2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考前模拟强化练习题69（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The reason he wants to take a leave of absence is _.问题1选项A.because he is needing a complete restB.because he needed a complete restC.that he needs a complete restD.because a complete rest is needed by him【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. because he is needing a complete rest B

2、. because he needed a complete restC. that he needs a complete rest D. because a complete rest is needed by him【答案】C【考查点】表语从句。【解题思路】分析句子可知，句子缺少表语，而结合选项可知，该句的句意是“他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息”，所以空格处是一个表语从句，because和that都可以引导表语从句，而“需要休息”的主体是he，所以从句中的主语用he，又根据前面的wants可知，need应该同样用一般现在时，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项need一般不用于进行时态；B

3、项need时态使用错误；D项主语应该是he，故排除。【句意】他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息。2. 单选题They are well _ with each other since they once studied in the same university.问题1选项A.acquaintedB.recognizedC.acknowledgedD.identified【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. acquainted熟悉；了解 B. recognized辨别出；意识到C. acknowledged承认（属实） D. identified确认；认出【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路

4、】根据since原因状语从句的内容“因为他们曾在同一所大学学习”可推知，They are well _ with each other表示的是“他们互相了解、熟悉对方”，所以空格处表示“熟悉”，而be acquainted with也是常见搭配，表示“与相识；了解”，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C项不符合句意；D项指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等，不符合句意。【句意】因为他们曾在同一所大学学习，所以彼此很熟悉。3. 单选题Passage threeToo many vulnerable child-free adults are being ruthlessly (无情的) mani

5、pulated into parent-hood by their parents , who think that happiness among older people depends on having a grand-child to spoil. We need an organization to help beat down the persistent campaigns of grand-childless parents. Its time to establish Planned Grandparenthood, which would have many global

6、 and local benefits.Part of its mission would be to promote the risks and realities associated with being a grandparent. The staff would include depressed grandparents who would explain how grandkids break lamps, bite, scream and kick. Others would detail how an hour of baby-sitting often turns into

7、 a crying marathon. More grandparents would testify that they had to pay for their grandchilds expensive college education.Planned grandparenthoods carefully written literature would detail all the joys of life grand-child-free a calm living room, extra money for luxuries during the golden years, et

8、c. Potential grandparents would be reminded that, without grandchildren around, its possible to have a conversation with your kids, who incidentally would have more time for their own parents.Meanwhile, most children are vulnerable to the enormous influence exerted by grand-childless parents aiming

9、to persuade their kids to produce children. They will take a call from a persistent parent, even if theyre loaded with works. In addition, some parents make handsome money offers payable upon the grandchilds birth. Sometimes these gifts not only cover expenses associated with the infants birth, but

10、extras, too, like a vacation. In any case, cash gifts can weaken the resolve of even the noblest person.At Planned Grandparenthood, children targeted by their parents to reproduce could obtain non-biased information about the insanity of having their own kids. The catastrophic psychological and econ

11、omic costs of childbearing would be emphasized. The symptoms of morning sickness would be listed and horrors of childbirth pictured. A monthly newsletter would contain stories about overwhelmed parents and offer guidance on how childless adults can respond to the different lobbying tactics that woul

12、d-be grandparents employ.When I think about all the problems of our overpopulated world and look at our boy grabbing at the lamp by the sofa, I wish I could have turned to Planned Grandparenthood when my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me.If I could have, I might not be in this parent

13、hood predicament (窘境). But heres the crazy irony, I dont want my child-free life back. Dylans too much fun.31. Whats the purpose of the proposed organization Planned Grandparenthood?32. Planned Grandparenthood would include depressed grandparents on its staff in order to _.33. According to the passa

14、ge, some couples may eventually choose to have children because _.34. By saying “my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me” (Para. 6), the author means that _.35. What does the author really of the idea of having children?问题1选项A.To discourage people from insisting on having grandchildren.

