2022年考博英语-四川农业大学考前模拟强化练习题81（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-四川农业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Their dog was a substitute _ the children they had never had.问题1选项A.asB.ofC.toD.for【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：他们的狗代替了他们从未有过的孩子。a substitute for是固定搭配，意为“某种东西的替代物”。其他三项不能和substitute搭配。因此D选项正确。2. 翻译题1. Illness brought her a strange restlessness and made her all the more ea

2、ger to cling to life and squeeze from it the last drop of happiness. It made her envy health, but it also made her sentimental over a leaf that the wind had blown into her room.2. Culture is the system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that the members of society use to co

3、pe with their world and with one another, and that are transmitted from generation to generation through learning.3. No one in authority in Washington or Tokyo will say publicly that current turmoil is likely to break up the 35-year-old US security alliance.4. A mother takes twenty years to make a m

4、an of her boy, and another woman makes a fool of him in twenty minutes.5. The first purpose to which the new space technology was applied was communication.【答案】1. 说来也怪，缠绵病榻，使她特别焦躁不安，她越发急切地抓住人生不放，欲将人生的幸福压榨到最后一滴而后已。这病使她无比艳羡人家的健康，也使她多愁善感，见一叶飘零，随风入室，便愁绪满怀，无以自解。2. 文化是社会成员用来应对他们的世界和彼此之间的共同信仰、价值观、习俗、行为和人工制

5、品的系统，并通过学习代代相传。3. 华盛顿和东京的权威人士无人愿意公开承认，目前的骚乱可能会使已有35年历史的美日安全同盟毁于一旦。4. 一个做母亲的要花二十年的时间把她的儿子变成一个男子汉，而另一个女人只需二十分钟就能把他变成一个傻瓜。5. 人们利用新的航天技术的首要目的就是通讯。3. 单选题_ how to operate a switchboard, I had to ask the office supervisor to show me the correct procedures.问题1选项A.Not knownB.Not knowingC.Not to knowD.Having

6、not known【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不知道如何操作总机，只好请办公室主管告诉我正确的程序。动词know与主语构成主动关系，应该用现在分词形式，排除A, C选项。非谓语动词的否定形式not置于非谓语动词之前，应该是not having known，排除D选项。因此B选项正确。4. 单选题The pilot felt something _ wrong with the engine just before the plane took off.问题1选项A.goB.wentC.was goingD.to go【答案】A【解析】考查感官动词。句意：就在飞机起飞前，飞行员觉得

7、引擎出了问题。feel是感官动词，后面接动词原形或ing形式。其他三项动词形式错误。因此A选项正确。5. 单选题“Welcome to the U.S.A.! Major credit cards are accepted!”By the millions they are coming no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched masses longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. “We dont have a budget,” says a biologist from Brazi

8、l, as she walks with two companions through New York Citys South Street. “We just use our credit cards.”The US has long been one of the worlds most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First, there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every corner of the globe; t

9、hen came the weakening of the US dollar against major currencies. Now the US, still the worlds superpower, can also claim to be the worlds bargain basement (廉价商品部). Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom r

10、etail prices anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. Thats up from $74 billion the year before.True, not everyone comes just for bargains. There remains an undeniable fascination in th

11、e rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and US television series. But shopping the USA is proving irresistible. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge (无

12、节制) has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Yellowstone Park or sunbathing on a beach in Florida.The US has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but it does put money in the bank

13、. And with a trade deficit at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months, the US needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the US stay longer and spend more money at each stop; an average of 12.2 night and $1624 a traveler versus the Americans

14、four nights and $298.1. From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her _.2. The reason why 1994 was exceptional is that _.3. By saying “Nobody undersells America” (Underlined), the author means that _.4. Why does the author assert that all things American are fascinating to f

15、oreigners?5. From the passage we can conclude that the US has come to realize _.问题1选项A.are reluctant to carry cash with themB.simply dont care how much they spendC.are not good at planning their expenditureD.often spend more money than they can afford问题2选项A.it saw an unusually large number of touris

16、ts to the USB.it witnessed a drop in the number of tourists to the USC.tourism was hardly affected by the weakening of the US dollar that yearD.tourists came to the US for sightseeing rather than for bargains that year问题3选项A.no other country underestimates the competitiveness of American productsB.n

