2022年考博英语-四川农业大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷63

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1、2022年考博英语-四川农业大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题In the month of September, in Britain, you may see large numbers of birds （1） on roofs and telegraph wires. These birds are swallows. They are （2） together because, very soon, they will be flying （3） to much warmer lands, where they will find （4） the small fly

2、ing insects on which they （5）. There are no such insects （6） in Britain during the winter; it is （7） cold for them.The swallows settle, fly off, swoop, and （8） again. This they do many times, for they are making short （9） flights in order to be fit for the long journey （10） them.（11） of these migrat

3、ing birds leave Britain in the autumn. They fly （12） for hundreds of miles （13） they reach the warm lands of Africa. But not all the birds get there, for many of them perish in the stormy weather they meet with （14）. In the spring of the following year they （15） the long and tiring journey back to B

4、ritain. They return to the identical barn or tree in the （16） district which they had left the （17） autumn. How do these birds find their （18） there and back over such vast distances? Nobody knows exactly （19）, but it has something to do （20） winds and air currents. 问题1选项A.being perchedB.perchedC.be

5、ing perchingD.be perched问题2选项A.gatheringB.assemblingC.waitingD.forming问题3选项A.to southB.the southC.to southwardsD.south问题4选项A.great number ofB.a great deal ofC.plenty ofD.numerous问题5选项A.feedB.are fedC.eatD.rely问题6选项A.nearB.aboutC.nearbyD.over问题7选项A.tooB.a bitC.veryD.much问题8选项A.fly offB.swoopC.settleD

6、.turn back问题9选项A.practicalB.practicingC.practiceD.practiced问题10选项A.in advanceB.ahead ofC.in front ofD.in front问题11选项A.SwarmsB.HerdsC.FlocksD.Schools问题12选项A.firmlyB.stoutlyC.harshlyD.steadily问题13选项A.untilB.beforeC.whenD.as问题14选项A.in the wayB.on the wayC.half the wayD.all the way问题15选项A.haveB.flyC.fin

7、dD.make问题16选项A.oldB.originalC.familiarD.identical问题17选项A.beforeB.previousC.above goingD.former问题18选项A.wayB.pathC.courseD.route问题19选项A.whyB.whenC.howD.what问题20选项A.againstB.awayC.forD.with【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A第6题:B第7题:A第8题:C第9题:C第10题:B第11题:C第12题:D第13题:A第14题:B第15题:D第16题:D第17题:B第18题:A第19题:C第20题:

8、D【解析】1.考查非谓语动词。perched是过去分词作形容词，在这里表示“栖息于某处”的状态。句意：在英国的九月，你可以看到大量的鸟栖息在屋顶和电线上。因此B选项符合题意。2.考查动词辨析。A选项gathering“聚集”；B选项assembling“集合”；C选项waiting“等待”；D选项forming“形成”。句意：它们聚集在一起。只有gather能和together搭配，表示“聚在一起”。因此A选项符合题意。3.考查方位词。south此处为副词，表示“向南方”，相当于southwards。句意：因为很快他们就会向南飞到更温暖的地方。因此D选项符合题意。4.考查近义词组辨析。四个选项

9、都表示“许多，大量”。A选项great number of前面缺少a；B选项a great deal of只可以修饰不可数名词；C选项plenty of既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式；D选项numerous后面不加the。句意：在那里他们将找到大量的小飞虫。因此C选项符合题意。5.考查固定搭配。A选项feed“喂食”；B选项are fed“被喂食”；C选项eat“吃”；D选项rely“依靠”。feed on是固定搭配，表示“以为食物”。句意：在那里它们会找到很多它们赖以为生的小飞虫。燕子以飞虫为食是主动语态。因此A选项符合题意。6.考查介词辨析。A选项near“靠近”；B选项