15、B.To offer counseling to people on how to raise grandchildren.C.To provide facilities and services for grand-childless parents.D.To encourage childless couples to have children.问题2选项A.share their experience in raising grandchildren in a more scientific wayB.draw attention to the troubles and difficu

16、lties grandchildren may causeC.help raise funds to cover the high expense of education for grandchildrenD.show them the joys of life grandparents may have in raising grandchildren问题3选项A.they have learn from other parents about the joys of having childrenB.they feel more and more lonely ad they grow

17、olderC.they have found it irrational to remain childlessD.they find it hard to resist the carrot-and-stick approach of their parents问题4选项A.her parents asked her to save for the expenses of raising a childB.her parents kept pressuring her to have a childC.her parents liked to have a grandchild in the

18、ir armsD.her parents kept blaming her for her childs bad behavior问题5选项A.It contributes to overpopulation.B.It is a psychological catastrophe.C.It is troublesome but rewarding.D.It does more harm than good.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】31.【选项释义】31. Whats the purpose of the proposed organization Pl

19、anned Grandparenthood? 31. 提议祖孙辈计划生育组织的目的是什么？A. To discourage people from insisting on having grandchildren. A. 让人们不要再坚持要孙子孙女了。B. To offer counseling to people on how to raise grandchildren. B. 为人们提供如何抚养孙子孙女的咨询。C. To provide facilities and services for grand-childless parents. C. 为没有孙子孙女的祖父母提供设施和服务。

20、D. To encourage childless couples to have children. D. 鼓励无子女的夫妇生孩子。【答案】A【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第一段最后两句“我们需要一个组织来打消上一代对于要孩子的偏执。是时候建立一个祖孙辈计划生育了，这会为当地百姓甚至全世界造福。”理解可知，祖孙辈计划生育组织的目的是打消上一代对于要孙子孙女的偏执，A项“让人们不要再坚持要孙子孙女了”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“为人们提供如何抚养孙子孙女的咨询”，根据第二段第一句“它的部分使命是宣传与做祖父母有关的风险和现实”可知，该项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；C项“为没有孙子孙女的

21、祖父母提供设施和服务”没有提到，该项属于无中生有；D项“鼓励无子女的夫妇生孩子”，祖孙辈计划生育是打消父母要孙子孙女的想法，所以该项与原文相反，属于反向干扰。32.【选项释义】32. Planned Grandparenthood would include depressed grandparents on its staff in order to _. 32. 祖孙辈计划生育将包括患有抑郁症的祖父母，以便_。A. share their experience in raising grandchildren in a more scientific way A. 分享他们以更科学的方式抚

22、养孙子孙女的经验B. draw attention to the troubles and difficulties grandchildren may cause B. 让人们注意到孙辈可能会带来的麻烦和困难C. help raise funds to cover the high expense of education for grandchildren C. 帮助筹集资金以支付孙辈的高额教育费用D. show them the joys of life grandparents may have in raising grandchildren D. 让他们看看祖父母在抚养孙辈时可能会

23、享受到的生活乐趣【答案】B【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段第二句“工作人员中包括患有抑郁的祖父母，他们会解释孙辈是如何打碎灯、咬人、尖叫和踢人的”，结合第一句“它的部分使命是宣传与做祖父母有关的风险和现实”理解可知，祖孙辈计划生育将包括患有抑郁症的祖父母，是为了让想要孙子的祖父母认识到孙辈可能会带来的麻烦，B项“让人们注意到孙辈可能会带来的麻烦和困难”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“分享他们以更科学的方式抚养孙子孙女的经验”和D项“让他们看看祖父母在抚养孙辈时可能会享受到的生活乐趣”与祖孙辈计划生育的目的相反，这两项属于反向干扰；C项“帮助筹集资金以支付孙辈的高额教育费用”

24、，这不是让患有抑郁症的祖父母加入祖孙辈计划生育组织的目的，该项属于出处错位。33.【选项释义】33. According to the passage, some couples may eventually choose to have children because _. 33. 根据这篇文章，一些夫妇可能最终会选择要孩子，因为_。A. they have learn from other parents about the joys of having children A. 他们从其他父母那里学到了有孩子的快乐B. they feel more and more lonely ad

25、they grow older B. 随着年龄的增长，他们感到越来越孤独C. they have found it irrational to remain childless C. 他们发现不生孩子是不理智的D. they find it hard to resist the carrot-and-stick approach of their parents D. 他们发现很难抗拒父母软硬兼施的方法【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第四段的内容“与此同时，大多数孩子都容易受到没有孙子的父母试图说服他们的孩子生孩子的巨大影响。他们会接到父母的电话，即使他们有很多工作要做。此外，

