2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考前模拟强化练习题62（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was （ ）in tropical countries.问题1选项A.prospectiveB.prevalentC.provocativeD.perpetual【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prospective“未来的、预期的”；B选项prevalent“流行的、普遍的”；C选项provocative“刺激的、挑拨的”；D选项perpetual“永久的、永远的”，从句中关键词“eye d

2、isease眼疾，tropical countries热带国家”可联系到prevalent“流行的、普遍的”。句意为：一些研究证实这种眼疾在热带国家很普遍。故正确答案选B。2. 翻译题 Companies now realize that viruses arent “urban myth”, and can be a serious impact on their operations. They invest in anti-virus software on the desktops, servers and email gateways and even put in place pr

3、ocedures to ensure their anti-virus is up-to-date with the very latest detection routines. Anti-virus software detects most of the viruses your users are likely to encounteroften without the user even knowing. However, anti-virus software must be updated regularly, preferably daily in any large comp

4、any. Even then, a very new virus can infect your users. With the rapid transmission of files through networks and the Internet, a virus can spread a considerable distance before it can be identified and protected against.【答案】 各家公司现在意识到病毒并不是“现代神话”，而确实会严重影响到公司的运作。他们投资杀毒软件，安装在计算机、服务器以及电子邮件网关上，甚至还采取措施确保

5、使用最 新的检查程序，随时更新杀毒软件。杀毒软件确实能检测出用户会碰到的绝大多数病毒，而且往往在用户毫无察觉时就已经处理完毕。然而，软件必须定期更新，大公司则最好是每天更新一次。即使是这样，一种非常新的病毒也还是可能感染到用户。通过网络和互联网，文件可以快速地传输，等到人们发现一种病毒并加以防范时，病毒可能已经扩散到了相当的范围。3. 翻译题 Winners have different potentials. Achievement is not the most important thing. Authenticity is. The authentic person experienc

6、es the reality of himself by knowing himself, being himself, and becoming himself. He actualized his own unprecedented uniqueness, and appreciates the uniqueness of others. A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge. He can separate facts from opinion and doesnt prete

7、nd to have all the answers. He listens to others, evaluates what they say, but comes to his own conclusions. While he can admire and respect other people, he is not totally defined, demolished, bound or awed by them.【答案】 成功者的潜质各不相同，成就并不是最重要的，活得真实才是。一个真实的人通过了解自我，坚持自我，使自己成为值得信赖、乐于回应的人来体验真实的自我。它实现前所未有的

8、独特的自我，同时也尊重他人的独特之处。 成功者不惧怕独立思考，也不惧怕独立运用知识，他能够区分哪些是事实，哪些是观点，同时并不宣称洞察一切。他倾听他人的意见，琢磨他人的话语，但是自行做出结论，他可以钦羡、尊重别人，可是他绝不为他人所局限，所束缚，不会对他们敬若神灵。4. 单选题As a high-level executive （ ）a group of managers, you may find these guidelines helpful.问题1选项A.talkingB.speakingC.addressingD.discussing【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项

9、talk“说，谈话”；B选项speak“讲话，发言”；C选项address“演讲，致词”；D选项discuss“讨论”，四个选项意思相近，但是talk强调动作双方沟通，speak侧重单方的讲话，address指在某活动或者工作中的发言，句意为：当你作为高管向一群经理演讲时，你可能会发现这些指导方针很有帮助。故选项C更符合题意。5. 单选题Alan Patton found that in such a quick-fixed society, some people even dont bother to read a masterpiece（ ） .问题1选项A.in the detailB

10、.in the detailsC.in detailD.in details【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。C选项in detail“详细地”，介词短语能做状语；D选项in details“逐个地”，一般和动词搭配使用，表示一部分一部分地处理。根据关键词“bother to read a masterpiece辛苦地去读著作”，可知空格部分in detail符合题意，句意为：阿兰帕顿发现在这样一个快节奏的社会，一些人甚至懒得详细地去读某部著作。故正确答案选C。6. 单选题The negotiation between these two countries has yielded

11、no result. A war is（ ）.问题1选项A.eminentB.imminentC.predominantD.dominant【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】名词辨析题。A选项eminent“杰出的”；B选项imminent“即将来临，迫近的”；C选项predominant“主要的、卓越的”；D选项dominant“显性的、占优势的”。题干第一句话的意思“两国间的谈判没产生结果”，后面可知“战争war”马上就要到了，空格部分形容词意思为“马上就要爆发的”，句意为：两国间的谈判没产生结果，战争一触即发。故选项B正确。7. 翻译题 2010年头5个月，通用汽车公司在华销量超过100万辆

12、，提前完成了当年200万辆目标的一半。西门子计划未来三年在华投资10亿欧元（合12.9亿美元），而2011年之前，大众已在华追加16亿欧元的投资。截至2013年5月底，在华注册外资企业数量累计近69万家，实际利用外资总额超过了1万亿美元。世界是平的一书的作者托马斯弗里德曼，以及曾在美国总统比尔克林顿时期担任商务部副部长的罗伯特夏皮罗等众多专家均高度肯定中国的对外开放。(参考词汇：ahead of schedule; Siemens; Volkswagen; actually-utilized foreign investment; deputy secretary)【答案】 In the fi