10、about“在四处”；C选项nearby“在附近”；D选项over“在上面”。句意：英国的冬天没有这样的昆虫。about在此处是副词，表示“周围”。因此B选项符合题意。7.考查固定搭配。A选项too“太”；B选项a bit“一点儿”；C选项very“非常”；D选项much“许多”。句意：对他们来说太冷了。too for是固定搭配，表示“对来说太了”。因此A选项符合题意。8.考查动词辨析。A选项fly off“飞出”；B选项swoop“俯冲”；C选项settle“停息”；D选项turn back“往回走”。句意：燕子停了下来，飞走了，俯冲下来，又停了下来。因此C选项符合题意。9.考查形近词辨析。

11、A选项practical“实用性的”；B选项practicing“在工作的”；C选项practice“练习”；D选项practiced“熟练的”。句意：因为他们在做短途飞行练习。因此C选项符合题意。10.考查词组辨析。A选项in advance“预先”；B选项ahead of“在之前（指时间）”；C选项in front of“在前面”；D选项in front“在前方”。句意：以便适应前面的长途飞行。因此B选项符合题意。11.考查量词辨析。A选项Swarms“蜂群”；B选项Herds“兽群”；C选项Flocks“鸟群”；D选项Schools“鱼群”。句意：成群的候鸟在秋天离开英国。因此C选项符合

12、题意。12.考查副词辨析。A选项firmly“坚定地”；B选项stoutly“牢固地”；C选项harshly“严厉地”；D选项steadily“稳定地”。句意：它们稳定地飞行数百英里。因此D选项符合题意。13.考查连词辨析。A选项until“直到为止”；B选项before“在以前”；C选项when“在时候”；D选项as“因为”。句意：直到到达温暖的非洲大陆。因此A选项符合题意。14.考查词组辨析。A选项in the way“挡道”；B选项on the way“在途中”；C选项half the way“半路”；D选项all the way“一路上”。句意：因为它们中的许多伙伴都在途中遇到的暴风雨

13、中丧生了。因此B选项符合题意。15.考查固定搭配。A选项have“有”；B选项fly“飞行”；C选项find“找到”；D选项make“进行”。句意：第二年春天，他们长途跋涉回到了英国。make a journey是固定搭配，表示“旅行”。因此D选项符合题意。16.考查形容词辨析。A选项old“老的”；B选项original“原来的”；C选项familiar“熟悉的”；D选项identical“同一的”。句意：它们回到同一地区的同一谷仓或同一棵树。因此D选项符合题意。17.考查指代关系。A选项before“在之前”；B选项previous“以前的”；C选项above going没有这种用法；D选

14、项former“前者的”。句意：它们回到前一年秋天离开的同一地区。因此B选项符合题意。18.考查固定搭配。A选项way“道路”；B选项path“小路”；C选项course“过程”；D选项route“路线”。句意：这些鸟是如何在如此遥远的距离中找到路往返的呢。find ones way是固定搭配，表示“找到去的路”。因此A选项符合题意。19.考查连词辨析。A选项why“为什么”；B选项when“什么时候”；C选项how“如何”；D选项what“什么”。句意：没人知道确切是怎么做到的。因此C选项符合题意。20.考查固定搭配。A选项against“反对”；B选项away“离去”；C选项for“为了”

15、；D选项with“关于”。句意：但它与风和气流有关。have something to do with是固定搭配，表示“与”有关。因此D选项符合题意。2. 单选题The bartender walked out _ the counter and began to drive the drunk out of the bar.问题1选项A.from beforeB.from underC.from behindD.from across【答案】C【解析】考查介词辨析。A选项before“在之前”；B选项under“在下面”；C选项behind“在后面”；D选项across“穿过”。句意：酒保从

16、柜台后面走出来，开始把那个醉汉赶出酒吧。本句表示从柜台后面走出来。因此C选项正确。3. 单选题According to new research of Prof. Randolf Menzel from the Free University in Berlin, the popular image of bees as the ultimate hard workers was inaccurate. “Although we see bees buzzing around tirelessly in spring and summer, the common belief in a bee

17、s busy nature is based on a misconception,” he said. People only really see bees when theyre out flying, or they look at a colony of bees and see thousands of them buzzing around. They dont get to pick them out as individuals. The professor, who this month won a German Zoological Society award for h

