道路垃圾清扫机设计【三维PROE模型】【14张CAD图纸和说明书全套】

购买设计请充值后下载，资源目录下的文件所见即所得，都可以点开预览，资料完整，充值下载可得到资源目录里的所有文件。【注】：dwg后缀为CAD图纸，doc,docx为WORD文档，原稿无水印，可编辑。有不明白之处，可咨询QQ:1304139763 毕业论文（设计）中期检查表学 部： 理工学部 学生姓名 学 号 年级专业及班级 指导教师姓名 指导教师职称教授毕业论文题目道路垃圾清扫机设计毕业论文工作进度已完成的主要内容尚需解决的主要问题1. 系统设计计算2. 传动方案的确定及主要工作部件的设计计算3.说明书的部分书1. 主要受力零件的强度或寿命校核计算2.CAD图纸的绘制3. 完成说明书4.说明格式调整以及纠错指导教师意见 指导教师签名： 年 月 日检查（考核）小组意见检查小组组长签名： 年 月 日毕业论文（设计）任务书学生姓名学 号年级专业及班级指导教师及职称学 部20XX年09月20 日填 写 说 明一、毕业论文（设计）任务书是学院根据已经确定的毕业论文（设计）题目下达给学生的一种教学文件，是学生在指导教师指导下独立从事毕业论文（设计）工作的依据。此表由指导教师填写。二、此任务书必须针对每一位学生，不能多人共用。三、选题要恰当，任务要明确，难度要适中，份量要合理，使每个学生在规定的时限内，经过自己的努力，可以完成任务书规定的设计研究内容。四、任务书一经下达，不得随意更改。五、各栏填写基本要求。（一）主要内容和要求：1工程设计类选题明确设计具体任务，设计原始条件及主要技术指标；设计方案的形成（比较与论证）；该生的侧重点；应完成的工作量，如图纸、译文及计算机应用等要求。2实验研究类选题明确选题的来源，具体任务与目标，国内外相关的研究现状及其评述；该生的研究重点，研究的实验内容、实验原理及实验方案；计算机应用及工作量要求，如论文、文献综述报告、译文等。3文法经管类论文明确选题的任务、方向、研究范围和目标；对相关的研究历史和研究现状简要介绍，明确该生的研究重点；要求完成的工作量，如论文、文献综述报告、译文等。（二）主要参考文献与外文资料：在确定了毕业论文（设计）题目和明确了要求后，指导教师应给学生提供一些相关资料和相关信息，或划定参考资料的范围，指导学生收集反映当前研究进展的近13年参考资料和文献。外文资料是指导老师根据选题情况明确学生需要阅读或翻译成中文的外文文献。（三）毕业论文（设计）的进度安排：1设计类、实验研究类课题实习、调研、收集资料、方案制定约占总时间的20%；主体工作，包括设计、计算、绘制图纸、实验及结果分析等约占总时间的50%；撰写初稿、修改、定稿约占总时间的30%。2文法经管类论文实习、调研、资料收集、归档整理、形成提纲约占总时间的60%；撰写论文初稿，修改、定稿约占总时间的40%。六、各栏填写完整、字迹清楚。应用黑色签字笔填写，也可使用打印稿，但签名栏必须相应责任人亲笔签名。毕业论文（设计）题目道路垃圾清扫机设计主要内容和要求（宋体五号，行间距单倍行距）主要内容：1、垃圾清扫总成设计2、垃圾输送收集装置设计3、行走机构设计4、操作系统设计5、动力匹配要求： 1、清扫干净。 2、效率20km/h。 3、要求机构设计合理。结构紧凑，体积小，重量轻，环保节能，使用方便。4、完成3张A0图纸（折合），并要求CAD绘制。5、撰写设计说明书，文字在1.01.5万字间，条理清楚，计算有据，格式按湖南农业大学全日制普通本科生毕业论文（设计）规范化要求。6、设计说明书的内容包括：课题的目的、意义、国内外动态；研究的主要内容；总体方案的拟定和主要参数的设计计算；传动方案的确定及设计计算，主要工作部件的设计；主要零件分析计算和校核；参考文献，鸣谢。注：此表如不够填写，可另加附页。主要参考资料（具体格式以规范化要求规定为准）1 高秀华,郭建华.内燃机.化学工业出版社,2005.2 马守明.柴油机.北京：煤炭工业出版社,1998.3 池建军,侯妮娜.国内柴油机电控技术的现状及发展方向.机械管理开发2007年01期4 徐小红,汤仲平.国内外柴油机油发展与国内现状.中国石油兰州润滑油研究开发中心.5 周庆玲.柴油机制造工艺设计.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2009.6 于骏一，邹青.机械制造技术基础M.北京：机械出版社,2004. 7 施平.机械工程专业英语教程M.北京：电子工业出版社,2004.8 赵强，李永胜，王建安等.HXC600型防护撞护栏清洗车饿基本设计【J】新产品.新技术9 宁维庆，蕲长征.护栏清洗车滚刷规避机构的设计计算【J】.筑路机械与施工机械化，1996（6）：6-710 葛如海.清洗车滑块式清洗刷清洗效果分析【J】江苏理工大学学报， 1995（10）：44-5011 葛如海.栅栏清洗车盘式清洗刷清洗效果分析【J】机械科学与技术， 1995（5）；8-1112 郁明山等编.现代机械传动手册.北京：机械工业出版社，199813 吴宗泽等编 机械设计.北京.中央广播电视大学出版社，199813 机械工程手册编委会.机械工程手册 第34篇液压传动.北京：机械工业出版社，199715 苏尔皇主编.液压液体力学.北京： 国防工业出版社，1979 工作进度安排（宋体五号，行间距固定值22磅）起止日期主要工作内容20XX.09.1420XX.09.20选题、下达设计任务书20XX.09.2020XX.09.25调研、查找资料、毕业设计开题20XX.09.2620XX.10.15设计方案确定20XX.10.1620XX.03.28设计计算 绘制装配图、零件图20XX.03.2920XX.03.30中期考核20XX.04.120XX.04.30书写设计说明书，修改20XX.05.1120XX.05.13预审、修改20XX.05.1420XX.05.20答辩要求完成日期：20 12 年 5 月 5 日 指导教师签名： 接受任务日期：20 11 年 9 月 21 日； 学生本人签名： 注：签名栏必须由相应责任人亲笔签名。本科生毕业设计 (论文)外 文 翻 译原 文 标 题Dry cleaning the car译 文 标 题干式清扫车作者所在系别机电工程学院作者所在专业车辆工程作者所在班级B13142作 者 姓 名张晓辉作 者 学 号201322293指导教师姓名刘志强指导教师职称讲师完 成 时 间2017年3月北华航天工业学院教务处制译文标题干式清扫车原文标题Dry cleaning the car作 者Andre.Robert译 名安德烈.