现代大学英语听力3原文及问题详解unit7

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1、wordUnit 7Task 1【答案】A.1) In a mental asylum.2) He was a member of a mittee which went there to show concern for the pertinents there.3) They were cants behaving like humans.4) He was injured in a bus accident and became mentally ill.5) He spent the rest of his life in fort.B.painter, birds, animals,

2、 cats, wide, published, encouragement, A year or two, The Illustrated London News, cats Christmas party, a hundred and fifty, world famous【原文】Dan Rider, a bookseller who loved good causes, was a member of a mittee that visited mental asylums. On one visit he noticed a patient, a quiet little man, dr

3、awing cats. Rider looked at the drawings and gasped.Good lord, man, he exclaimed. You draw like Louis Wain!I am Louis Wain, said the artist.Most people today have never heard of Louis Wain. But, when Rider found him in 1925, he was a household name.He made the cat his own. He invented a cat style, a

4、 cat society, a whole cat world, said H. G. Wells in a broadcast appeal a month or two later. British cats that do not look and live like Louis Wain cats are ashamed of themselves.Before Louis Wain began drawing them, cats were kept strictly in the kitchen if they were kept at all. They were useful

5、for catching mice and perhaps for keeping the maidservant pany. Anyone else who felt affection for cats usually kept quiet about it. If a man admitted that he liked cats, he would be laughed at. The dog was the only domestic animal that could be called a friend.Louis Wain studied art as a youth and

6、became quite a successful newspaper and magazine artist. He specialized in birds and animals, including dogs, but never drew a cat till his wife was dying. They had not been married long, and during her illness a black-and-white cat called Peter used to sit on her bed. To amuse his wife, Louis Wain

7、used to sketch and caricature the cat while he sat by her bedside. She urged him to show these-drawings to editors, fie was unconvinced, but wanted to humour her.The first editor he approached shared his lack of enthusiasm. Whoever would want to see a picture of a cat? he asked, and Louis Wain put t

8、he drawings away. A year or two later he showed them to the editor of The Illustrated London News, who suggested a picture of a cats Christmas party across two full pages. Using his old sketches of Peter, Louis Wain produced a picture containing about a hundred and fifty cats, each one different fro

9、m the rest. It took him a few days to draw, and it made him world famous.For the next twenty-eight years he drew nothing but cats. He filled his house with them, and sketched them in all their moods. There was nothing subtle about his work. Its humour simply lay in showing cats performing human acti

10、vities; they followed every new fashion from sea bathing to motoring. He was recognized, somewhat flatteringly, as the leading authority on the feline species. He became President of the National Cat Club and was eagerly sought after as a judge at cat shows.Louis Wains career ended abruptly in 1914,

11、 when he was seriously injured in a bus accident and became mentally ill. Finally, he was certified insane and put in an asylum for paupers. After Dan Rider found him, appeals were launched and exhibitions of his work arranged, and he spent the rest of his life in fort. He continued to draw cats, bu

12、t they became increasingly strange as his mental illness progressed. Psychiatrists found them more fascinating than anything he had done when he was sane.Task 2【答案】A.1) Because he was always trying new things and new ways of doing things just like a young painter.2) It didnt look like her.3) It was

13、the only picture she knew that showed her as she really was.4) People from the poorer parts of Paris, who were thin, hungry, tired, and sick.B. 1) F2) T 3) F 4) TC. 1881, 1973, Malaga, Spain, ninety-one yearsD. fifteen, nineteen, twenty-three, colors, darker, change, soft-colored, strange, shape, hu

14、man face and figure, strange【原文】Pablo Picasso was born in 1881. So probably you are wondering why we call him the youngest painter in the world. When he died in 1973, he was ninety-one years old. But even at that age, he was still painting like a young painter.For that reason, we have called him the

15、 youngest painter. Young people are always trying new things and new ways of doing things. They wele new ideas. They are restless and are never satisfied. They seek perfection. Older people often fear change. They know what they can do best, riley prefer to repeat their successes, rather than risk f