26、一些父母会在孙子出生的时候给他一笔可观的钱作为礼物。有时候，这些现金礼物不仅能支付与婴儿出生有关的费用，还能支付额外的费用，比如度假。在任何情况下，即使是最高尚的人，现金礼物也会削弱他们的决心。”，理解可知，一些没有孩子的夫妇更容易受到父母的劝说，他们会接到父母电话，甚至还有金钱奖励，可推断，一些夫妇可能最终在父母的软硬兼施下会选择要孩子，该题选择D项“他们发现很难抗拒父母软硬兼施的方法”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“他们从其他父母那里学到了有孩子的快乐”、B项“随着年龄的增长，他们感到越来越孤独”和C项“他们发现不生孩子是不理智的”文中没有提到，都属于无中生有。34.【选项释义】34. By

27、 saying “my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me” (Para. 6), the author means that _. 34. 第6段说“我的父母把孙子塞在我身上”，作者的意思是_。A. her parents asked her to save for the expenses of raising a child A. 她的父母要她攒钱以支付抚养孩子的费用B. her parents kept pressuring her to have a child B. 她的父母一直催她要个孩子C. her parents

28、 liked to have a grandchild in their arms C. 她的父母喜欢抱孙子D. her parents kept blaming her for her childs bad behavior D. 她的父母一直因她孩子的不良行为而责备她【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第六段“我真希望当我的父母把孙子塞在我身上时，我能求助于祖孙辈计划生育协会”，结合文章前面的内容可知，祖孙辈计划生育协会是打消父母辈想要孙子的念头，而这里提到要求助于祖孙辈计划生育协会，可以推断“我的父母把孙子塞在我身上”表明的意思是父母一直催她要个孩子，B项“她的父母

29、一直催她要个孩子”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“她的父母要她攒钱以支付抚养孩子的费用”和D项“她的父母一直因她孩子的不良行为而责备她”文中没有提及，这两项属于无中生有；C项“她的父母喜欢抱孙子”表述不够准确，根据解题思路可知，“我”想求助祖孙辈计划生育协会，说明父母辈是在催生，该项属于曲解原文。35.【选项释义】35. What does the author really of the idea of having children? 35. 作者对于有孩子这个想法的真正想法是什么？A. It contributes to overpopulation. A. 它导致了人口过剩。B. It

30、is a psychological catastrophe. B. 这是一场心理灾难。C. It is troublesome but rewarding. C. 这很麻烦，但很值得。D. It does more harm than good. D. 它弊大于利。【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段“如果可以的话，我也许就不会陷入为人父母的困境了。但最讽刺的是，我不想要回没有孩子的生活。”可以看出，作者对于生孩子的看法是两面性的，既不想陷入为人父母的困境，但是又享受有孩子的生活，所以推断作者对于有孩子的想法是虽然很麻烦，但是值得，该题选择C项“这很麻烦，但很值得”符合题

31、意。【干扰项排除】A项“它导致了人口过剩”不是作者的真正想法，该项属于出处错位；B项“这是一场心理灾难”文中没有提及，该项属于无中生有；D项“它弊大于利”，作者对于有孩子的看法是双面性的，该项属于曲解原文。4. 单选题It is obvious that this applicable to everyone without _.问题1选项A.exceptionB.excisionC.modificationD.substitution【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. exception一般情况以外的人（或事物）；例外 B. excision切除；删除C. modification改进；改变

32、 D. substitution代替；替换【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息applicable to everyone（适用于每一个人）可知，每个人都适用，也就是说没有一个例外，without exception是常见用法，表示“无例外地，全部”，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】显然，这适用于每个人，无一例外。5. 单选题_ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, in an earthquake.问题1选项A.Accumulat

33、edB.AssembledC.GatheredD.Collected【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. Accumulated积累；积聚 B. Assembled聚集；集合C. Gathered集合；归拢（分散的东西） D. Collected收集；采集【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据谓语动词must be released（必须被释放）可推知，能量积累到一定程度的时候必须释放出来，所以_ energy是指“积累的能量”，accumulate指任何事物量的增加，侧重于连续不断地、一点一滴地聚积，该题选择A项符合句意。【干扰项排除】B项指把人或事物聚集在一起；C项侧重于围绕一个中心