罗伯特国 籍美国原文出处美国学术出版社 Road sweeper is a new type of efficient cleaning equipment that combines road cleaning, garbage collection and transportation. Simple said is change his costume or dress on special automobile chassis road cleaning function of sweeping vehicles, vehicles in addition to the chassis engine, also equipped with a pair of engine, four brush sweep by the hydraulic motor drives the work, with fan, dustbin, tanks and other equipment. The new model can be a complete surface cleaning, the road road teeth cleaning, the road road teeth cleaning and cleaning the sprinkling water on the ground after work and so on, is suitable for various climate and dry pavement cleaning job.Cleaning the car typeGenerally, it is classified according to the way of walking, method of operation, or dust removalA hand-propelled sweeper and a hand-held sweeperA self-propelled sweeperPure scavenging car4, sweep sweeping carPure suction sweeperDry cleaning carWet cleaning carAll-smoking sweeping carThe dry cleaning car is introducedDry cleaning the car is a new type of road sweeper, not without a brush spray, all air assignments, by aerodynamics, by experts identified the domestic leading technology, and with independent intellectual property rights, development, and developed by luoyang chi windmill industry co., LTD., the production of road jie brand series vacuum sweeper all airflow, brush, spray, without a dust, without secondary dust, road clean vacuuming the widespread use of car will greatly reduce the content of particulate matter in the air, thoroughly solved the problem of the dust pollution is serious, is a modernized new sanitation product environmental protection, energy saving, the environmental protection technical indexes of this product is higher than the national industry standard.Pure suction sweeperPure suction road sweeper is a new high-tech product that is no secondary dust pollution and function superior to traditional sweeper. The vehicle adopts the principle of negative pressure pure absorption by the dust collection system, a dust collecting box, secondary dust collection box, dust collection system, hydraulic system, this sheng dust removal filter cartridge, and electric control system of walking system, etc, with high dust collection range, the net absorption rate, no secondary dust suction, and outlet no dust emissions, high working efficiency, etc. Is the preferred product for sanitation clean and material recycling. Suitable for the industrial and mining enterprises that produce dust, high concentration and high density of dust and dust; The rapid cleaning and cleaning of urban elevated, fast roads and tunnels; Cleaning and cleaning of main street, high grade highway and highway.The dry cleaning car is introducedDry cleaning the car is a new type of road sweeper, not without a brush spray, all air assignments, by aerodynamics, by experts identified the domestic leading technology, and with independent intellectual property rights, development, and developed by luoyang chi windmill industry co., LTD., the production of road jie brand series vacuum sweeper all airflow, brush, spray, without a dust, without secondary dust, road clean vacuuming the widespread use of car will greatly reduce the content of particulate matter in the air, thoroughly solved the problem of the dust pollution is serious, is a modernized new sanitation product environmental protection, energy saving, the environmental protection technical indexes of this product is higher than the national industry standard.Multi-function all-suction cleaning