13、rst five months of 2010, General Motors sold more than l million vehicles in China, meeting half of its 2010 target of 2 million ahead of schedule. Siemens will invest 1 billion ($1.29 billion) in the next three years, with Volkswagen adding 1.6 billion by 2011. By the end of May 2013, there had bee

14、n 690,000 registered foreign companies in China, investing more than $l trillion. Writers such as Thomas Friedman, author of The World Is Flat, and Robert Shapiro, former US undersecretary of commerce under President Bill Clinton, have spoken highly of our efforts to open up.8. 单选题I think it advisab

15、le that he （ ）Tokyo soon.问题1选项A.will leaveB.may leaveC.leaveD.leaves【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。由“it is necessary/important/advisable/anxious/ essential.”等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形或只用动词原形）知C项“leave”正确。9. 单选题Looking at the photo, it suddenly （ ）on him that he had met the wanted man somewhere.问题1选项A.dawn

16、edB.occurredC.happenedD.known【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项dawn“破晓；出现；被领悟”；B选项occur“发生，出现”；C选项happen“发生，碰巧”；D选项know“了解，熟悉”。dawn on sb“（事物）变得令人明白”；occur to sb“（主意或想法突然）浮现于脑中，被想起，被想到”，句意为：看着照片，他突然想到，他在哪个地方遇到过这个通缉犯。故正确答案选A。10. 翻译题 世界需要和平，和平才能发展。中国要实现自己的发展目标，渴望有一个和平的国际环境。中国政府坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，愿同各国加强合作，共同促进人

17、类和平与发展的崇高事业。尊重主权和互不干涉内政是国与国之间发展关系的前提。一个国家丧失主权，人民就没有尊严和地位。中国坚决捍卫来之不易的国家主权和领土完整，决不允许任何外来干涉。同时，中国坚持平等相待，尊重别国的主权和领土完整，尊重各国人民自主选择的社会制度。【答案】 The world needs peace, for only with peace can there be development. China earnestly hopes to have a peaceful international environment in order to achieve its devel

18、opment goals. The Chinese government is committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and stands ready to work with other countries to advance the noble cause of peace and progress of mankind. Respect for sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries is the prereq

19、uisite for sound state-to-state relations. When a country loses sovereignty, its people lose dignity and status. China is firm in upholding its hard-won sovereignty and territorial integrity and will never tolerate any external interference. At the same time, China treats each other as equals, China

20、 also respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries as well as the independent choice of their people for social systems and development paths.11. 单选题 I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only f

21、or a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me; it is the reality I took with me into sleep. I try to think of something else. Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind. I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her. She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease

22、 and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons int

23、o our hair. I dont know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and, with three fingers against my head, I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasnt sure if she understood me (I dont speak Laotian very well). I looked back down at the

24、skirts. They had designs in them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos, bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with

25、 the sort of quiet peacefulness. She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreem

26、ent over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldnt make enough money. I moved quickly and picked

27、up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy. The feeling stayed with

28、 me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in the marketplace. I felt tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didnt, of course. I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowi

29、ng it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy. I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Som

30、ething falls to the floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me! There is no defense against a generous s

31、pirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didnt cry.1. According to the writer, the woman in the market place .2. Which of the following is NOT correct?3. The writer assumed that the woman accepted the last offer mainly because the woman（ ） .4. When t

32、he writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but did not because（ ） . 5. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again?问题1选项A.refused to speak to herB.was pleasant and attractiveC.was selling skirts and ribbonsD.recognize her immediately问题2选项A.The writer was used to bar

33、gaining.B.Bargaining in Laos was quiet and peaceful.C.The writer was ready to bargain with the woman.D.People in Asia always bargain when buying things.问题3选项A.thought that the last offer was reasonable.B.thought she could still make much money.C.was tired of bargaining with the writer any more.D.was

34、 glad that the writer knew their way of bargaining.问题4选项A.she was afraid of crying in public.B.she had learned to face difficulties bravely.C.she had to show in public that she was strong.D.she had learned to stay cool and unfeeling.问题5选项A.She suddenly felt very sad.B.She felt sorry for the woman.C.

