清辅音和浊辅音.doc

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1、清辅音和浊辅音20个元音pbmwhi:itdnjrE:EkgNlC:Cfvu:uszB:QWTeAFVaieiCitFdViEZEuEtrdrEuautsdz48个国际音标表元音12个单元音长元音i:E:C:u:B:短元音iECuQeA8个双元音aieiCiiEZEuEEuau辅音10对清辅音ptkfsWFtFtrts浊辅音bdgvzTVdVdrdz3个鼻音mnN3个似拼音hrl2个半元音wj 英语单词发音规则一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母 读 音 例 词a 在开音节中 ei name plane Jane baby cake在闭音节中 bag dad hat map black ba

2、cke 在开音节中 i: he these me Chinese在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes eggi 在开音节中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swimo 在开音节中 ou those close go hoe home no在闭音节中 C clock not box shop socku 在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时

3、读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母 读 音 例 词a在w音后面 C want what watch wash qualitya在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 : after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -ld和gh前 ai find child light higho在-st -ld前 ou most postcard old coldo在m n v th前 come monkey love mother三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母 读 音

4、 例 词a EE China another woman breakfastorange comrade village cabbagee E hundred student open weekendchicken pocket begin childreni E/ holiday beautiful family animalai exercise satelliteo E second tonight somebody welcomeEu also zero photou E autumn difficultju: popular congratulation January动词中的a如果

5、处在开音节位置，a读ei音，例如：operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作E音，也可以读作音。四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词arar在w音后面 : car farm dark sharpenerC: warm quarter towardsoror在w音后面 C: forty morning shortE: word worker worseer ir ur E: certainly bird Thur

6、sday辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry-r音节在非重读音节中通常读E音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词are E care dare hareere iE here mereire aiE fire hire wireore C: more score beforeure juE pure cureare ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读E音，例如：

7、picture pleasure重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读r音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词ai/ay ei afraid rain wait day playair E air hair chair pair repairalal在f m前 C small ball talk wall allC:l always also

8、salt almost: half calmau/aw C: autumn daughter drawea i: teach easy cheap pleasee heavy bread sweater weatherei break greatear iE hear dear near clear yearE bear pear wear swearE: earth learn earlyee i: jeep week green threeeer iE pioneer deer beerei/ey ei eight neighbour theyi: either keyeu/ew在j l

9、r s后 ju: new few newspaperu: flew brew jewelryie/eis音之后 i: piece field receiveoa ou coat Joan boat goaloar/oor C: roar board door flooroi/oy Ci noise point boy toiletoo u: broom food tooth schoolbook look cook foot goodou/ow au flower house count downou know row throw though young country enoughu: g

10、roup you soupour C: course your fourauE our hour oursE: journeyui在j l r s后 ju:i fluid suicide tuitionu: juice fruit suit七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkeyow ou yellow sparrow tomorrow元音字组在非重读音节中读E音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee-sion -tion Fn impression n

11、ation-sion在元音字母后 Vn vision decision occasion-tion在s后 tFEn question suggestion-sten sn listen-stle sl whistle-sure VE pleasure measure-ture tFE picture culture八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everydayei handbag blackboardC:有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按

12、非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + dayei日子 Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + dayei日子 holiday 假日 break中断 + fast:斋戒 breakfastE 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板C: cupboardE 碗柜九、辅字组的读音辅字组 读 音 例 词b bike bus bag/ bomb tombcc在e前或在i/y前 k cake picture coat musics face decide cinemach tF much chick rich teacherk school headache chemistryF machine

13、-ck k cock pocket black knockd d doctor bread hand day-dge dV bridge fridgedr- dr children driver drinkf f five four breakfastgg在e i/y前 bag garden godV orange large Germangh f cough enough/ light daughter highgu- -guegu在非重读音节中 guess league dialoguew language anguishh h hot head house hand/ hour hone

14、stj dV jeep jar joke join Julyk k kind bike skate make weekkn- n knife know knockl l life milk school tallm m monkey come autumn-mn m autumn column solemnnn在k g音前 n not shine ten noteN uncle thank hungry-ng N morning young wrongp p paper plane pig ship penph f elephant photo telephoneq k Iraqqu- kw

15、quality quiter r red rubber rulers在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 s sit sleep deskz music husbandsc- sk scarlets muscle sciencesh F she fish shirt washt在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 t ten letter meetF patient nationtch tF watchth在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 thin thirty methodT the these with thanT clothe fathe r wea

16、thertr- tr tree train country truckv v very voice love leavew w week win wake sweet wait/ Answer twowh-wh-在字母o前 w what when white whyh who whose wholex在重读元音前 ks box text exercisegz example exist exactwr- r writey- j yes yard yellow youngz z puzzle zero zoo英语语音名词解释1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，

17、辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（m n l例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。 0-012音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如：长元音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mo

18、d-le weath-er 0-023重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 0-034开音节 绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse. 0-045闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup 0

19、-056双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如：stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn in-deed含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：about before excuse repair for-get-ful in-ven-tor 0-067多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如：el-e-phant con-grat-u-la-tion词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一