carMulti-functional total suction sweep road car is to use the patent technology development of new products, it has changed the past the traditional method for cleaning the car plate rolling brush brush sweep, but all adopt the airflow to finish the homework, using air movement mode to hoard dust and garbage collection, so the efficiency is very high. This product can reduce dust pollution effectively, improve air quality, reduce the amount of particulate matter in air, and improve peoples living environment.Why do you need to use a sweeping carThe traditional answer: sweep the road to clean the floor, wash the floor to wash and dry all kinds of ground.The professional answer: the road car can not only solve the problem but also make more profit for the user.The sweeping car can solve the following problems:People live in a dusty environment with health problems;Environmental indicators required by state laws or local regulations;A problem caused by premature excess of the road due to dust or garbage;The product of the production workshop is contaminated by dust;The problem of dust pollution of fixed or moving machines in production workshops;The ability to bring greater profits (or savings) :The sweeping vacuuming system of sweeping cars is equivalent to about 6-40 times artificial;The level of 2, reduce dust pollution to the environment (to save time and money, reduce artificial cleaning of product appearance, cleaning and maintenance of mechanical equipment and periodic health work environment, etc.)Improve the efficiency of work and increase the motivation of the operator.A clean and tidy environment not only improves the image of the city, but also contributes to the construction of urban culture and the initiative of the citizens.The comparison between the mechanical and the manual1, work efficiency, the same homework area time is greatly shortened;The clean cost of the mechanical unit area is, to be sure, lower than the artificial cost.Clean effect, the machine can avoid the problem that the cleaner USES not average, the clean effect is not unified;4, safety performance, let clean workers in the safe environment (the traffic on the road is too much, and the safety of the self is not strong).Economic returns, for example, take a car for example, how much money it spent on the day it stopped using, the real price. In addition to the cost of investment, there are operational costs and labor costs.Sweep road car industry in China after decades of development, products from a single pure sweep type development to the present a variety of types, product performance and product quality rapidly improved, especially after the reform and opening up, by importing key purchased components to sweep road car product performance and reliability is greatly increased. But at present, the level of the road car in China is different from that of developed countries in other countries, especially in the reliability of the product. To improve the level of the sweep road car as soon as possible, reducing the gap with advanced countries sweep road car, meet the requirements of the sanitation department for road surface cleaning operation in