35、She liked the ribbons so much.D.She was overcome by emotion.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第三段“she moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. 就像我通常见到的老挝女子一样，她走起路来悠闲而又可爱”，可知选项B“很讨人喜欢和有吸引力”符合题意，因此B正确。2.【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第五段“I decided to

36、buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos, bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness. 我决定买下其中一条裙子，而且我开始和她讨价还价。在亚洲买东西讨价还价是习惯。在老挝，讨价还价是以一种轻声细语，十分平静的形式不紧不慢地进行的”。由此可知A选项是没有提及的，故答案选A。3.【

37、试题答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第六段第二句“She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. 她对我能够用老挝语和她说上几句话感到很开心，尽管这些话全是数字，她看得出我懂得讨价还价之间的小玩笑”和第四句“she was so pleased that unexpe

38、ctedly, she accepted the last offer I made. 她很开心，所以她意外的接受我最后的定价”，可知选项D为最佳答案。4.【试题答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第八段“I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy. 我学会了如何保护自己不受困难的影响；不知不觉中，我也学会了如何保护自己抵制

39、软弱和随和。”由此可知正确答案选D。5.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第十段“There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if. 没有什么可以抵御慷慨，而这一次我哭了，非常伤心”文章第九段说作者从市场回来，再次检查买回来的裙子，发现里面夹杂五条扎头发的丝绸带，比自己买的多了两根。她被这种情绪感动了。故选项D为最符合语境的答案。12. 单选题Mr. Smith cannot tell a lie skillfully; anyone can（ ） .问

40、题1选项A.see him throughB.see him throughoutC.see through himD.see throughout him【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查固定短语。由关键信息cannot tell a lie skillfully“不善于说谎”可知短语动词see through“看穿，识破”符合题意，句意为：史密斯先生不善于说谎；任何人都可以看穿他。故答案选C。13. 单选题For his poor job achievements, his boss complained that he hadnt （ ）his responsibilities.问题1选

41、项A.lived up toB.put up withC.looked forward toD.gone in for【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A选项live up to“不辜负，做到”；B选项put up with“忍受，容忍”；C选项look forward to“期望，期待”；D选项go in for“参加，从事，追求”。根据关键词“poor job achievements差劲的工作表现”和“responsibilities职责”，可知空格单词意思为“做到，完成”，句意为：对他差劲的工作表现，他的老板抱怨说他没有尽到职责。故和选项A意思接近。14. 单选题Not un

42、til they climbed to the top of the hill （ ）what they had been told.问题1选项A.that they believedB.did they believeC.when they believedD.then they believed【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里考查的是部分倒装结构。not until位于句首时，句子要倒装。not until +从句，助动词+主语+谓语动词原形+剩余成分；空格部分所在的句子中，需要将did助动词提前，句意为：直到他们爬上山顶，他们才相信别人所说的。故正确答案选B。15. 单选

43、题Special software has been used to enable passengers to call a taxi at a low price, payment（ ）by direct debit of their credit cards.问题1选项A.makingB.is madeC.being madeD.to be made【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。根据句子结构，payment by direct debit of their credit cards是独立主格表伴随，由于payment和后面动词make是被动关系，故现在分词被动式being m

44、ade最合适，句意为：专业的软件被用来让乘客能低价叫出租车，费用直接从他们的信用卡中扣除。答案选C。16. 单选题Cultural （ ）indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to another.问题1选项A.translationB.transitionC.transmissionD.transaction【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】名词辨析题。本题考查词义和词形相近的单词辨析。A选项translation“翻译”， B选项transition“过渡、转变”；C选项transmi

45、ssion“传递、传播”；D选项transaction“交易、事务”。根据题干that引导的从句的意思“人类将自己的语言一代一代传递下去。”可知空格部分单词意思为“传播”，句意为：文化传播表明人类将自己的语言一代一代传递下去。因此正确答案选C。17. 单选题All the students have to to （ ）the rules and regulations of the school.问题1选项A.confirmB.confrontC.conformD.confine【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项confirm“确定，确认”；B选项confront“面对，遭遇”

46、；C选项conform“符合，遵照”；D选项confine“限制，禁闭”。由关键词“the rules and regulations规章制度”可知空格部分单词意思为“遵守，遵循”，句意为：所有的学生都要遵守学校的规章制度。选项C意思与之相近。18. 单选题Language elements are to a literature work（ ） construction materials to a building.问题1选项A.thatB.whichC.whatD.so【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。结合句意可知are后面缺个名词做表语，只有what可以，句意为：语言对于文学

47、作品而言就如建筑材料对于建筑物一样。故答案选C。19. 单选题Great Britain used to be called empire on which sun never sets. But its naval force was almost（ ） during the attack.问题1选项A.annihilatedB.prohibitedC.diminishedD.empowered【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项annihilate“彻底消灭”；B选项prohibit“阻止，禁止”；C选项diminish“减少，缩小”；D选项empower“使自主；授权”。填

48、入一个过去分词构成被动语态，But表示转折关系，由关键信息naval force“海军力量”可知annihilate“彻底消灭”的过去分词annihilated符合题意，句意为：英国曾经被称作日不落帝国。但它的海军力量几乎在进攻期间被彻底消灭。故答案选A。20. 单选题The judge doesnt know whether the witness is telling the truth, but he will （ ）it.问题1选项A.identifyB.enforceC.distinguishD.verify【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项identify“认出，鉴定”，多用于在众多物品中选出某一特定物品；B选项enforce“强迫，强化”；C选项distinguish“区别，辨别”；D选项verify“证实，查证，核实”。本句是but连接两个并列句子，根据前面的意思“法官不知道证人说的是否是真话”，推测后面空格部分填入的动词意思应该是“证实，证明”，