“动物世界”儿童趣味灯具设计含开题报告、任务书.zip
“动物世界”儿童趣味灯具设计含开题报告、任务书.zip,动物,世界,儿童,趣味,灯具,设计,开题,报告,任务书
中期检查表 题 目 “动物世界”儿童趣味灯具设计 指导教师 职称 学生姓名 阅读文献数 15 初稿完成时间 工 作 量 适中 较多 出勤情况 一般 较差 工作进度 按进度进行 慢 任 务 书 开题报告 中期工作结论 调整情况 无 教研室主任 意见 同意 教研室主任(签名):XX 日期:XXXX 学院意见 同意 教学院长(签名):XX 日期:XXXX 附录 1:外文翻译新时代台灯建模设计讨论 江小伟长春大学机械工程学院,长春,吉林,130022,中国hyqq901163.com关键词:台灯,建模设计,使用功能,艺术功能。摘要: 由于台灯的造型设计长期以来被忽视,所以本文分析了台灯造型设计的重 要意义。面对现有传统台灯的设计问题,本文对台灯的设计建模功能,台灯的颜色,台 灯的形状和纹理效果和台灯的功能进行了阐述,其中在功能方面主要阐述了它的使用功 能和艺术功能,颜色主要是强调了协调,而且台灯应该是根据不同的目标人群拥有不同 的形状和纹理效果。与此同时,还分析了台灯造型设计的时代特征,最后进行了相应的 总结。介绍 现代的小台灯仍然有一个大市场,它与相关的教育密切相连。据统计,学校男生做作业时都会伴随着台灯,而在每个大学的学生宿舍里,台灯的身影随处可见。目前,市 场上的台灯种类繁多,并且各具特色,有节能、护眼、制氧等类型的台灯。特别是步入 新世纪以来,一些具有适当色彩、独特造型的台灯脱颖而出,出现了新的趋势和欣欣向 荣的景象。但是,由于台灯作为一种小产品,其造型设计工作长期以来一直被忽视,缺 乏系统的研究,使台灯造型呆板、色彩单调、缺乏美感。其实,小产品需要更大的设计。台灯造型设计的作用 台灯造型设计的重要因素之一是有效发挥其功能,改善其内、外部品质。台灯的功能是什么?在传统的观点,它是解决局部小范围的照明问题。传统的台灯通常由灯座和 灯罩组成。由于灯罩可以集中光线向下照明,所以台灯的原始功能就是简单地解决了照 明的一小部分问题。当然,如果仅仅只看这一点,似乎设计一个台灯非常简单,任何人 都可以做到这一点。但一个好的台灯设计不是那么容易的事情。最佳的台灯设计,不仅 具有良好的使用、操作简单和安全可靠的特点,而且其外观形状、着色和纹理效果都应 该能打动人,并让用户产生共鸣,给予他们极大的精神诉求和无限美的享受。如果我们 仍然使用形而上学的思想,只考虑它的照明目的,那是绝对不够的。我们需要综合考虑, 使其发挥更大的作用,这是台灯造型设计的最终目的。通过分析,我们可以看到台灯的 功能,一个是使用的,另一个是心理的,前者叫做使用功能,后者叫艺术功能 1 。- 45-使用功能。台灯产品的最终目的是供人们使用。因此,台灯的使用功能与人的因素 密切相关。提高产品的使用功能必须重视人机研究。人机研究又称为人体工程学,在美 国称为人机工程学,实际上,这门学科就是人类科学与环境科学不断渗透到工程科学之 后的交叉产物。人机工程学研究了人类信息与各种工业产品之间相互作用的关系。它包 括一个非常广泛的内容 2 。例如,人体的结构比例,每个尺寸的人体重量、表面积、 密度、重力和传力范围、活动范围、动作速度、重力变化和转动惯量的中心等;人的视 觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和身体机能的感官特性;反映在环境适应性中各种物理因素的人 体;形状、颜色、纹理效果和把手、按钮的安装位置,各类工业产品开关等。只有人类 与工业产品保持合理的匹配状态,才能有效地表达人的潜能、创造高效、减少疲劳、促 进健康、提高生活质量。在台灯造型设计中,主要运用人机交互的方法来研究人与灯的使用关系。例如,在 设计台灯,视觉肌肉特性、人体结构比例、人体生理尺度和心理尺度都应进行分析;同 时还应分析,对光照等环境因素对人体生理、心理和工作效率的影响 3 。需要考虑的 是人究竟在哪种类型的光照范围内,能获得亲密而不产生视觉疲劳的反射;台灯的高度 和装置如何不影响视力,不让人感到刺眼、迷眼。因此,在设计台灯时,应保证以下几 个方面。使光线反射一段时间,然后到达工作面,从而获得柔和、均匀的照明效果,同时 避免明显的阴影;无论从任何角度看,光都看不见,以免刺激眼睛;补偿白炽灯光谱得到适当的光照;减弱灯罩边缘的亮度,并允许部分光线溢出,以防止灯和深色背景和眼睛不适造 成的过度对比 4 。艺术功能。新时期产品造型艺术是利用产品材料和技术条件对产品使用功能进行特 定的艺术表现。其造型艺术的品质是提高市场竞争力、提高产品的品牌形象、满足人们 对产品视觉愉悦的要求。当我们看到一个产品,它的外观造型会首先对我们的心理或生 理产生影响,即以直观的欣赏,做出不同的判断或产生不同的反射,这是清新、亮丽、 愉快、舒适和令人沮丧、抑郁、粗俗等,通过产品外观反射艺术功能的影响 1 。台灯造型设计的艺术功能体现在外观造型、色彩和肌理效果上。外观是否新颖,色 彩是否适宜,工艺处理是否得当,直接影响到我们的喜恶,同时也有一些心理上的平静、 兴奋、活泼、沉默、压抑等心理反映。台灯的颜色 作为要发挥产品本身功能的前提,台灯的色彩应与灯具本身相契合。每一个台灯应该有一个主色,考虑不同的人喜欢不同的色彩和不同区域的颜色选择的差异,台灯应该 有各种各样的颜色,使人产生千变万化的感觉。例如,用亮绿色作为主色的台灯,充满 生机和活力,从而改善沮丧,让人从抑郁的学习和工作中感到快乐、清新,心情愉快才能提高效率;橙色让人感到明朗、丰富多彩、温暖、友好;蓝色使人联想到大海和广阔 天空 6 ,让人感觉清爽精神,以促进工作和学习;灰色给人以纯净、简单和优雅的感 觉,呈现出一种舒适。可见,台灯的颜色直接影响使用者的情绪。如果颜色是盲目的, 那它会给人强烈的刺激,容易造成疲劳,而适当的色彩可以提高学习和工作效率,减少 疲劳感。台灯的形状和纹理效果 形状是最活跃也是最丰富的情感建模因子。活泼和宁静,复杂和纯净、稳定和轻巧、庄严和温暖反映的产品都密切相关。因此,在设计台灯时,应该合理地使用形状。例如, 商业办公用台灯应该反映商业秩序和效率,因此设计应该是超然的、正式的、严格的、 中性的外观特征,从而强调机械化和几何形;家用台灯应体现常态化、人性化、亲和性、 轻便性、敏捷性、温馨性的特点,因此,在造型设计时应该强调使用有机的自由形状, 不是刚性的、冷的几何形态;学生使用台灯应该采用几何外形,为了体现严肃的形式特 征,像在商业办公时使用的台灯形状不能太严格如教条般的,它应该将几何形状改为柔 软的形状,将角改成平滑的 S 曲线或波浪曲线,来丰富人性和生机。在工业产品设计中的纹理效果、质感和肌理美的视觉元素和感觉元素都产生诱导和 刺激人的视觉和触觉。这些不同程度的诱导和刺激可以使人产生不同的生理和心理的影 响。因此,在设计台灯时,要善于利用材料和工艺所产生的自然美感,加强肌理效果的 对比。如图 1 所示,这款台灯是一个强烈的光滑感和摩擦感的对比,有一种华贵朴素、 活泼和微妙的感觉,让人感到愉悦。图 1 具有强烈对比效果的台灯台灯造型设计的时代特征 随着时代的进步,人类生活水平的提高,生活节奏也加快,生产效率突飞猛进,但同时面临能源短缺和工业垃圾增多。这些都要求产品伴随着人类的生活,而工作应该是 绿色的、节能的、简洁的、优化的,并具有一种与信息时代相联系的现代感受,一种符- 47-合现代生活的精神。产品应该是一个具有真正生命力和魅力的有机整体,将自然幽默的 高度与简洁的造型相结合,丰富而强大的设计语言,使产品建立其本身技术和文化的连 接,让用户清楚一切,就如同他们能够看到或触摸产品。因此,新时代台灯造型应简洁、大胆摒弃,使其美感来源于照明科学原理 7 ,而 不是来自额外的装饰以达到良好的使用效果。例如,简单而美丽的几何形状台灯,如图 2 所示,其基础是接近方形,头是长方形,中间是由一种软或硬的弧组成的形态,可以 说成是在广场上有一个圆圈,圆中有一个方,这不仅使台灯显得简洁大方,朴实无华, 更有一种和平的感觉。这种台灯的设计非常简洁,充分体现了工业产品造型设计的经济 性原则。图 2 几何形状的台灯总结 上述粗浅的探讨是从分析的角度探讨了工业造型设计的新时代和台灯的造型设计。从中可以看出,在新时代的台灯造型设计中,既要注意其使用功能,又要注意其艺术功 能,必须要考虑到它的造型、色彩和肌理效果。与此同时,产品造型的时代特征也应该 被得到认可。根据科学的照明原理和时代背景,研究设计出新颖别致的台灯产品,使台 灯产品的造型设计能够处于一个新的高度。