our country, sweep road car production enterprise should choose an appropriate sweep road car research direction. With the development of the society, the progress, are no longer satisfied with the simple sense of vacuum sweeper, will from the perspectives of multifunctional, environmental protection, economy, to ask for more, call can satisfy the various needs of vacuuming car market. Is under such circumstances, the Chinese construction bureau of luoyang construction machinery factory and luoyang chi windmill industry co., LTD. Jointly developed with independent intellectual property rights of new multifunctional suction all sweep road car is now officially put on the market. The new model can be a complete surface cleaning, the road road teeth cleaning, the road road teeth cleaning and cleaning the sprinkling water on the ground after work and so on, is suitable for various climate and dry pavement cleaning operation, more suitable for square, roads, residential district, parking lot, wharf, airport, station, cement plants, power plants and other places clean dust removal.In order to avoid operation error, the control valve mainly distinguishes the main valve and the auxiliary valve. Then the two valve is, where is the main difference, the main valve driven by sweep road car chassis, vice valve power from the special function of the engine. The common engine of the road scavenging car has the north facing the wood, the jiangling, cummins. Main valve management chassis shell carriage tilt and carriages behind the back door of hydraulic pressure switch, the deputy valve management four brush to sweep road car (can be individually controlled one or all of the work) and suction cups.2, the engines secondary engine is different from the engine, but the average speed is around 1500 to 18003, according to the needs of work, generally can choose whether to take water spray dust function, general configuration generally take after water spray, also need to pay attention to the clear water tank of water is enough, clear water tank volume, working time may have difference.4, the road sweepers electromagnetism multi-channel valve pressure adjustment is normally on the overflow valve, the user can adjust the pressure appropriately to change the speed of the sweeping brush.5, additional sweeper can choose according to the road vehicle whether brush to brush on the left and the right to work at the same time, such as sweeping the road corner is only open one side of the brush rotation work here in the corner6, the dustbin of the scavenging car may have small dust deposits, and manual processing is required to clean up the dustbin.7, the distance from the sweeping car to the ground should be adjusted according to the condition of the road.The scavenging tube may often have dirt and mud, and it will need to be cleaned up regularly for better results.9, control the electrical parts of the box in order to use a more stable need to replace a piece.10, the sanitation worker should regularly check whether the functional areas are normalIn order to avoid the effects of foreign bodies in hydraulic oil on the normal operation of the electromagnetic control valves, the sanitation workers should check the hydraulic oil regularly.12, it is normal to check the limit device of the clutch power push rod of the engine.13, the time interval should be five seconds when the floor is converted14, when a hydraulic part of a road sweeper is not working properly, check the oil circuit before checking the circuit.