17、obody expects the Americans to cut the prices of their commoditiesC.nobody restrains the selling of American goodsD.no other country sells at a lower price than America问题4选项A.Because they have gained much publicity through the American media.B.Because they represent the worlds latest fashions.C.Beca

18、use they embody the most sophisticated technology.D.Because they are available at all tourist destinations.问题5选项A.the weakening of the US dollar can result in trade deficitsB.the lower the retail prices, the greater in profitsC.tourism can make great contributions to its economyD.visitors to the US

19、are wealthier than US tourists abroad【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.推理判断题。由原文可以定位到文章第二段最后两句“We dont have a budget,” says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New York Citys South Street. “We just use our credit cards.”（“我们没有预算，”一位来自巴西的生物学家说，她和两个同伴走在纽约市的南街。“我们只是使用我们的信

20、用卡。”），说明现在成千上万涌入美国的有钱人和那个巴西生物学家一样，根本没有预算，不在意自己花了多少钱。因此B选项“根本不关心他们花了多少钱”正确。A选项“不愿意随身携带现金”，C选项“不善于计划自己的支出”，D选项“花费的钱往往超过他们的承受能力”在文中均没有提及，所以A, C, D错误。2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一、二句The US has long been one of the worlds most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First, there was t

21、he World Cup, which drew thousands from every corner of the globe; then came the weakening of the US dollar against major currencies.（长期以来，美国一直是世界上最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一，但今年的情况非同寻常。首先是世界杯，吸引了来自世界各个角落的成千上万的人；其次是美元对其他主要货币的汇率走弱。），说明1994年不同于往年，其原因是世界杯吸引了大量的游客，美元下跌使在美国购物特别便宜，这吸引了更多的游客。因此A选项“它见证了异常多的游客到美国来旅游”正确。B选项

22、“它见证了赴美游客数量的下降”，C选项“那一年旅游业几乎没有受到美元贬值的影响”，D选项“那年游客来美国是为了观光，而不是为了降价商品”均与原文意思相反，所以B, C, D错误。3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第三句Now the US, still the worlds superpower, can also claim to be the worlds bargain basement.（美国现在仍是世界上的超级大国，也可以声称是世界上的廉价商品部。），由此可知划线句Nobody undersells America所包含的意思是：没有哪个国家的物价水平比美国更低，后文又提到了

23、美国的零售底价比欧洲低 30%，比亚洲低70%，更加证明了这一观点。因此D选项“没有其他国家比美国物价更低”正确。A选项“没有其他国家会低估美国产品的竞争力”，B选项“没有人期望美国人削减其商品的价格”，C选项“没有人限制美国商品的销售”在文中均没有提及，所以A, B, C错误。4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第二句There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and US televisio

24、n series.（在世界其他地方，在好莱坞电影和美国电视剧的滋养下，人们对美国的一切仍然有着不可否认的迷恋。），说明作者认为美国的一切都让外国人着迷的原因是美国电影电视剧等媒体的影响。因此A选项“因为它们通过美国的媒体获得了很多宣传”正确。B选项“因为它们代表了世界的最新时尚”，C选项“因为它们体现了最先进的技术”，D选项“因为它们在所有的旅游目的地都能买到”在文中均没有提及，所以B, C, D错误。5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句The US has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long

25、ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but it does put money in the bank.（终于，美国也意识到其他国家早已明白的东西：外国旅游者的涌入虽然带来了不便，可也带来了经济上的实惠。），说明美国意识到了旅游业能为经济发展做出贡献。因此C选项“旅游业可以为其经济做出巨大贡献”正确。A选项“美元的疲软会导致贸易赤字”，B选项“零售价格越低，利润就越大”，D选项“来美国的游客比在国外的美国游客更富有”在文中均没有提及，所以A, B, D错误。6. 单选题The bartend

26、er walked out _ the counter and began to drive the drunk out of the bar.问题1选项A.from beforeB.from underC.from behindD.from across【答案】C【解析】考查介词辨析。A选项before“在之前”；B选项under“在下面”；C选项behind“在后面”；D选项across“穿过”。句意：酒保从柜台后面走出来，开始把那个醉汉赶出酒吧。本句表示从柜台后面走出来。因此C选项正确。7. 单选题_ the door than somebody started knocking on