16、ailure. They have found their own place in life and dont like to leave it. We know what to expect from them.When he was over ninety, this great Spanish painter still lived his life like a young man. He was still looking for new ideas and for new ways to use his artistic materials.Picassos figures so

17、metimes face two ways at once, with the eyes and nose in strange places. Sometimes they are out of shape or broken. Even the colors are not natural. The title of the picture tells us it is a person, but it may look more like a machine.At such times Picasso was trying to paint what he saw with his mi

18、nd as well as with his eyes. He put in the side of the face as well as the front. He painted the naked body and the clothes on it at the same time. He painted in his own way. He never thought about other peoples opinions.Most painters discover a style of painting that suits them and keep to it, espe

19、cially if people like their pictures. As the artist grows older his pictures may change, but not very much. But Picasso was like a man who had not yet found his own style. He was still looking for a way to express his own restless spirit.The first thing one noticed about him was the look in his larg

20、e, wide-open eyes. Gertrude Stein, a famous American writer who knew him when he was young, mentioned this hungry look, and one can still see it in pictures of him today. Picasso painted a picture of her in 1906, and the story is an interesting one.According to Gertrude Stein, she visited the painte

21、rs studio eighty or ninety times while he painted her picture. While Picasso painted they talked about everything in the world that interested them. Then one day Picasso wiped out the painted head though he had worked on it for so long. When I look at you I cant see you any more! he remarked.Picasso

22、 went away for the summer. When he returned, he went at once to the picture left in the er of his studio. Quickly he finished the face from memory. He could see the womans face more clearly in his mind than he could see it when she sat in the studio in front of him.When people plained to him that th

23、e painting of Miss Stein didnt look like her, Picasso would reply, Too bad. Shell have to look like the picture. But thirty years later, Gertrude Stein said that Picassos painting of her was the only picture she knew that showed her as she really wasPicasso was born in Malaga, Spain, a pleasant, qui

24、et town. His father was a painter and art teacher who gave his son his first lessons in drawing.Young Pablo did badly at school. He was lazy and didnt listen to what the teachers were saying. He had confidence in himself from the beginning. But it was soon clear that the boy was an artist and deserv

25、ed the best training he could get. Not even his earliest drawings look like the work of a child.One can say that Picasso was born to be a painter. He won a prize for his painting when he was only fifteen. He studied art in several cities in Spain. But there was no one to teach him all he wanted to k

26、now. When he was nineteen he visited Paris.Paris was then the center of the world for artists. Most painters went there sooner or later to study, to see pictures, and to make friends with other painters. Everything that was new and exciting in the world of painting happened there. When he was twenty

27、-three, Picasso returned there to live, and lived in France for the rest of his life.He was already a fine painter. He painted scenes of town lifepeople in the streets and in restaurants, at horse races and bull fights. They were painted in bright colors and were lovely to look at.But life was not e

28、asy for him. For several years he painted people from the poorer parts of the city. He painted men and women who were thin, hungry, tired, and sick. His colors got darker. Most of these pictures were painted in blue, and showed very clearly what the artist saw and felt. The paintings of this blue pe

29、riod are full of pity and despair.Picasso did not have to wait long for success. As he began to sell his pictures and bee recognized as a painter, his pictures took on a warmer look. At the same time he began to paint with more and more freedom. He began to see people and places as simple forms or s

30、hapes. He no longer tried to make his pictures true to life.The results at first seemed strange and not real. The pictures were difficult to understand. His style of painting was known as Cubism, from the shape of the cube. Many people did not like this new and sometimes frightening style. But what

31、great paintings give us is a view of life through one mans eyes, and every mans view is different.Some of Picassos paintings are rich, soft-colored, and beautiful. Others are strange with sharp, black outlines. But such paintings allow us to imagine things for ourselves. They can make our own view o

32、f the world sharper. For they force us to say to ourselves, What makes him paint like that? What does he see?Birds, places, and familiar objects play a part in Picassos painting. But, when one thinks of him, one usually thinks of the way he painted the human face and figure. It is both beautiful and