(1) the reason that the circuit is partially abnormal may be: insurance disconnection, line connection looseness, line break(2) there may be reasons for the abnormal flow of oil: the oil pump failure, the breakdown of the tubing, the leakage of oil from the oil circuit, and the failure of the solenoid valve.Cleaning workOpen the control box and point the control valve to the secondary valve position2 start vice machine3 the clutch control button points to the closed position, and the fan starts to work4 point the dust box control knob to the descending positionThe left sweep or right sweep control button points to the descending position6 turn the left sweep or right sweep the control knob to the positive position (left pan clockwise, right hand counterclockwise)The left spray, the right water spray, and the rear water control knob point to the open positionSet the pump control button to the open positionThe car moves at the right speed and begins to sweepCleaning the endThe car stopped runningControl the pump control button, left spray control button, right water control button, and rear water jet control knob point to close position3 will sweep the control button to the middle position4 move the dial to the position of the liter and then point to the middle positionPoint the dust box to the top and point to the middle positionPoint the clutch to the position of the point, and then point to the middle position7 control the control key point to the middle positionClose the secondary engineTurn off the power of the control boxWaste dischargedOpen the control box and point the control knob to the main valve position2 start the main engine of the vehicleStep 3 on the clutchTurn on the oil pump clutch switch.Release the clutch at the appropriate speed6 position the back door control knob on the control box to point to the open position, and then point to the middle position in 5 secondsThe control button is pointed at the Angle of the carriage, and the control key points to the middle position at any time8 garbage cleaningWhen the garbage is cleared, the control button is pointed to the lower position, and the control button points to the middle position after the carriage returnSet the back door to the center of the lock, and then point to the middle position 10 seconds laterClean up the garbageStep on the clutch13 attach the additional pump clutch control button (inward push)Release the clutch at the appropriate speedThe control valve of the control box points to the middle positionTurn off the control boxBest environment for the type of scavenging carWet sweeping road, highway, road surface areaNo brush dry sweep road, highway, north cold outdoor workThere is a brush dry sweeping car, which is not normal, and it is the same as wet .道路清扫车是集路面清扫、垃圾回收和运输为一体的新型高效清扫设备。