27、it.问题1选项A.I had closed no soonerB.I had no sooner closedC.No sooner have I closedD.No sooner I closed【答案】B【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：我刚关上门，就有人开始敲门。no soonerthan是固定搭配，意为“一就”，引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，than后面的从句用一般过去时，基本用法为：主语+had no sooner done sth. than+主语+did。因此B选项正确。8. 单选题Please drop in whenever you can. Id like to k

28、eep _ touch.问题1选项A.inB.onC.toD.with【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：有空请随时来坐坐。我想保持联系。keep in touch是固定搭配，意为“保持联系”。其他三项不能进行搭配。因此A选项正确。9. 单选题In the business world today, Coca-Cola, a little more than a century old itself, stands out as the most successful product in the history of commerce. People on every continent,

29、 in almost every country of the world, are familiar with the name and taste of this world-famous soft drink.Coca-Cola was born in Atlanta on May 8, 1886, when Dr. John Styth Pemberton produced the syrup, a pharmacist named, according to legend, in a brass pot in his backyard. When, by accident or de

30、sign, carbonated water was added to the syrup, it produced a drink that was declared “delicious and refreshing.”The trademark “Coca-Cola” was registered in the U.S. Patent Office on January 31, 1893. Through clever advertising the demand for the product grew by leaps and bounds. One great leap forwa

31、rd came in 1894, when Joseph Biedenharn of Vicksburg, Mississippi, impressed with the demand for the drink at his soda fountain, installed bottling machinery and began to sell cases of Coca-Cola to plantations and lumber camps up and down the Missippi River. Today, the Coca-Cola bottling system is t

32、he largest, most widespread production and distribution, net-work in the world. In 1916 the uniquely shaped bottle, designed by a glass company in Terre Huate, Indiana, was developed to protect Coca-Cola from imitations.In the 1920s Coca-Cola pioneered in producing “six-packs,” cardboard cartons tha

33、t held six bottles of the drink. In 1929 a distinctively shaped fountain glass became standard and helped to advertise the popularity of the drink.The international growth of Coca-Cola began in 1900, when a son of the companys founder took a jug of syrup with him on a vacation to England. The same y

34、ear Coca-Cola traveled to Cuba and Puerto Rico, where bottling operations soon began, as they did in Panama, the Philippines, and Guam. The first bottling company on the European continent began operation in France in 1920.Coca-Cola and the Olympics began their association in the summer of 1928, whe

35、n an American freighter arrived in Amsterdam carrying the United States Olympic team and 1 000 cases of Coca-Cola. Forty thousand spectators filled the stadium to witness two firsts: the first lighting of the Olympic flame and the first sale of Coke at an Olympiad.Many people outside the United Stat

36、es had their first taste of Coca-Cola during World War , when 64 bottling plants were shipped abroad (the first being in Algiers) to provide more than 5 billion bottles of Coke for American service personnel in Europe and the Pacific. In the next 20 years the number of countries with bottling operat

37、ions nearly doubled.The worldwide appeal of Coca-Cola was dramatically displayed in 1971, when young people from around the world gathered on a hilltop in Italy to sing “Id like to buy the world a Coke”presenting a unifying global spirit.In 1976 the well-known advertising slogan “The Pause That Refr

38、eshes” (which first appeared in THE SATURDAY EVENING POST in 1929) was joined by a new slogan: “Coke Adds Life.” A few years later “Have a Coke and a Smile” was added, and in 1982 the theme “Coke is it!” was launched around the world, followed by “Cant Beat the Feeling” in the late 1980s, and “Cant

39、Beat the Real Thing” in the early 1990s.“The Pause That Refreshes” has come a long way in 109 years.1. What did Dr. John Styth Pemberton do before he made the “delicious and refreshing” drink?2. The demand for the product grew _ through clever advertising.3. Which of the following is NOT true?4. Whe

40、n did the number of countries with bottling operations nearly double?5. Which of the following slogans did not make their first appearance in the 1980s?问题1选项A.He was a soft-drink dealer.B.He was an alcohol dealer.C.He was a physician.D.He was a pharmaceutical chemist.问题2选项A.very rapidlyB.steadilyC.s

