你

42、试着睡一会儿。我来负责病人的早餐。”11. 单选题When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were _ by its complicated traffic system.问题1选项A.evokedB.bewilderedC.divertedD.undermined【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. evoked引起，唤起（感情、记忆或形象） B. bewildered使迷惑，使糊涂C. diverted使转向，转移（某人）的注意力 D. undermined逐渐削弱（信心、权威等），使逐步减少效力【考查点】动词辨析

43、。【解题思路】根据句意“农民们第一次进城时，他们被城市复杂的交通系统_”可知，他们是对城市复杂的交通系统感到困惑，所以该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】农民们第一次进城时，对城市复杂的交通系统感到迷惑不解。12. 单选题The hero of the book, Charles, is a conventional nineteenth-century gentleman; the heroine Sarah, _ by her lover, is a “fallen woman”, whom Charles tries to help.问题1选项A.to be di

44、scardedB.to have been abandonedC.having cast awayD.having been deserted【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. to be discarded被抛弃 B. to have been abandoned被遗弃C. having cast away丢掉 D. having been deserted被抛弃【考查点】非谓语动词。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处为非谓语动词做定语修饰the heroine Sarah（女主人公莎拉），通过介词by可知，此处表示被动，结合选项可知是表示“抛弃”，desert强调“违背允诺、誓言或责任”

45、违，尤其指“背叛、擅离职守”，所以D项符合。【干扰项排除】A项discard强调抛弃、丢弃无用的事物或永远放弃某个信念；B项abandon强调完全、永远地遗弃，尤其指遗弃以前负有责任的人或物；C项为主动语态，且cast away（丢掉）不符合句意。【句意】书中的主人公查尔斯是一位传统的19世纪绅士；被爱人抛弃的女主人公莎拉是一个“堕落的女人”，查尔斯试图帮助她。13. 单选题The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest and _ to everyone.问题1选项A.speculationB.att

46、ributionC.utilizationD.proposition【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. speculation推测，猜测 B. attribution归因，属性C. utilization利用，使用 D. proposition提议，建议（尤指业务上的）【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据句意“英国的天气出乎预料，因此引起了大家的兴趣和_”可知，因为天气是难以预料的，所以这引起英国人的对天气的猜测，该题选择A项恰当。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】英国的天气出乎预料，因此引起了大家的兴趣和猜测。14. 填空题Directions: In this section,

47、 there is a passage with five questions. After you have read the passage, answer each question in English. Write down your answer on ANSWER SHEET.A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages i

48、n the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers.All languages have rules for forming words and for ordering those words in sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters. In sp

49、oken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sounds. Many deaf people use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages.Word order is more important in English than it is in some other languages, such as Russian

50、. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa.Languages are always changing, but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words from other languages, and change the meanings of words as needed. For example, the English

51、word byte was invented by computer specialists in 1959. The English word tomato was borrowed from Nahuat, an American Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general.There are several major language families in the world. The languages in each family are rela

52、ted, and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come in different sizes. The Austronesian family contains at least 500 languages, including Pilipino, Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Spain, is the only member of its language family.The Indo

53、-European language family contains 55 languages, including English, German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi. Another language family is Sino-Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro-Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages

54、spoken today. These languages have many differences and have been divided into more than 50 language families.People learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most children learn their first languages easily, and sometimes other languages as well. Adults often mus

55、t work harder at learning a second language.1. How many languages are spoken all over the world?2. What are the language rules for?3. How is meaning expressed in sign language?4. What is more important in English compared with other languages?5. Which language is the only member of its language fami

56、ly?【答案】1.About 4,000 spoken languages.2.Forming words and ordering those words in sentences.3.By gestures.4.Word order.5.The Basque language.【解析】1.【选项释义】1. How many languages are spoken all over the world? 1. 世界上有多少种语言？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】第一段第二句提到“世界上大约有4000种语言”可知，答案为“大约4000种”。2.【选项释义】2. What are the l

57、anguage rules for? 2. 语言规则是什么？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“所有的语言都有构词和排列句子的规则”可知，语言规则是“构词和排列句子”。3.【选项释义】3. How is meaning expressed in sign language? 3. 如何用手语表达意思？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段最后一句“许多聋人使用手语，在手语中，手势起到了口语声音系统的作用”可知，聋人通过手势表达自己的意思。4.【选项释义】4. What is more important in English compared with other lan

58、guages? 4. 与其他语言相比，英语中什么更重要？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第三段第一句“词序在英语中比在其他一些语言中更重要，比如俄语”可知，英语中词序更重要。5.【选项释义】5. Which language is the only member of its language family? 5. 哪一种语言是其语系的唯一成员？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第五段最后一句“西班牙北部使用的巴斯克语是该语系的唯一成员”可知，巴斯克语是其语系的唯一成员。15. 单选题The directions were so _ that it was impossible to

59、 complete the assignment.问题1选项A.ingeniousB.ambitiousC.notoriousD.ambiguous【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. ingenious精巧的，新颖独特的 B. ambitious有野心的，有雄心的C. notorious声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的 D. ambiguous模棱两可的，含混不清的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据结果状语从句的内容“以至于不可能完成这项任务”可知，这个指示是不清楚的、模棱两可的，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符句意。【句意】指示如此模棱两可，以至于不可能完成这项任务。16. 单选题

60、_ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.问题1选项A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. That那个 B. Which哪个C. As作为 D. It它【考查点】非限制性定语从句。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，主句结构完整，所以前半句为非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个主句，空格处要填入一个引导词，而as引导非限制性定语从句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾，所以该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、D项不引导非限制性定语从句；B项引导非限制性定语从句不放在句首。【句意】众所周知，马克吐温

61、是伟大的美国作家。17. 单选题The thieves fled with the local police close on their _.问题1选项A.backsB.necksC.toesD.heels【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. backs（人体或动物的）背部，背 B. necks颈，脖子C. toes脚趾 D. heels足跟，脚后跟【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据句意“小偷逃跑了，当地警察_”可知，警察对小偷是紧跟不舍，根据close可以推知空格处表示“紧跟”的意思，而on ones heels也是常用搭配，表示“紧跟”，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不符合句意；C选项“toes”构成固定搭配on ones toes“警觉的；作好行动准备的”不符合句子逻辑关系，排除。【句意】小偷逃跑了，当地警察紧追不舍。18. 单选题Sometimes it is necessary to be careful _ the right date to sit for a test.问题1选项A.when choosingB.when you will chooseC.when you have chosenD.when you chose【答案】A