参考文献1 Liming Fu: Kesearch onModleffngOesfpffndMsfrfafProducf(Jilin People Press, Changchun2002).2 Yulan Ding: irgonomfcs(Beijing Institute of Techno1ogy Press, Beijing2005).3 Xiaowei Jiang and Xianchun Cheng: Research on Modeling Design of Numerica1 Contro1Machine Too1, volume1 of 2010 Internationa1 Conference on Computer-Aided Manufactulingand Design, IEEE Publications(2010), p. 2704 Renke He: fndusfrfafOesfp 互 Zsfo.ry (Higher Education Press, Beijing2004) 5 Longsheng Li:ArfOesfgn Overvlew(Anhui ArtPress, Anhui2003).6 Song Qiu:ModlefZngOesfp 方 asls(Tsinghua University Press, Beijing2005).7 Hong Liu, Yannan Shen and Qiong Chen: Key Engineering Materials Vo1. 364-366 (2008), p. 789- 49-附录 2:外文原文外文网址: http:/kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=SJTT&dbname=SJTT_U&filename=SJT T12111100052967&v=MTcxMjNoVUwvSUlGc1hhUkE9TmlmZmVySzZIOUROcm85RlpP NE5CWG8rb0dWbTYwMEpTSDdrcXhveWZNT1ZOTHJ3WmVadUVTbg=。Advanced Materials Research Vols 295-297 (2011) pp 2581-2584(2011) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerlanddoi: 10.4028/www.scientijic.ne IAMR.295-297.2581Online: 2011-07-04Discussion on the Modeling Design of New Times Table LampXiaowei JiangI nstitute of Mechanical Engineeri ng, Changchun U niversity , Changchun , Jili n, 130022, China hyqq901163 .comKeyw。rds: Table Lam p, Model i ng Design, Usi ng Function, Artistic FunctionAbstract. Since the modeling design of table lamp is ignored for a long time, this paper analyzes the significance of modeling design of table lamp. In view of the existing design problems of traditional table lamp, this paper states the function of modeling design of table lamp, the color of table lamp, the shape and texture effect of table lamp, among them the function mainly expounds its using function and artistic function, the color emphasizes the harmonization , and the shape and texture effect indicates that it should be different according to the different target people. Furthermore, the Era characteristics of modeling design of table lamp are analyzed. At last, the corresponding summary is madeIntroductionNow a small table lamp still has a big market, it is closely related to the attention to education According to statistics that the school boy does homework , accompanied by a table lamp, and in every student dormitory of university , the figure of table lamp also can be seen. Nowadays , in the market, the kind of table lamp is various and has distinguishing feature, there are energy-saving, eye-protecting, oxygen-making and other table lamp. Especially since stepping into the new age, some table lamps that have appropriate color, novel and distinctive modeling stand out, emerging a new trend and a thriving scene. But, the table lamp as a small product, the modeling design work is ignored for a long time and lacks of systematic study, so that the shape of table lamp is still inflexible, the color is dull and lacking of aesthetic feeling. Actually, small products need more large designThe Function of Modeling Design of Table LampOne of the important factors of modeling design of table lamp is effectively playing its function, improving its inner and exterior quality. What is the function of table lamp? In the traditional opinion, it is to address local, small range of lighting problem. So the traditional table lamp is usually composed by a lamp holder and a cylinder chimney. Due to the chimney can concentrate light downward illuminating, so the original function of table lamp is simply solving the problem of a fraction of lighting. Of course, if still only look at this point, it seems to design a table lamp is very simple, anyone can do it. But a good design of table lamp is not so easy. The optimal table lamp, not only has good using characteristics and easy to operate, safe and reliable, and its appearance shape, color and texture effect can move the person , and resonate with user, giving person with great spirit appeal and limitless beautiful enjoyment. If we still use metaphysical ideas, only considering its lighting pu叩ose, it is