18、is work on bees, added that bees compensated for their apparent laziness with high intelligence, advanced memory skills and an ability to learn quickly.The suggestion that bees were not pulling their weight met with skepticism from British beekeepers. Glyn Davies, the President of the British Beekee

19、pers Association, said that bees were not lazy but efficient, “At any particular stage in its energy by doing nothing. Each bee has a unit of life energy and the faster it works, the faster it dies. They are being very wise and perhaps humans should try to follow their example instead of running abo

20、ut like headless chickens.”The idea of the busy bee is several thousand years old. One current author who has nothing but admiration for the bee is Paul Theroux, the novelist and part-time beekeeper.” I have never seen a bee sleeping. My bees never stop working,” he said. Mr. Theroux added that Prof

21、. Menzels research could have been affected by his national origins. “Perhaps in comparison to the German rate of work, the bee does look lazy,” he said.Few people think that the busy bee idea will go away, despite the efforts of Prof. Menzel. It seems absurd to apply the word “lazy” to a colony of

22、creatures capable of producing something so extraordinary as honeycomb. The truth is that bees give us an inferiority complex that is not entirely unjustified. In fact, the worship of bees seems to be undergoing a renaissance. IBM recently ran a series of ads drawing on the “waggle dance” of bees, t

23、elling businessmen to “make your business waggle.”1. Prof. Randolf Menzels latest research _.2. Prof. Randolf Menzel would disagree that _.3. According to Glyn Davies, what should we learn from bees?4. It could be inferred from Paragraph 3 that the Germans _.5. The IBM ads in the passage are used to

24、 _.问题1选项A.challenges our knowledge of the relations among beesB.confirms our knowledge of the relations among beesC.challenges our perception of the nature of beesD.confirms our perception of the nature of bees问题2选项A.bees are hardworkingB.bees are quick learnersC.bees have intelligenceD.bees have go

25、od memory问题3选项A.How to work faster.B.How to live longer.C.How to cooperate with each other.D.How to improve work efficiency.问题4选项A.are easily affected by their national charactersB.are extremely busy and hard workingC.have many things in common with beesD.tend to look down upon lazy people问题5选项A.sho

26、w the popularity of the idea of busy beesB.emphasize the negative image of busy beesC.initiate public discussions on the busy bee imageD.question the comparison of busy bees to humans【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第一句According to new research of Prof. Randolf Menzel from the F

27、ree University in Berlin, the popular image of bees as the ultimate hard workers was inaccurate.（根据柏林自由大学兰道夫门泽尔教授的最新研究，蜜蜂广为流传的终极辛勤工作者形象是不准确的。），说明最新研究表明人们之前对蜜蜂的印象是不准确的。因此C选项“挑战我们对蜜蜂本性的认识”正确。A选项“挑战我们对蜜蜂之间关系的认识”，B选项“证实了我们对蜜蜂之间关系的认识”，本文讨论的不是蜜蜂之间的关系，所以A, B错误。D选项“证实了我们对蜜蜂本性的认识”和原文表述的意思相反，所以D错误。2.客观细节题。由题干

28、可以定位到文章第一段最后一句bees compensated for their apparent laziness with high intelligence, advanced memory skills and an ability to learn quickly.（蜜蜂以高智商、记忆力和快速学习能力来弥补它们明显的懒惰。），说明兰道夫门泽尔教授不同意蜜蜂很勤劳的观点。因此A选项“蜜蜂是勤劳的”正确。B选项“蜜蜂的学习能力很强”，C选项“蜜蜂有高智商”，D选项“蜜蜂有良好的记忆力”都是教授认同的蜜蜂的优势，所以B, C, D错误。3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段Glyn D

29、avies, the President of the British Beekeepers Association, said that bees were not lazy but efficientand perhaps humans should try to follow their example instead of running about like headless chickens.（英国养蜂人协会的主席格林戴维斯说，蜜蜂不是懒惰而是有效率也许人类应该向它们学习，而不是像无头鸡一样跑来跑去。），说明格林戴维斯认为人类应该向蜜蜂学习如何提高工作效率。因此D选项“如何提高工作