41、lowlyD.unsteadily问题3选项A.Each cardboard carton can hold six bottles of the drink.B.The growth of Coca-Cola began in 1900.C.In France, the first bottling company on the European continent began operation.D.The Olympics and Coca-Cola associated with each other in the summer of 1928.问题4选项A.1920s.B.1940s

42、.C.1960s.D.1980s.问题5选项A.“Coke is it!”B.“Coke Adds Life.”C.“Cant Beat the Feeling.”D.“Have a Coke and a Smile.”【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Coca-Cola was born in Atlanta on May 8, 1886, when Dr. John Styth Pemberton produced the syrup, a pharmacist named, according to lege

43、nd, in a brass pot in his backyard.（可口可乐于1886年5月8日诞生于亚特兰大，当时的药剂师约翰斯蒂斯彭伯顿在他后院的一个铜锅里制作了这种糖浆。），说明约翰斯蒂斯彭伯顿在发明可乐之前是一名药剂师。因此D选项“他是一名药剂师”正确。A选项“他是一名软饮料经销商”，B选项“他是一名酒类经销商”，C选项“他是一名医生”均不符合题意，所以A, B, C错误。2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第二句Through clever advertising the demand for the product grew by leaps and bounds.（通过

44、巧妙的广告，对该产品的需求突飞猛进。），说明广告使得对可乐的需求猛增。因此A选项“非常迅速”正确。B选项“稳定”，C选项“缓慢”，D选项“不稳定”均不符合原文，所以B, C, D错误。3.客观细节题。A选项“每个硬纸盒可以装六瓶饮料”，由原文In the 1920s Coca-Cola pioneered in producing “six-packs,” cardboard cartons that held six bottles of the drink.（20世纪20年代，可口可乐率先生产了“六瓶装”，即能装六瓶饮料的硬纸盒。）可知，这种硬纸盒可以装六瓶饮料，A选项表述正确，排除A。C

45、选项“欧洲大陆上的第一家装瓶公司在法国开始运营”，由原文The first bottling company on the European continent began operation in France in 1920.（欧洲大陆上第一家装瓶公司于1920年在法国开始运营。）可知，欧洲大陆上的第一家装瓶公司在法国开始运营，C选项表述正确，排除C。D选项“1928年夏天，奥运会和可口可乐公司开始有联系”，由原文Coca-Cola and the Olympics began their association in the summer of 1928（可口可乐与奥运会的联系始于192

46、8年夏天）可知，可口可乐与奥运会于1928年夏天开始联系，D选项表述正确，排除D。B选项“可口可乐的发展始于1900年”，由原文The international growth of Coca-Cola began in 1900（可口可乐的全球发展始于1900年）可知，是全球性发展始于1900年，B选项不符合原文，所以本题选B。4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第七段Many people outside the United States had their first taste of Coca-Cola during World War In the next 20 years th

47、e number of countries with bottling operations nearly doubled.（许多美国以外的人第一次尝到可口可乐是在第二次世界大战期间在接下来的20年里，拥有装瓶业务的国家数量几乎翻了一番。），第二次世界大战是在二十世纪四十年代，那么之后的20年就是二十世纪六十年代，说明拥有装瓶业务的国家数量在二十世纪六十年代几乎翻了一番。因此C选项“二十世纪六十年代”正确。A选项“二十世纪二十年代”，B选项“二十世纪四十年代”，D选项“二十世纪八十年代”均不符合题意，所以A, B, D错误。5.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章倒数第二段第一句In 1976 t

48、he well-known advertising slogan “The Pause That Refreshes” was joined by a new slogan: “Coke Adds Life.”（1976年，著名的广告语“The Pause That Refreshes”被加入了一个新的广告语：“Coke Adds Life”。），说明“Coke Adds Life”这个广告语出现在二十世纪七十年代，而不是八十年代。因此B选项“Coke Adds Life.”正确。A选项“Coke is it!”，C选项“Cant Beat the Feeling.”，D选项“Have a C

49、oke and a Smile. ”都是在二十世纪八十年代首次出现的，所以A, C, D错误。10. 单选题Much of Canadas forestry production goes towards making pulp and paper. According to Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada supplies 34% of the worlds wood pulp and 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in som