33、 strange. Gertrude Stein wrote, The head, the face, the human body-these are all that exist for Picasso. The souls of people do not interest him. The reality of life is in the head, the face, and the body.Task 3【答案】American Decorative Arts and Sculpture:colonial period, furniture, ceramics, ship mod

34、elsAmerican Art:The Far East, Islam, scroll painting, Buddhist sculpture, prints, the third millenniumEuropean Decorative Arts and Sculpture:Western, the fifth century, Medieval art, decorative arts, English silver, porcelain, the musical instrumentsPaintings:11th century, 20th century, impressionis

35、ts, Spanish, Dutch Textiles and Costumes:high quality, a broad selection, weavings, laces, costumes, accessories【原文】Wele to the Museum of Fine Arts. Boston has long been recognized as a leading center for the arts. One of the citys most important cultural resources is the Museum of Fine Arts, which

36、houses collections of art from antiquity to the present day, many of them unsurpassed. Now let me introduce to you some of the collections here.The Museums collections of American decorative arts and sculpture range from the colonial period to the present time, with major emphasis on pre-Civil War N

37、ew England. Furniture, silver, glass, ceramics, and sculpture are on exhibition, as well as an important collection of ship models. Favorite among museum-goers are the collection of 18th-century American furniture, the period rooms, and the superb collection of silver.The Boston Museums Asiatic coll

38、ections are universally recognized as the most extensive assemblage to be found anywhere under one roof. Artistic traditions of the Far East, Islam, and India are represented by objects dating from the third millennium B.C. to the contemporary era. The collections of Japanese and Chinese art are esp

39、ecially noteworthy. The variety of strengths in the collection are reflected in such areas as Japanese prints, Chinese and Japanese scroll painting, Chinese ceramics, and a renowned collection of Buddhist sculpture.The Department of European Decorative Arts and Sculpture houses Western European work

40、s of art dating from the fifth century through 1900. Outstanding among these holdings are the collection of medieval art and the collection of French 18th-century decorative arts. Also of exceptional importance are the English silver collection, the 18th-century English and French porcelain, and the

41、 collection of musical instruments.The Museum has one of the worlds foremost collections of paintings ranging from the 11th century to the early 20th century. This department is noted for French paintings from 1825 to 1900, especially works by the impressionists. The Museums great collection of pain

42、tings by American artists includes more than 60 works by John Singleton Copley and 50 by Gilbert Stuart. There is also a strong representation of paintings from Spain, Italy, and the Netherlands.The collection of textiles and costumes is ranked among the greatest in the world because of the high qua

43、lity and rarity of individual pieces and because it has a broad selection of representative examples of weavings, embroideries, laces, printed fabrics, costumes, and costume accessories. The textile arts of both eastern and western cultures are included, dating from pre-Christian times to the presen

44、t.Apart from what I have mentioned, the Museum has got much more to offer, for example, the collections of classical art, Egyptian and ancient Near Eastern art, and 20th-century art. Ill leave you to explore by yourselves and enjoy your time here. Task 4【答案】A.1) specialists, specialized settings, mo

45、ney, sharp division2) conventions, some societies and periods3) modityB.1) Because they lacked opportunity: The necessary social, educational, and economic conditions to create art rarely existed for women in the past.2) Because the art of indigenous peoples did not share the same expressive methods

46、 or aims as Western art.C. 1) F 2) T【原文】The functions of the artist and artwork have varied widely during the past five thousand years. It our time, the artist is seen as an independent worker, dedicated to the expression of a unique subjective experience. Often the artists role is that of the outsi

47、der, a critical or rebellious figure. He or she is a specialist who has usually undergone advanced training in a university department of art or theater, or a school with a particular focus, such as a music conservatory. In our societies, works of art are presented in specialized settings: theaters,

48、 concert halls, performance spaces, galleries, and museum. There is usually a sharp division between the artist and her or his audience of non-artists. We also associate works of art with money: art auctions in which paintings sell for millions of dollars, ticket sales to the ballet, or fundraising

49、for the local symphony.In other societies and parts of our own society, now and in the past, the arts are closer to the lives of ordinary people. For the majority of their history, artists have expressed the dominant beliefs of a culture, rather than rebelling against them. In place of our emphasis