30、的效率”正确。A选项“如何更快地工作”，B选项“如何活得更久”，C选项“如何相互合作”在文中均没有提及，所以A, B, C错误。4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句Perhaps in comparison to the German rate of work, the bee does look lazy（也许与德国的工作效率相比，蜜蜂确实看起来很懒），说明德国人很忙碌，工作很勤奋，蜜蜂和其对比起来就显得比较懒惰。因此B选项“非常忙碌和努力工作”正确。A选项“容易受到民族性格的影响”，原文说的是门泽尔教授的研究可能受到了民族性格的影响，而不是说德国人，所以A错误。C选项“与蜜蜂

31、有许多共同之处”，D选项“倾向于看不起懒惰的人”在文中没有提及，所以C, D错误。5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段，作者指出，虽然有最新研究的结果，但蜜蜂忙碌勤奋的形象还是很难改变，最后用IBM的广告举例表明人们仍然很崇拜蜜蜂勤奋的特性。因此A选项“显示了忙碌的蜜蜂这一观念的流行”正确。B选项“强调了忙碌的蜜蜂的负面形象”，由原文可知，忙碌的蜜蜂不是一种负面形象，而是受人崇拜的正面形象，所以B错误。C选项“引发公众对忙碌的蜜蜂形象的讨论”，原文没有描述其引发的讨论，所以C错误。D选项“质疑忙碌的蜜蜂与人类的比较”，原文没有质疑，所以D错误。4. 单选题I hear many par

32、ents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showi

33、ng that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching at one anothers hands for reassurance.They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end

34、up huddled round listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon (蚕茧)into a larger cocoon.It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or

35、 her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the te

36、enager who wants to find his or her own path.But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care

37、 to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will comewith the people who respect you for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.1. The authors purpose in writing this passage is to tell _.2. According to the author, many t

38、eenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but, in fact, most of them _.3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?4. The author thinks of advertisements as _.5. During the teenage years, one should learn to _.问题1选项A.readers how to be popular with people aroundB.te

39、enagers how to learn to decide things for themselvesC.parents how to control and guide their childrenD.people how to understand and respect each other问题2选项A.have much difficulty understanding each otherB.lack confidenceC.dare not cope with problems single-handedD.are very much afraid of getting lost

40、问题3选项A.There is no popularity that really counts.B.What many parents are doing is in fact hindering their children from finding their own paths.C.It is not necessarily bad for a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates.D.Most teenagers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they ar

41、e actually doing the same.问题4选项A.convincingB.influentialC.instructiveD.authoritative问题5选项A.differ from others in as many ways as possibleB.get into the right season and become popularC.find ones real selfD.rebel against parents and the popularity wave【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:A第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文可知，本

42、文对当前青少年的心理及行为加以剖析，认为他们虽然向标榜自己特立独行，却还是顺应大流，和其他人做一样的事，最后提出建议：青少年应该发现自己，做你自己。因此B选项“青少年如何学会为自己决定事情”正确。A选项“读者如何受到周围人的欢迎”，C选项“父母如何控制和引导他们的孩子”，D选项“人们如何理解和尊重对方”在文中均没有提及，所以A, C, D错误。2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching at one anothers hands for reas

43、surance.（他们中的大多数人都紧紧抓住彼此的手寻求安慰，而不是大胆地独来独往。），说明作者认为大部分青少年不敢大胆做自己，这是缺乏自信的表现。因此B选项“缺乏自信”正确。A选项“互相理解有很大困难”，C选项“不敢单枪匹马地处理问题”，D选项“非常害怕迷路”在文中均没有提及，所以A, C, D错误。3.客观细节题。B选项“许多父母所做的实际上是在阻碍他们的孩子找到自己的道路”，由原文And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this a

44、dds up to a great barrier for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path.（如今许多父母都对自己孩子的受欢迎程度给予了高分。所有这些对想要找到自己道路的青少年来说都是一个巨大的障碍。）可知，B选项表述正确，排除B。C选项“青少年与同学意见相左并不一定是坏事”，由原文You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is co