absolutely insufficient. We need to comprehensive consider, make it play a bigger function, this is the ultimate purpose of the modeling design of table lamp. From this analysis, we can see that the function of table lamp, one kind is using and the other kind is mental, the former is called using function and the latter is called artistic function 1The Using Function. The ultimate goal of table lamp product is for people to use. Therefore, the using function of table lamp is closely related with human factors. Improving the using function of product , must pay attention to the man-machine study. The man-machine learning is also called the human body engineering and called ergonomics in USA. In fact, the subject is a cross product that human science and environmental science continuously permeate to the engineering scientific. It is studying the interaction relationship of human information with all kinds of industrial product. ItAUR气All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications , www.ttp.net. (ID: 158.42.28.33 , Universidad Politecnica de Valenc旧,Valencia , Spain-25/05/ 15,11:16:16)2582Man ufactu ri ng Science and Tech nol 。gy, AEMT2011includes a very extensive content 2. For example, the structure scale of human body, each size of human body, weight, surface area, density, gravity and sending force scope, activity scope, movement speed, center of gravity change and the movement inertia etc; Humans sight, hearing,touch, smell and function characteristic of body sensory organs; The human body to the reflect of various physical factors in environment and adaptability ; The shape, color, texture effect and the installation position of handles, button, switch of all kinds of industrial products . Only people stay in a reasonable matching condition with industrial products, human potential capacity can be excellently expressed, creating high efficiency, reducing fatigue, promoting health and improving the quality of lifeIn modeling design of table lamp, man-machine learning is mainly applied to study the using relationship of human and lamp. For example, in designing table lamp, the visual muscle characteristics , structure scale of human body, human physiological scale and mental scale all should be analyzed ; In the meantime, the influence of the light and other environmental factors to human body physiology , psychological and the working efficiency also should be analyzed 3. Need to consider that people actually in which type of light and illumination range, can obtain the intimacy and do not produce visual fatigue reflect; How height and how device of the head of table lamp do not affect vision, do not let person feel dazzling, glamour. Therefore, in designing table lamp, the following aspects should be ensured Make the light reflex a time, and then arrive the working face, so as to obtain downy, uniform illume effect, and also avoid clear shadow; No matter from any angle, the light all cannot be seen, so as not to stimulate eyes, To compensate the incandescent lamp spectrum to get appropriate light color; Abate the brightness of chimney edge, and allow partial light overflow in order to prevent the excessive contrast caused by the lamp and dark background and eye discomfort 4The Artistic Function. New age the modeling art of product is conducting specific artistic expression to using function of product by using product material and technical conditions. Its modeling artistic quality is to enhance the market competition ability, improve brand image of product and satisfy people the requirements to product visual pleasure . When we see a product, its exterior modeling would firstly produce effects to our psychological or physical , namely with intuitive appreciation, making different judge or producing different reflection, which is pure and fresh, bright beautiful , vulgar, low; Pleasant, comfortable and depressing, depressive, etc. That is the effect of artistic function reflected through the product appearance 1The artistic function of modeling design of table lamp is embodied through its appearance shape, color, and texture effect. Whether the exterior is novelty, the color is suitable, craft processing is proper, directly affect our likes and dislikes, meanwhile some reflection, like tranquil , excited, lively, silence, depressive sensation are naturally generated in psychologySo, how to improve the artistic function of table lamp? Improving the artistic function must follow the certain aesthetic rules, such as changes and unified , symmetry and balanced , proportion and scale, rhythm and cadence, contrast and harmonic 5. But with the increases of human aesthetic taste, in the practical application to these rules, we should flexibly use according to the requirements of age and regionThe Color of Table LampTo play the function of the product itself, as the premise, the color of table lamp should be humorous with body. Every table lamp should have a main color, considering different likes of different person to color and the difference of different region to color choice, the table lamp should have a variety of colors, which make people produce protean feel. For example, the table lamp using a light green as the main color, fills with vitality and vigor, making people feel happy, pure and fresh, mood, thereby improving the depressing, depressive study and work, improving efficiency; Orange lets people feelanacreontic, colorful, warm , friendly; Blue makes people associate the sea and vast sky 呵,letting咽1气people feels refreshing and spirit, so as to promote the work and learning; Gray gives people with pure, simple and elegant feeling, showing kind and comfortable . 飞Tisibly, the color of table lamp今丰气Advanced Materials Research v。Is. 295-2972583directly influences the users emotions. Ifthe color is blindfold , displaced , it would give people with intense stimulation, easily causing fatigue, while appropriate color can improve the learning and working efficiency, reducing fatigue feelingThe Shape and Texture Effect of Table LampThe shape is the most active and rich of emotion modeling factor. The lively and tranquility , complicated and pure, stability and legerity, solemn and warm reflected by product are all closely related to shape. Therefore, in designing the table lamp, the shape should be applied reasonably. For example, commercial office-using table lamp should reflect business order and efficiency, thus design should be aloof, formal, rigorous, neutral appearance characteristics , so as to emphasize mechanization and geometry in shape; Home-using table lamp should reflect the normalization , human, affinity and lightweight , agile, sweet characteristics , therefore, in shape design, the organic shape should be emphasized , using the organic, free shape, not the rigid , cold geometry shape; Student-using table lamp should use geometrical shape, in order to manifest the serious and formalcharacteristics, but the geometric shape can not be too strict and dogma like commercial office-using table lamp, it should change the geometrical shape into soft one, smoothing the corner into S” curve or wavy curve so as to be rich of humanity and angryIn texture effect, qualitative feeling and texture beauty as visual and feeling elements of industrial product design all produce induction and excitement to human vision and touch. These different degree of induction and excitement can make people produce different physical and psychological effects. Therefore, in designing the table lamp, we should be good at using the natural aesthetic feeling produced by materials and technology , strengthening the contrast of texture effect as shown in Fig. 