20、个音节上重读。例如：scientific impression nation一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号a 在开音节中 ei name plane Jane baby cake 1-01在闭音节中 bag dad hat map black back 1-02e 在开音节中 i: he these me Chinese 1-03在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes egg 1-04i 在开音节中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite 1-05在闭音节中 i fish big drink sit milk swim

21、 1-06o 在开音节中 u those close go hoe home no 1-07在闭音节中 clock not box shop sock 1-08u 在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday 1-09在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch 1-10在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super 1-11二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号a China another woman breakfast 2-01i orange comra

22、de village cabbage 2-02e hundred student open moment 2-03i chicken pocket begin children 2-04i /i holiday beautiful family animal 2-05ai exercise satellite 2-06o second tonight somebody welcome 2-07u also zero photo 2-08u autumn difficult 2-09ju(:) popular congratulation January 2-10动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a

23、读ei音，例如：operate 2-11u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue 2-12在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作音，也可以读作i音。三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在w音后面want what watch wash quality3-01a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3-02i在-nd -ld和gh前aifind child lig

24、ht high3-03o在-st -ld前oumost postcard old cold3-04o在m n v th前come monkey love mother3-05四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号arar在w音后面 : car farm dark sharpener 4-01: warm quarter towards 4-02oror在w音后面 : forty morning short 4-03: word worker worse 4-04er ir ur : certainly bird Thursday 4-05辅音字母r双写时，前面的

25、元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry4-06-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号are care dare hare 5-01ere i here mere 5-02ire ai fire hire wire 5-03ore : more score before 5-04ure ju pure cure 5-05完整的-re音节are ere

26、ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读音，例如：picture pleasure非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发r音，例如：salary 5-06重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读r音。例如：parent zero inspiring story during5-07某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit 5-08六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号ai/ay ei af

27、raid rain wait day play 6-01air air hair chair pair repair 6-02alal在f m前: small ball talk wall all 6-03:l always also salt almost 6-04: half calm 6-05au/aw : autumn daughter draw 6-06ea i: teach easy cheap please 6-07e heavy bread sweater weather 6-08ei break great 6-09ear i hear dear near clear yea

28、r 6-10 bear pear wear swear 6-11: earth learn early 6-12ee i: jeep week green three 6-13eer i pioneer deer beer 6-14ei/ey ei eight neighbour they 6-15eu/ew在 j l r 后 ju: new few newspaper 6-16u: flew brew jewelry 6-17ie/s音后拼写为ei i: piece field receive seize 6-18oa ou coat Joan boat goal 6-19oar/oor :

29、 roar board door floor 6-20oi/oy i noise point boy toilet 6-21oo u: broom food tooth school 6-22u book look cook foot good 6-23ou/ow au flower house count down 6-24u know row throw though 6-25 young country enough 6-26u: group you soup through 6-27our : course your four 6-28au our hour ours 6-29: jo

30、urney 6-30uiui 在j l r s后 ju:i fluid suicide tuition 6-31u: juice fruit suit 6-32九、辅字组的读音辅字组 读 音 例 词 编 号b b bike bus bag 9-01/ bomb tomb lamb climb 9-02cc在e前或在i/y前 k cake picture coat music 9-03s face decide cinema 9-04ch much chick rich teacher 9-05k school headache chemistry 9-06 machine Chicago9-0

31、7-ck k cock pocket black knock 9-08d d doctor bread hand day 9-09-dge bridge fridge 9-10dr- dr children driver drink 9-11f f five four breakfast 9-12gg在e i/y前 bag gardon go 9-13 orange large German 9-14-ghgh- f cough enough rough 9-15 sorghum spaghetti ghost 9-16gu- -gue guess league dialogue guitar

32、 9-17w language anguish penguin 9-18h h hot head house hand 9-19/ hour honest honor 9-20j jeep jar joke join July 9-21k k kind bike skate make week 9-22kn- n knife know knock 9-23l l life milk school tall 9-24m m monkey come tomato 9-25-mn m autumn column solemn 9-26nn在k g音前 n not shine ten note 9-2

33、7? uncle thank hungry 9-28-ng ? morning young wrong 9-29p p paper plane pig ship pen 9-30ph f elephant photo telephone 9-31-q/-que k Iraq cheque 9-32qu- kw quality quite quarter 9-33r r red rubber ruler 9-34s在音节开头或清辅音前在元音字母间或浊辅音前 s sit sleep desk 9-35z music husband 9-36sc- sk scarlet scout Scotland

34、 9-37s muscle science 9-38sh she fish shirt wash 9-39t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 t ten letter meet 9-40 patient nation 9-41tch watch catch match 9-42th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 thin thirty method 9-43 the these with than 9-44 clothe father weather 9-45tr- tr tree train country truck 9-46v v very v

35、oice love leave 9-47w w week win wake sweet wait 9-48/ answer two 9-49wh-wh-在字母o前 w what when white why 9-50h who whose whole 9-51x在重读元音前 ks box text exercise 9-52gz example exist exact 9-53wr- r write wrong wrist 9-54y- j yes yard yellow young 9-55z z puzzle zero zoo 9-56英语26个字母发音法（26个字母及其音标）A B C D E F Ge bi si di i Gf dIiH I J K L M NetN a0 dIe ke Gl Gm GnO P Q R S T Uo pi kju Ar Gs ti juV W X Y Z