45、llecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it.（你可能想听古典音乐，而不是去参加聚会。当其他人都在收集唱片时，你可能想要收集石头。你可能有一些想法不愿意立即与你的同学分享。那就去做吧。）可知，作者支持青少年和同学有不同的想法，C选项表述正确，排除C。D选项“大多数青少年声称他们想做自己喜欢的事，但实际上他们也在做同样的事”，由原文They claim they want to dress as they p

46、lease. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up huddled round listening to the same record.（他们声称自己想穿什么就穿什么。但他们都穿了一样的衣服。他们想听新的音乐。但不知为何，他们最后都挤在一起听同一张唱片。）可知，D选项表述正确，排除D。A选项“没有真正意义上的受欢迎”，由原文Popularity will comewith the people who respect yo

47、u for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.（你会受欢迎的，因为人们尊重你的为人。这是唯一一种真正重要的受欢迎程度。）可知，作者认为有真正意义上的受欢迎，A选项不符合原文，所以本题选A。4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第三句These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be.（现在每个青少年都可以从广告中学到青少年应该拥有什么和成为什么样的人。），说

48、明青少年会受广告宣传的影响。因此B选项“有影响力的”正确。A选项“有说服力的”，C选项“指导性的”，D选项“权威性的”均不符合题意，所以A, C, D错误。5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段倒数第二句Find yourself. Be yourself.（发现自己。做你自己。），说明作者认为青少年应该学会发现真正的自己。因此C选项“找到真正的自我”正确。A选项“在尽可能多的方面与他人不同”，B选项“融入合适的时期，成为受欢迎的人”，D选项“反抗父母和流行的浪潮”均不符合题意，所以A, B, D错误。5. 单选题Many of the most damaging and life th

49、reatening types of weather torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. Such event as a tornado struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Tota

50、l damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow

51、computers to study carefully the subtle atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models

52、do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.Until recently, the observation intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many t

53、housands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were hard to overcome. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, aut

54、omated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze thi

55、s large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologist

56、s have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.1. The word “exceeded” in paragraph 1 most probably means _.2. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere fails to predict such a short-lived tornado because _.3. According to the passage,

57、the word “Nowcast” (paragraph 3) means _.4. According to the passage, _ is the key factor to making “Nowcasts” a reality.5. According to the author, the passage mainly deals with _.问题1选项A.added up toB.were more thanC.were aboutD.were less than问题2选项A.the computer is not used to forecast specific loca

58、l eventsB.the computers are not advanced enough to predict itC.the weather data people collect are often wrongD.weather conditions in some small regions are not available问题3选项A.a way of collecting raw weather dataB.a forecast which can predict the weather conditions in the small area in an accurate

59、wayC.a network to collect instant weather dataD.a more advanced system of weather observation问题4选项A.scientific and technological advances such as radar, or satellitesB.computer scientistC.meteorologistsD.advanced computer programs问题5选项A.a tornado in Edmonton, AlbertaB.whats a “Nowcast”C.the disadvan

60、tage of conventional computer models of the weather forecastD.a breakthrough in weather forecast【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.语义推测题。由题干关键词“exceeded”可以定位到文章第一段第三句Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million（龙卷风造成的总损失超过2.5亿美元），说明“exceeded”在文中是指“超过”的意思。因此B选项“超过”正确。A选项“加起来”，C选项“大约”，D选项“少于”均

61、不符合题意，所以A, C, D错误。2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the subtle atmosphe

62、ric changes that come before these storms.（传统的大气计算机模型在预测像埃德蒙顿龙卷风这样短暂的局部风暴方面价值有限，因为可用的天气数据通常不够详细，不能让计算机仔细研究这些风暴来临之前微妙的大气变化。），接着指出conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.（传统的天气预报模式能够较好地预测大范围的总体天气情况而不是具体的局部天气事件），说明传统的大气计算机模型不能很好地预测龙卷风是因为一些小区域的数据采集不到。因此D选项“一些小区域的天气状况无法获得”正确。A选项“计算机不是用来预测具体的局部事件的”，B选项“计算机不够先进，