34、的集合、聚集；D项侧重于指有区别地作选择或有安排有计划地把零散物集中起来；以上三项都不符合句意。【句意】地下积累的能量必须以一种或另一种形式释放出来，例如地震。6. 翻译题In the eyes of Chinese, what is important about eating, especially at festivals, is to at in a warm atmosphere.【答案】在中国人看来，吃饭最重要的是在一个温暖的气氛中，尤其是在节日里。7. 单选题Home economists recommend _ in large quantities.问题1选项A.to buy

35、 basic food itemsB.buying basic items of the foodC.buying basic food itemsD.to buy basic items of the food【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. to buy basic food items购买基本食品 B. buying basic items of the food购买基本食品C. buying basic food items购买基本食品 D. to buy basic items of the food购买基本食品【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】food items是常见搭

36、配，表示“食品”，可先排除B、D项；recommend可以和to do搭配，也可以与doing搭配，但是如果后面跟不定式，recommend后面要跟sb.，recommend sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人去做某事”；如果后面跟doing，recommend可以直接跟，recommend doing sth.表示“建议做某事”，所以此处选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项要加sb.才符合搭配，故排除；B、D项不符合固定搭配。【句意】家庭经济学家建议大量购买基本食品。8. 单选题He found the _ media attention intolerable and decided to

37、 go abroad.问题1选项A.sufficientB.constantC.steadyD.plenty【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. sufficient足够的；充足的 B. constant连续发生的；不断的C. steady（发展、增长等）稳步的，持续的 D. plenty大量；很多adv.【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据intolerable（无法忍受的）可推知，media attention（媒体关注）是连续不断的，空格处表示“不断的”，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C项不符合句意；D项是副词，不符合句子语法结构。【句意】他无法忍受媒体不断的关注，决定出国。

38、9. 单选题Fred doesnt like white coffee, nor does he like to put cream on his strawberries, because he prefers them _.问题1选项A.naturalB.plainC.simpleD.ordinary【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. natural自然的；天然的 B. plain朴素的；简单的C. simple简单的 D. ordinary普通的；平常的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】按照主句内容“弗雷德不喜欢加牛奶的咖啡，也不喜欢在草莓上加奶油”可推知，他喜欢吃原滋原味的食

39、物，plain可以表示食物等素净、清淡的，所以该题选择B项恰当。【干扰项排除】A项、D项不符合句意；C项指人或事物拥有他们所需要的所有基本或必要的东西，或者某件事物易于理解，不符合语境。【句意】弗雷德不喜欢加牛奶的咖啡，也不喜欢在草莓上加奶油，因为他喜欢原味的食物。10. 单选题There is no _ to the house from the main road.问题1选项A.accessB.exposureC.avenueD.edge【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. access通路；入径 B. exposure面临，遭受（危险或不快）C. avenue（城镇的）大街 D. edge

40、边缘；边线【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词from the main road（从主路）可知，空格处所表达的是去房子的“通道”，所以该题选择A项符合句意。【干扰项排除】B、D项不符合句意；C项是指城镇的大街，故排除。【句意】从大路没有通路到那所房子。11. 单选题Shes got so _ to light music that it has become a constant companion of her life.问题1选项A.use to listenB.used to listenC.used in listeningD.used to listening【答案

41、】D【解析】【选项释义】A. use to listen B. used to listenC. used in listening D. used to listening【答案】D【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据got可知，get used to doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“习惯于”，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】B项get used to中的to是介词，后面不能直接跟动词原形；A、C项不符合固定搭配。【句意】她已经非常习惯听轻音乐，轻音乐已经成为她生活中永远的伴侣。12. 单选题My brothers plans are _; he wants to master Engl

42、ish, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.问题1选项A.arbitraryB.ambitiousC.aggressiveD.abundant【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. arbitrary任意的；武断的 B. ambitious有野心的；有雄心的C. aggressive好斗的；挑衅的 D. abundant大量的；丰盛的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据后半句的句意“他想在16岁之前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语”可得知，他的计划是雄心勃勃的，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】我哥哥的计划雄心勃勃；他想