50、on the development of a personal or original style, artists were trained to conform to the conventions of their art form. Nor have artists always been specialists; in some societies and periods, all members of a society participated in art. The modern Western economic mode, which treats art as a mod

51、ity for sale, is not universal. In societies such as that of the Navaho, the concept of selling or creating a salable version of a sand painting would be pletely inprehensible. Selling Navaho sand paintings created as part of a ritual would profane a sacred experience.Artists identities are rarely k

52、nown before the Renaissance, with the exception of the period of Classical Greece, when artists were highly regarded for their individual talents and styles. Among artists who were known, there were fewer women than men. In the twentieth century, many female artists in all the disciplines have been

53、recognized. Their absence in prior centuries does not indicate lack of talent, but reflects lack of opportunity. The necessary social, educational, and economic conditions to create art rarely existed for women in the past.Artists of color have also been recognized in the West only recently. The rea

54、sons for this absence range from the simple-there were few Asians in America and Europe prior to the middle of the nineteenth century-to the plexities surrounding African Americans. The art of indigenous peoples, while far older than that of the West, did not share the same expressive methods or aim

55、s as Western art. Until recently, such art was ignored or dismissed in Western society by the dominant cultural gatekeepers. Task 5【答案】A.1) a) 2) c) 3) b)B. observant, a dog, Leather Bar. Magnificent visual memory, essentials. Rhythm, Dustmen. everyday scenes, Her salty sense of humourC. 1) T 2) F 3

56、) T 4) T【原文】Few artists can have made such an immediate impact on the public as Beryl Cook. At one moment she was pletely unknown; at the next, so it seemed, almost everyone had heard of her. First, a few paintings appeared quietly in the window of a remote country antique shop. Then there were exhi

57、bitions in Plymouth, in Bristol, in London; an article in a colour supplement, a television programme, a series of greetings cards and a highly successful book. Her rise was all the more astonishing since she was pletely untrained, and was already middle-aged by the time she began to paint. Faced wi

58、th such a series of events, the temptation is to discuss Beryls art in the context of naive art. This seems to me a mistake, for she is a highly sophisticated and original painter, whose work deserves to be taken on its own terms. What are those terms? If one actually meets Beryl, one es to understa

59、nd them a little better. The pictures may seem extrovert, but she is not. For example, she is too shy to turn up at her own private viewings. Her pleasure is to stay in the background, observing. And what an observer Beryl Cook is! It so happens that I was present when the ideas for two of the paint

60、ings in the present collection germinated. One is a portrait of my dog, a French bulldog called Bertie. When Beryl came to see me for the first time, he jumped up the stairs ahead of her, wearing his winter coat which is made from an old scarf. A few days later his picture arrived in the post. The p

61、icture called Leather Bar had its beginnings the same evening. I took Beryl and her husband John to a pub. There was a fight, and we saw someone being thrown out by the bouncers. The point about these two incidents is that they both happened in a flash. No one was carrying camera; there was no oppor

62、tunity to make sketches. But somehow the essentials of the scene registered themselves on Beryl, and she was able to record them later in an absolutely convincing and authoritative way. The fact is she has two very rare gifts, not one. She has a magnificent visual memory, and at same time she is abl

63、e to rearrange and simplify what she sees until it makes a pletely convincing position. Berties portrait, with its plump backside and bow legs, is more like Bertie than reflection in a mirrorit catches the absolute essentials of his physique and personality. But these gifts are just the foundation o

64、f what Beryl Cook does. She has a very keen feeling for pictorial rhythm. The picture of Dustmen, for instance, has a whirling rhythm which is emphasized by the movement of their large hands in red rubber glovesthese big hands are often a special feature of Beryls pictures. The English artist she mo

65、st closely resembles in this respect is Stanley Spencer. Details such as those I have described are, of course, just the kind of thing to appeal to a professional art critic. Important as they are, they would not in themselves account for the impact she has had on the public. Basically, I think this impact is due to two things. When Beryl paints an actual, everyday sceneand I confess these are the pictures I prefe