1. This table lamp makes a strong contrast to smooth feeling and attrition feeling, having a kind of showily and plain, lively and subtle feeling, which lets people feel pleasingFig. I The table lamp having strong contrast of texture effect The Era Characteristics of Modeling Design of Table LampThe times is progressing, human life level is improving, the pace oflife is speeding up, the production efficiency is advancing by leaps and bounds, but at the same time facing energy shortage and the increasing industrial rubbish. These require the product accompanied by human life and the work should be green, energy-saving , concise, optimization , and have a kind of contemporary feeling associated with information age, a kind of spirit according with the modern life. The product that really has vitality and charisma should be an organic whole combined the highly succinct modeling with natural humoristic, rich and powerful design language, making product establish a connection with its itself technology and culture, so that the users immediately clear everything as soon as they see or touch the productTherefore, the modeling of new times table lamp should be concise and should abandon boldly and take succinctly, making its aesthetic feeling come from scientific principles of lighting 7, not come from additional adornment, so as to obtain good using effect. For example, the simple and beautiful table lamp of geometrical shape as shown in Fig. 2, of which the base is close to square, the head is rectangle, the middle is transited by arc, is a composition shape of soft or hard, that can be said there2584Man ufactu ri ng Science and Tech n。l。gy, AEMT2011is a circle in the square, and a square in the circle, which not only makes the table lamp appear concise generous, unglamorous and more peaceful kind. This design of table lamp is very succinct, fully embodying the principle of economy of modeling design of industrial productFig. 2 The table lamp of geometrical shapeSummaryThe above super丑cial discussion analyzes and discusses the modeling design of new times table lamp from the angle of industrial modeling design study. From it we can see, in the modeling design of new times table lamp, both the using function must be paid attention to and the artistic function should be noticed , the shape, color and texture effect all should be considered. In the meantime, the characteristics of the times of product modeling also should be recognized. Studying and designing the table lamp product of innovative and chic modeling, according with scientific lighting principle and the background of the times, so as to put the modeling design of our table lamp product on a new levelReferences1 Liming Fu: Research on Modeling Design of Industrial Product (Jilin People Press, Changchun 2002)2 Yulan Ding : Ergonomics (Beijing Institute of Technology Press, Beijing 2005)3 Xiaowei Jiang and Xianchun Cheng: Research on Modeling Design of Numerical Control Machine Tool, volume 1 of 2010 International Conference on Computer-Aided Manufacturing and Design, IEEE Publications (2010), p. 2704 Renke He: Industrial Design History (Higher Education Press, Beijing 2004) 5 Longsheng Li: Art Design Overview (Anhui Art Press, Anhui 2003)6 Song Qiu: Modeling Design Bsis (Tsinghua University Press, Beijing 2005)7 Hong Liu, Yannan Shen and Qiong Chen: Key Engineering Materials Vol. 364-366 (2008), p. 789岛fanufacturing Science and Technology, AE岛H2011 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.295-297Discussion on the Modeling Design of New Times Table Lamp 10.4028/www .scientific.net/AMR.295-297.2581DOI References7 Hong Liu, Yannan Shen and Qiong Chen: Key Engineering Materials Vol. 364-366 (2008), p.789 h忧p:/dx.doi.org/10 .4028/www .scientific.net/KEM.364-366. 789
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