43、在16岁之前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语。13. 单选题He does not _ his workmate, and there are often disagreements between them.问题1选项A.go on withB.put up withC.get along withD.keep up with【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. go on with继续；进行 B. put up with忍受，容忍C. get along with与和睦相处；取得进展 D. keep up with赶得上；和保持联系【答案】C【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】根据后半句“他们之间经常有

44、分歧”可知，他和他的同事之间的关系不是很好，所以空格处表示“和睦相处”符合句意，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。【句意】他和他的同事相处不好，他们之间经常有分歧。14. 单选题Only those who can _ to lose their money should make high-risk investments.问题1选项A.maintainB.sustainC.endureD.afford【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. maintain维持；保持 B. sustain维持（生命、生存）；使稳定持续C. endure忍耐；忍受 D. afford买得起；承

45、担得起（后果）【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息lose their money（金钱损失）和make high-risk investments（进行高风险投资）推知，只有承受得起损失的人才能进行高风险投资，afford to是固定搭配，表示“能承担；（有条件）做”，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不符合句意；C项是及物动词，后面不需要跟介词。【句意】只有那些能够承受损失的人才应该进行高风险投资。15. 单选题Last night he saw two dark _ enter the building, and then there was the explosi

46、on.问题1选项A.featuresB.figuresC.sketchesD.images【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. features特征 B. figures（代表数量，尤指官方资料中的）数字；人物；（隐约可见的）人影C. sketches素描；速写 D. images形象；印象【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据后半句“然后就发生了爆炸”可推知，大楼爆炸是人为的，所以dark _表示“黑色的人影”，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】昨晚他看到两个黑影进入大楼，然后就发生了爆炸。16. 单选题During the lecture, the spe

47、aker occasionally _ his point by relating his own experiences.问题1选项A.illustratedB.hintedC.tiedD.displayed【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. illustrated说明，阐明 B. hinted暗示；透露C. tied（用线、绳等）系，拴 D. displayed陈列；展出【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词the speaker（演讲者）和his point（他的观点）可推知，空格处表示“阐明观点”，illustrate指用例子、故事或图表阐明，符合句意，故该题选择A项。【

48、干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】在讲座中，演讲者偶尔会通过讲述自己的经历来阐述他的观点。17. 单选题They dont know how to put in a central-heating system, but they managed it by trial and _.问题1选项A.faultB.slopC.errorD.mistake【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. fault过错；缺点 B. slop泔水；（倒掉的）剩饭菜C. error错误；差错 D. mistake错误，失误【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】按照句意“他们不知道如何安装中央供暖系统，但

49、他们通过试验和_设法做到了”，由by trial可知，by trial and error是固定搭配，表示“反复试验”，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项泛指抽象的过失、过错、责任等，不符合句意；B项不符合句意；D项指判断或理解方面的错误，或是由于缺乏思考或疏忽而造成的错误，不符合句意。【句意】他们不知道如何安装中央供暖系统，但他们通过反复试验设法做到了。18. 单选题Jims close _ to his brother made people mistake them for one another.问题1选项A.accuracyB.confusionC.probabilityD.rese

50、mblance【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. accuracy精确，准确 B. confusion困惑；混乱C. probability可能性；概率 D. resemblance相似，相像【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】按照句意“吉姆和他哥哥的_使人们误以为他们是彼此”可推知，吉姆兄弟俩让人们认不出来，说明吉姆和他哥哥长得相似，resemblance是指与某人或某物相似或看起来相似，与介词to搭配使用，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】吉姆和他哥哥长得很像，这使人们误以为他们是彼此。19. 单选题_ elephants are different fr

51、om wild elephants in many aspects, including their tempers.问题1选项A.CultivatedB.RegulatedC.CivilD.Tame【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. Cultivated用于耕作的；有教养的 B. Regulated调节的C. Civil国民的；平民的 D. Tame养驯的，驯服的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】按照句意“_的大象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气”可知，野象脾气不稳定，而驯服的大象会更温顺，所以空格处表示“驯服的”符合句意，该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】驯象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气。20. 翻译题Anyone can make things bigger and more complex, what requires real effort and courage is to move in the opposite directionin other words, to make things as simple as possible.【答案】任何人都可以把事情做得更大、更复杂，但真正需要努力和勇气的是朝相反的方向走，换句话说，就是把事情做得尽可能简单。