50、e other way, Canadian forests could be preserved. Recently, a possible alternative way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp.Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years. It produces fiber which can be made into paper

51、, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries because it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading network would not have been feasible without hemp. Nowad

52、ays, ships cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibers, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp hold be revived for the production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four times as much paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and man

53、y environmentalists believe that the large-scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on Canadas forests.However, there is a problem: hemp is illegal in many countries of the world. This plant, so useful for fiber, rope, oil, fuel and textiles, is a species of cannabis, related to the plant

54、 from which marijuana is produced. In the late 1930s, a movement to ban the drug marijuana began to gather force, resulting in the eventual banning of the cultivation not only of the plant used to produce the drug, but also of the commercial fiber-producing hemp plant. In fact, marijuana cannot be p

55、roduced from the hemp plant, since it contains almost no THC (the active ingredient in the drug).In recent years, a movement for legalization have been gathering strength. It is concerned only with the hemp plant used to produce fiber; this group wants to make it legal to cultivate the plant and sel

56、l the fiber foe paper and pulp production.1. Why is pulp and paper production important to Canada?2. Why was the plant hemp essential to world-wide trade in the past?3. Why do agriculturalists think that hemp would be better for paper production than trees?4. Why was hemp banned?5. “According to its

57、 proponents, four times as much paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees.” What does “proponents” mean?问题1选项A.Canada needs to find a way to use all its spare wood.B.Canada publishes a lot of newspapers and books.C.Pulp and paper export is a major source of income for Canada.D.Hem

58、p is a traditional plant of Canada.问题2选项A.Ships ropes were made from it.B.Hemp was a very profitable export.C.Hemp was used as fuel for ships.D.Hemp was used as food for sailors.问题3选项A.It is cheaper to grow hemp than to cut down trees.B.More paper can be produced from the same area of land.C.Hemp pr

59、oduces higher quality paper.D.It causes less pollution of the environment.问题4选项A.It is related to the marijuana plant.B.It can be used to produce marijuana.C.It was no longer a useful crop.D.It was destructive to the land.问题5选项A.People who are against something.B.People who support something.C.Peopl

60、e in charge of something.D.People who do research on something.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二句According to Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada supplies 34% of the worlds wood pulp and 49% of its newsprint paper.（根据加拿大纸浆和纸制品协会的数据，加拿大提供全世界34%的木浆和49%的新闻纸。），说明加拿大的纸浆和纸制品

61、出口量大，是加拿大重要的收入来源。因此C选项“纸浆和纸张的出口是加拿大的一个主要收入来源”正确。A选项“加拿大需要找到一种方法来使用其所有的闲置木材”，由原文可知，人们是希望保护森林资源，所以A错误。B选项“加拿大出版了大量的报纸和书籍”在文中没有提及，所以B错误。D选项“大麻是加拿大的一种传统植物”表述与问题无关，所以D错误。2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三句For centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries because it was used to make the ropes and ca

62、bles used on sailing ships（几个世纪以来，它对许多国家的经济至关重要，因为它被用于制造帆船上的绳索和缆绳），说明它对许多国家的经济来说举足轻重是因为它可以用来制造缆绳。因此A选项“船用绳索是由它制成的”正确。B选项“大麻是利润丰厚的出口产品”，C选项“大麻被用作船只的燃料”，D选项“大麻被用作水手的食物”在文中均没有提及，所以B, C, D错误。3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句According to its proponents, four times as much paper can be produced from land using he

63、mp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the large-scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on Canadas forests.（根据其支持者的说法，使用大麻而不是树木可以在土地上生产四倍多的纸，许多环保人士认为，大麻的大规模种植可以减轻加拿大森林的压力。），说明大麻造纸的优势在于产纸量大，从而减少树木的砍伐量，保护环境。因此B选项“同样面积的土地可以生产更多的纸”正确。A选项“种植大麻比砍伐树木要便宜”，C选项“大麻生产的纸张质量更高”，D选项“它对环境造成的污染较少”在文中均没有提及，所以A, C, D错误。4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一、二句However, there is a problem: hemp is illegal in many countries of the worldrelated to the plant from which marijuana i