简单的说就是在专用汽车底盘上改装道路清扫功能的扫地车型，车辆除底盘发动机外，另外加装一个副发动机，四把扫刷由液压马达带动工作，带风机、垃圾箱、水箱等多种配套设备。这种全新的车型可一次完成地面清扫、马路道牙边清扫、马路道牙清洗及清扫后对地面的洒水等工作,适用于各种气候和不同干燥路面的清扫作业。清扫车类型 一般以行走方式、作业方式或除尘方式来进行分类，通常多以作业方式分类 1、手推式清扫车和手扶式清扫车 2、自行式清扫车 3、纯扫式清扫车 4、吸扫式清扫车 5、纯吸式清扫车（多功能全吸式扫路车） 6、干式清扫车（吸尘车） 7、湿式清扫车 8、全吸式清扫车 干式清扫车介绍干式清扫车就是一种新型道路清扫车，不用刷子不喷水，全部气流作业,靠的是空气动力学原理, 经专家鉴定国内领先技术，且拥有独立的知识产权，洛阳驰风车业有限公司自行开发、研制、生产的路洁牌系列吸尘车全部用气流，不用刷子、不喷水，没有一次扬尘、没有二次扬尘，路洁吸尘车的广泛使用将大大减少空气中可吸入颗粒物的含量，彻底解决了粉尘污染严重的问题，是一种环保、节能的现代化新型环卫产品，这种产品的环保技术指标高于国家行业标准。纯吸式清扫车纯吸式道路清扫车是一种“无二次扬尘污染、功能上优于传统扫路车”的全新高科技产品！ 该车采用负压纯吸的原理，由吸尘系统、一次集尘箱、二次集尘箱、粉尘回收系统、液压系统、今盛除尘滤筒、电控系统及行走系统等组成，具有吸尘范围广、吸净率高、吸口无二次扬尘、出风口无粉尘排放、工作效率高等优点，是环卫清洁及物料回收的优选产品。适用于于易产生扬尘污染的多粉尘、高浓度和大密度的工矿企业；城市高架、快速道路及桥隧的快速清扫保洁；城市主干道、高等级公路及高速公路的清扫保洁。 干式清扫车介绍干式清扫车就是一种新型道路清扫车，不用刷子不喷水，全部气流作业,靠的是空气动力学原理, 经专家鉴定国内领先技术，且拥有独立的知识产权，洛阳驰风车业有限公司自行开发、研制、生产的路洁牌系列吸尘车全部用气流，不用刷子、不喷水，没有一次扬尘、没有二次扬尘，路洁吸尘车的广泛使用将大大减少空气中可吸入颗粒物的含量，彻底解决了粉尘污染严重的问题，是一种环保、节能的现代化新型环卫产品，这种产品的环保技术指标高于国家行业标准。多功能全吸式清扫车多功能全吸式扫路车是采用专利技术研制的新产品，它改变了以往清扫车用盘刷滚动刷扫的传统方式，而全部采用气流来完成作业，利用气流运动方式将粉尘和垃圾收集储存起来，因此效率很高。本产品可有效减少粉尘污染，提高空气质量，降低空气中可吸入颗粒物的含量，改善人们的生活环境。为何需要使用扫路车一、传统的回答：扫路车用来扫地，洗地车用来清洗并擦干各种地面。二、专业的回答：扫路车不仅能够解决困难还能够为使用者获得更多的利润。三、扫路车能够解决以下问题：1、人们生活在满是灰尘的环境中的健康问题；2、国家法律或地方法规要求的环境指标；3、由于灰尘或垃圾而造成路面过早过度的破损问题；4、生产车间的产品被灰尘污染的问题；5、生产车间内固定或移动的机器被灰尘污染的问题；四、能够带来更大的利润（或节约开支）：1、扫路车的扫地吸尘系统相当于6-40倍的人工；2、减少灰尘对环境污染的程度（节约时间和财力，减少人工对产品外表的清洁， 对机械设备的清洁保养以及周期性的环境卫生工作等）3、提高工作效率，同时提高操作者的工作积极性；4、一个良好整洁的环境不仅提高城市形象，而且更有利于城市文化的建设及市民工作的积极性。五、扫路车机械与人工的比较1、工作效率，同样的作业面积时间上大大缩短；2、清洁成本，可以肯定的是机械单位面积的清洁成本比人工还要低；3、清洁效果，机械可以避免清洁剂使用不平均，清洁效果不统一的问题；4、安全性能，让清洁工人身处安全环境（马路上的车辆太多，自身的安全意识不强）5、经济回报，以一辆车为例，它停止使用的那天共花费了多少钱，才是它真正的价钱。除了投资成本外，还有运营成本和人力消费成本。我国扫路车行业历经数十年的发展，产品从单一的纯扫式发展到目前的多种型式，产品性能和产品质量迅速提高，特别是在改革开放以后，通过进口关键外购件使扫路车产品性能和可靠性大大提高。但目前我国扫路车的水平与国外发达国家相比，还存在一定的差距，特别是在产品的可靠性方面。为尽快提高我国扫路车的水平，缩小与先进国家扫路车水平的差距，满足我国环卫部门对路面清扫作业的要求，扫路车生产企业应选择一个合适的扫路车研究方向。随着社会的发展、进步，不再满足于单纯意义上的吸尘车，将从多功能、环保、经济等方面提出更多的要求，市场呼唤能满足各种需求的吸尘车。就是在上述情况下，由中国建筑二局洛阳建筑工程机械厂与洛阳驰风车业有限公司联合研制的具有自主知识产权全新的多功能全吸式扫路车目前已正式投放市场。这种全新的车型可一次完成地面清扫、马路道牙边清扫、马路道牙清洗及清扫后对地面的洒水等工作，适用于各种气候和不同干燥路面的清扫作业，更适合于广场、公路、住宅小区、停车场、码头、机场、车站、水泥厂、电厂等场所的清洁除尘。1，为避免操作失误，扫路车控制阀主要区分为主阀门和副阀门。那么这两种阀门主要的区别又在哪里呢，主阀门的动力来自扫路车底盘，副阀门的动力来自专用功能部分的副发动机。常见的扫路车副发动机有朝柴、江铃、康明斯。主阀门管理底盘后面的外壳车厢倾斜和车厢后门的液压开关，副阀门管理扫路车的四把地刷（可单独控制一面或全部工作）和吸盘的工作。2，扫路车的副发动机因为选用发动机品牌不同功率不同，不过一般的的转速在1500转-1800转左右3，根据工作需要一般可以选择是否需要带喷水降尘功能，常规配置一般自带后喷水，同时需注意清水箱水量是否够用，一般清水箱容积不同，工作时间可能有差距。4，道路清扫车电磁多路阀压力调节一般在溢流阀上，用户可以适当调节压力来改变扫地刷的转速。5，另外扫地车可根据路面情况选择车辆左边地刷和右边地刷是否同时工作，如扫路边角落则只用开启靠角的一边地刷转动工作6，扫路车的垃圾箱可能有细小的灰尘沉积，清理垃圾箱时需要人工手动处理。7，扫路车吸盘离地面的距离应根据路段情况经常调整。8，扫路车吸尘管可能经常有尘土泥巴粘附，需经常清理到达更好效果。9，控制箱内的电器部分为了使用更稳定需要更换时最好是拆一件换一件。10，环卫工人应该经常定期检查各功能部位是否正常11，为了避免液压油中的异物会对电磁控制阀的正常工作造成影响，环卫工人应定期检查液压油是否正常。12，经常检查车辆副发动机的离合器电动推杆的限位装置是否正常。13，扫地车控制钮转换时，时间间隔应为5秒14，当道路清扫车的某液压件工作不正常时，按步骤先检查油路再检查电路。（1）电路部分不正常可能的原因有： 保险断开、 线路连接松动脱落、 线路断裂（2）油路部分不正常可能的原因有： 油泵的故障、油管破裂或油路连接处脱落漏油、电磁阀故障。清扫工作1 打开控制箱电源，将控制阀指向副阀位置2 启动副机3 将副机离合器控制按钮指向合的位置，风机开始工作4 将吸尘盒控制钮指向降的位置5 将左扫盘或右扫盘控制钮指向降的位置6 将左扫旋转或右扫旋转控制钮指向正转位置（左盘顺时针、右盘逆时针）7将左喷水、右喷水、后喷水控制钮指向开的位置8 将水泵控制钮指向开的位置9 车辆以适当的速度行驶，开始清扫动作清扫结束指 导 教 师 评 语 外文翻译成绩：指导教师签字： 年 月 日注：1. 指导教师对译文进行评阅时应注意以下几个方面：翻译的外文文献与毕业设计（论文）的主题是否高度相关，并作为外文参考文献列入毕业设计（论文）的参考文献；翻译的外文文献字数是否达到规定数量（3 000字以上）；译文语言是否准确、通顺、具有参考价值。2. 外文原文应以附件的方式置于译文之后。共 10页 第 10 页